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All Journal Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection Planta Tropika JPT : JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN (JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION) Akta Agrosia Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Open Science and Technology
Darnetty, Darnetty
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science Mechanical Engineering

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Antagonistic Test of Endophytic Bacteria Against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae Causes of Moler Disease on Shallots Wihayyu, Afri; Resti, Zurai; Sulyanti, Eri; Darnetty, Darnetty; Khairul, Ujang
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.54351

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (FOCe) is a pathogenic fungus causing moler disease in shallots. One method of controlling this disease is by using endophytic bacteria. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live in plant tissues without causing disease symptoms. This research aims to obtain the most effective endophytic bacteria in inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic fungus FOCe. The study employs a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 8 treatments with 3 replications each. The treatments include Bacillus sp. HI, Bacillus sp. SJI, Bacillus cereus P14, Bacillus cereus Se07, Bacillus subtilis, Serratia marcescens JB1E3, Serratia marcescens ULG1E4, and control. Tests conducted include the antibiosis test of endophytic bacterial cells using the dual culture method and the secondary metabolite test using media poisoning method. The observed parameters include inhibition zone, effectiveness of secondary metabolites, fresh weight, and dry weight of the FOCe fungus. All endophytic bacteria were capable of inhibiting the growth of FOCe. The most effective endophytic bacteria in inhibiting the growth of FOCe were found to be Serratia marcescens ULG1E4 and Serratia marcescens JB1E3. In the antibiosis test of endophytic bacterial cells, Serratia marcescens ULG1E4 exhibited an inhibition zone of 64.44%, while Serratia marcescens JB1E3 showed an inhibition zone of 61.11%. In the secondary metabolite compound test, the effectiveness values for Serratia marcescens ULG1E4 and Serratia marcescens JB1E3 were 95.31% and 95.03%, respectively.
Bagaimana Trichoderma Meningkatkan Enzim Pertahanan pada Tanaman Pangan: Pandangan Saat Ini dan Perspektif Masa Depan di Asia Albana, Hasan; Nurbailis, Nurbailis; Darnetty, Darnetty
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Vol 8 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.8.2.109-122.2024

Abstract

Food crops are plants grown for consumption by humans and animals. These crops face threats from both abiotic and biotic factors. Therefore, environmentally friendly alternative controls are needed, such as enhancing plant resistance using Trichoderma spp. This systematic literature review provides information on the effects of Trichoderma spp. application on plant physiology, particularly focusing on defense enzymes in food crops in the Asian region. Articles on the effects of Trichoderma application on food crop defense enzymes in Asia were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus. The literature search yielded 3,022 articles from these databases. Four criteria were established for study inclusion: i) studies involving Trichoderma spp.; ii) studies using food crops as the subject; iii) studies conducted in Asia; and iv) studies evaluating at least one defense enzyme activity. India has conducted the most research on this topic, with a total of 26 studies. Across 43 reviewed articles, 100 isolates were identified. The most frequently used Trichoderma species was T. harzianum, and the most common inoculation method was seed treatment, reported in 25 articles. Additionally, 50% of the articles conducted their studies in controlled environments. Trichoderma spp., known for enhancing plant resistance, also have the ability to increase certain physiological aspects of plants, such as defense enzyme activity. More research on changes in plant enzymes due to Trichoderma application is recommended, especially in field conditions, to assess its effectiveness in practical, real-world settings.
Biological Control Stem Rot Diseases (Sclerotium Rolfsii) on Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Indigenous Swandi, Fradilla; Sulyanti, Eri; Darnetty, Darnetty
Akta Agrosia Vol 24 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian (BPFP), Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkkulu

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Abstract

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are known to have potential as biological agents controlling plant pathogens. This study aims to obtain indigenous AMF isolates that can suppress the attack of Sclerotium rolfsii which causes stem rot disease in peanut. The method used is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments, namely A : AMF Glomus sp-3 + S. rolfsii; B: AMF Acaulospora sp + S. rolfsii; C: AMF Gigaspora sp + S. rolfsii; D: Combined AMF Glomus sp-3, Acaulospora sp, and Gigaspora sp + S. rolfsii; E: Without AMF + S. rolfsii (Control). Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using the Statistix 8 program and the Least Significance Different (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the isolates of Acaulospora sp and Gigaspora sp were able to increase the resistance of peanut plants to stem rot disease (suppressing the incidence and severity of the disease) reaching 100%. Keywords: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, indigenous, salicylic acid, Sclerotium rolfsii.
Biocontrol of Moler Diseases (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp capae (Snyder and Hans)) on Shallot with Endophytic Bacteria Resti , Zurai; Darnetty, Darnetty; Khairul , Ujang; Reflin , Reflin; Siregar , Sri Lestari Kurnia; Tores, Farah Nabila
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 3 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i3.243

Abstract

Fusarium Basal Root (FBR) disease locally known as "moler", caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepae (FOCe), poses a significant threat to Indonesian shallot cultivation, leading to yield losses of approximately 50%. Therefore, this research aims to identify endophytic bacteria with optimal capabilities to combat FOCe infection while improving shallot growth and yield. Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) consisting of seven treatments was used, including six different strains of endophytic bacteria (Bacillus cereus P14, Bacillus cereus Se07, Bacillus sp. HI, Bacillus sp. SJI, Serratia marcescens ULG1E2, and Serratia marcescens JB1E3) and a control, each treatment was replicated three times, and three plant units in each replication. The introduction of endophytic bacteria was performed through the bulb soaking method before planting, while FOCe suspension was inoculated to shallot growing media 4 weeks after planting. Parameters Variables such as moler disease development, plant growth, and shallot bulb weight were monitored. The results showed that endophytic bacteria effectively suppressed moler disease and boosted shallot growth and yield compared to the control. Specifically, S. marcescens JB1E3 showed 52.25% effectiveness in reducing moler disease severity, while S. marcescens ULG1E2 increased shallot yield by 65.50%.
Isolation and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) microscopically in the rhizosphere of peanut plants Swandi, Fradilla; Sulyanti, Eri; Darnetty, Darnetty
Open Science and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Open Science and Technology
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33292/ost.v3i2.108

Abstract

Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) merupakan jamur yang bersimbiosis dengan perakaran tumbuhan tingkat tinggi. FMA dapat berperan sebagai agen biokontrol dan biofertilizer. Studi ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis-jenis FMA pada rhizosfer tanaman kacang tanah di Nagari Sawah Tangah, Kecamatan Pariangan, Kabupaten Tanah Datar dan sebagai tahapan awal dalam pemanfaatan FMA sebagai agen biokontrol dan biofertilizer. Sebanyak lima sampel tanah diambil menggunakan teknik purposive random sampling. Sampel tanah yang diperoleh disaring menggunakan teknik penyaringan basah. Identifikasi spora FMA dilakukan hingga tingkat genus berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi, yakni bentuk, warna, serta ornamentasi spora. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa jumlah spora FMA tertinggi pada rhizosfer tanaman kacang di Nagari Sawah Tangah, Kecamatan Pariangan, Kabupaten Tanah Datar adalah dari genus Glomus (3 tipe), yakni Glomus sp-1 sebanyak 15 spora, Glomus sp-2 sebanyak 12 spora, dan Glomus sp-3 sebanyak 74 spora (total 101 spora). Jumlah tertinggi kedua adalah dari genus Acaulospora (1 tipe) sebanyak 27 spora, sementara jumlah spora FMA terendah adalah dari genus Gigaspora (1 tipe) sebanyak 9 spora per 100 gr sampel tanah. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are fungi that have a symbiotic relationship with the roots of higher plants. AMF can act both as biocontrol agent and biofertilizer. This study aims to determine the types of AMF in the rhizosphere of peanut plants in Nagari Sawah Tangah, Pariangan Subdistrict, Tanah Datar Regency, as an initial stage in the application of AMF as a biocontrol agent and biofertilizer. Five soil samples were taken using a purposive random sampling technique. The soil samples obtained were then filtered using a wet filtration technique. Identification of AMF spores was carried out at the genus level based on their morphological characteristics, namely shape, color, and spore ornamentation. The results reveal that the highest number of AMF spores in the rhizosphere of peanut plants in Nagari Sawah Tangah, Pariangan Subdistrict, Tanah Datar Regency is from the genus Glomus (3 types), namely Glomus sp-1 with 15 spores, Glomus sp-2 with 12 spores, and Glomus sp-3 with 74 spores (a total of 101 spores). The second highest number is from the genus Acaulospora (1 type) with 27 spores, and the lowest number of AMF spores is from the genus Gigaspora (1 type) with 9 spores per 100 gr of soil sample.
Respon Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Serangan Fusarium fujikuroi Penyebab Penyakit Bakanae Darnetty, Darnetty; Sulyanti, Eri
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): June 2017
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.1.1.18-23.2017

Abstract

Fusarium fujikuroi is the cause of bakanae disease in rice plants. Level of bakanae disease attack on some rice cultivation land in West Sumatra, especially in Padang Pariaman district is quite high. One effort to suppress the development of F. fujikuroi is by planting resistant varieties. In this study, 15 rice varieties originating Sumatera Barat were used to be tested for their response to F. fujikuroi attack. The purpose of this study was to obtain the varieties with the low attack rate of F. fujikuroi. Parameters observed were number of dead seeds, number of dead seedlings, number of stunted seedlings, number of seeds showing symptoms of Bakanae and total infected seeds. The results of the study indicated that symptoms of F. fujikuroi attack varied which were dead seeds, stunting seedlings, dead seedslings and bakanae. The response of rice varieties to F. fujikuroi attack was different with characterized by different levels of infection rates. Low infection rates were found in Pessel varieties (2.0%), Batang sahalai (15.5%), Cisokan (17.0%), and Batang Lembang (20%). Other varieties showed a high percentage of F. fujikuroi attacks ranging from 20% to 54.5%.
Aktivitas Insektisida Ekstrak Air Campuran Buah Piper aduncum dan Daun Tephrosia vogelii terhadap Crocidolomia pavonana Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): english Afriyanita, Afriyanita; Lina, Eka Candra; Darnetty, Darnetty
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.3.1.34-46.2019

Abstract

The botanical insecticide is alternative pest control that is feasible to be developed. The inflorescences extract of Piper aduncum and leaf extract of Tephrosia vogelii are known to have insecticidal activity. The study aimed to determine the effect of a mixture of water extract of P. aduncum inflorescences and T. vogelii leaves on C. pavonana. This test used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments (0.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 5.0%) and 5 replications. Observation parameters were larval mortality, antifeedant effect, larval development time, pupal development time, normal and abnormal pupae, and sex ratio. The mixture of water extract of P. aduncum inflorescences and T. vogelii leaves (2:1) at LC50 (3.19%) was antagonistic and at LC95 (6.07%) was additive. The mixture influenced larval mortality (81.0%), had antifeedant effect (84.5%) and prolonged larval development time 1.71 days on 2nd-3rd instars and 2.4 days on 2nd-4th instars compared to control, but there were no effect on pupal development time, number of abnormal pupae and sex ratio.
Pengendalian Fusarium fujikuroi Penyebab Penyakit Bakanae pada Padi dengan Filtrat Biakan Trichoderma harzianum: English Darnetty, Darnetty; Putri, Desi Afrida; Nelly, Novri
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.3.2.100-109.2019

Abstract

Trichoderma harzianum culture filtrate is widely used to control plant pathogenic fungi because it contains secondary metabolites which act as antifungal. This study aimed to determine the ability of T. harzianum culture filtrate at various concentrations to suppress the growth of Fusarium fujikuroi cause of bakanae disease in rice. The study consisted of 2 stages: 1. in the laboratory and 2. in the screen house using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were T. harzianum culture filtrate concentrations, namely A, 0%, B. 25%, C. 50%, D.75%, E. 100% and F. control (without filtrate and without F. fujikuroi). Parameters observed for stage I (in the laboratory) i.e. the percentage of seeds attacked by F. fujikuroi, colony thickness and colony area and parameters observed for stage 2 (in the screen house) i.e. the number of seedlings appearing, the seeds showing symptoms of bakanae, dead seeds, dead seedlings and stunting seeds. The results showed that the T. harzianum culture filtrate was able to suppress the growth of F.fujikuroi at both in the laboratory and in the screen house. The best filtrate concentration was 100% with the inhibition on the colony area of 77.38%, the number of seeds germinating of 55.78%, seeds showing bakanae of 80.06%, dead seeds of 60.09%, dead seedlings of 52.97%, and stunting seedlings of 60.09%
KETEPATAN WAKTU APLIKASI Paecilomyces lilacinus DALAM MENGENDALIKAN NEMATODA BENGKAK AKAR (Meloidogyne spp.) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT: Time Suitability of Application of Paecilomyces lilacinus in Controlling Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Tomato Winarto, Winarto; Darnetty, Darnetty; Liswarni, Yenny
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.4.1.38-44.2020

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) have been reported to be one of the primary pathogens that decreased tomato production in Indonesia. Biological control of root-knot nematodes by using parasitic fungus as like as Paecilomyces lilacinus is still limited. An effective application of parasitic fungi could be successful by managing a suitability application time. The study aimed to determine the suitability of the application time of the P.lilacinus in controlling root-knot nematodes on tomato. The study was conducted in farmers' land that was infected by root-knot nematodes. The experiment was done in a randomized block design with applying P.lilacinus isolates on 12, 8, and 4 days before planting, planting time, and 4, 8, 12 days after planting. All treatments were repeated four times. The application of P. lilacinus onto tomato root at planting time was better at suppressing the development of root-knot nematode compared to applications made before or after planting. P. lilacinus was able to suppress the number of root-knot (66.08%), the number of egg groups (77.33%), the number of eggs (26.79%), and the number of nematodes in the soil (82.20%). Keywords: Application time, Meloidogyne spp., Paecilomyces lilacinus, tomato
Bahasa Indonesia: english Ricar, Wahyu; Yunisman, Yunisman; Darnetty, Darnetty
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jpt.4.2.91-98.2020

Abstract

Controlling Crocidolomia pavonana using an insecticide derived from dishwashing detergents is economical and environmentally friendly. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Insect Bioecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, from November 2019 to March 2020. This study aimed to determine the effect of dishwashing detergent on C. pavonana crop caterpillars. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and four replications. The treatment given was the application of dishwashing detergent with different concentrations, namely: 0, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4%. The results showed that dishwashing detergent could be used as an alternative insecticide in controlling C. pavonana larvae because it can cause death and give antifeedant effect, but it did not reach the stage of inhibiting larval development. The difference in concentration did not affect the difference in larval mortality. Dishwashing detergent provided a relatively weak antifeedant effect. The higher the concentration, the higher the antifeedant effect. The inhibition of larval development occurred fluctuatively without any particular tendency. Keywords: Crop caterpillar, detergent, soap insecticide, sustainable
Co-Authors Afriyanita, Afriyanita ALBANA, HASAN Eka Candra Lina Hermaleni, Utari Khairul , Ujang Liswarni, Yenny NOVRI NELLY Nurbailis Putri, Desi Afrida Reflin , Reflin Resti , Zurai Ricar, Wahyu Siregar , Sri Lestari Kurnia Sulyanti, Eri Swandi, Fradilla Tores, Farah Nabila UJANG KHAIRUL Wihayyu, Afri Winarto Winarto Yunisman, Yunisman Zurai Resti