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All Journal CHEMPUBLISH JOURNAL Science and Technology Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Sains IJEMS (Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability) Riau Journal of Empowerment Indonesian Physical Review Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Teknik Indonesian Journal of Material Research Journal of The Physical Society of Indonesia
Arsyad, Fitri Suryani
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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The Influence of Milling on the Structural and Morphological Properties of Waste-Based Active Carbon from Rubber Seeds Using High Energy Milling (HEM) Method Arsyad, Fitri Suryani; Aprilianda; Aulia; Akmal Johan; Ihsan Alfikro; Amiruddin Supu; Ahmad, Nur; Andrivo Rusydi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.2.621-631

Abstract

The high-energy milling (HEM) synthesis method has produced activated carbon powder from rubber ore shell waste. The activated carbon was prepared using a chemical method with activation temperatures varying between 400, 500, and 600°C. Temperature optimization resulted in activated carbon with a maximum carbon content at 600°C. The activated carbon was then milled for various times: 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The crystallinity and surface morphology of the samples were then confirmed using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization. Based on the XRD graph, the percentage of structural regularity, or degree of crystallinity, of the activated carbon tended to decrease from 18.17% without milling treatment to 17.52% at 30 minutes of milling, 17.45% at 60 minutes of milling, and 17.35% at 90 minutes of milling. SEM images also show a decrease in the average pore diameter from approximately 0.45 µm to 0.20 µm with a more homogeneous intraparticle morphology structure when the milling time is increased from 30 minutes to 90 minutes. This study demonstrates the potential of rubber seed shell waste for processing into activated carbon. The HEM method can significantly reduce the grain size of activated carbon and increase its surface area and reactivity, making it more effective in applications as an adsorbent and filter.
Automation of Orchid Soil pH Using IoT-Based Soil pH Sensor (SKJ-001) Komaria, Putri Nur Hidayah; Yoanda, Alya Putri; Rahma, Diana Mauli; Ayu, Jutira; Margareta, Regi Tia; Assa’idah, Assa’idah; Arsyad, Fitri Suryani
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.1.2.98-115.2025

Abstract

The growth and development process of cymbidium orchids requires a soil pH of around 5.5–6.5. Otherwise, it will cause low nutrient absorption, resulting in yellow leaves and slow growth, while too high a pH can cause the plant's roots to die. Therefore, this study developed an IoT-based ESP32 soil pH automation design to maintain soil pH stability and reduce orchid growth and development failures due to unstable soil pH. The IoT-based ESP32 soil pH automation design allows remote monitoring of soil pH conditions via a smartphone that has downloaded the Blynk application. The soil pH automation design consists of an SKJ-001 soil pH sensor to measure soil pH, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to measure solution height, and a 5 VDC pump to circulate NaOH and HCl solutions to stabilize pH. This soil pH automation system has been tested on ten soil samples with an average accuracy of 98.606%, an average precision of 99.192%, and an average error of 0.581%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the IoT-based ESP32 soil pH automation system is effective and reliable in maintaining soil pH stability, thereby supporting optimal growth and development of cymbidium orchids.
Bioactive Metabolites in Melaleuca leucadendra Leaves Extract: Phytochemical Profilling and GC-MS Characterization for Antimicrobial Relevance Atina, Atina; Royani, Idha; Indah, Assa; Setiabudidaya, Dedi; Miksusanti, Miksusanti; Arsyad, Fitri Suryani
Chempublish Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Chempublish Journal (January - June)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v10i1.49078

Abstract

The global escalation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) necessitates the exploration of natural sources of antibacterial agents. This study examined the ethanolic leaf extract of Melaleuca leucadendra's phytochemical composition, chemical profile, and antibacterial activity. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, terpenoids, and steroids were all detected by phytochemical screening. The quantitative total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extract was 17.78 mg QE/g, while the total phenolic content (TPC) was 292.43 mg GAE/g extract. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis identified oxygenated esters (18.86%), oxygenated aromatics (15.22%), phenolic derivatives (13.44%), and flavonoids (12.86%), methoxylated aromatics and terpenoids (5.34%), phytol, and fatty acid derivatives. These metabolite classes are widely reported to exert antibacterial effects through multiple mechanisms such as membrane disruption, enzyme inactivation, and inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis. Antibacterial testing against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the agar diffusion method showed a concentration-dependent response, with the highest activity at 80% extract (15.67 ± 0.58 mm and 15.33 ± 0.58 mm inhibition zones, respectively). Raman spectroscopy confirmed the interaction between polymer molecules and secondary metabolite compounds in the extract, thereby potentially enhancing antibacterial properties. These findings highlight that the antibacterial activity of M. leucadendra is mediated by the synergistic interplay of phenolics, flavonoids, methoxylated aromatics, terpenoids, and fatty acids. The findings offer compelling proof that M. leucadendra is a viable natural source for the creation of antibacterial compounds that will lessen antibiotic resistance.
Co-Authors Aldes Lebani, Aldes Aldes Lesbani Alfahidayah, Arini Amiruddin Supu Andrivo Rusydi Aprilianda Assa'idah Assa'idah, Assa'idah Assaidah Assaidah, Assaidah Assa’idah, Assa’idah Atina Atina, Atina Aulia Ayu, Jutira Dedi Setiabudidaya Edianta, Jaya Frinsyah Virgo Hanifah, Yulizah Hijrah, Muhammad Husin, Sadam Idha Royani Ihsan Alfikro Indah, Assa Irma Suryani Ismail, Dede Ridwan Jorena Jorena, Jorena Khairul Saleh Komaria, Putri Nur Hidayah Lailaturofi'ah, Siti Liasari, Beta Riana Margareta, Regi Tia Melwita, Elda Miksusanti Miksusanti Ningtyas, Aniendita Nur Ahmad, Nur Nur’aini, Siti Octavianus Cakra Satya Putri, Bunga Indah Rahma, Diana Mauli Rakhmawati Farma Ramlan, H. Risfidian Mohadi Satria Jaya Priatna, Satria Jaya Siti Nur’Aini Siti Sailah, Siti Soerya, Balada Weanda, W Yoanda, Alya Putri Yuliana, Ayu Zulkarnain