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OPTIMISM VALUES IN RACHAEL LIPPINCOTT'S FIVE FEET APART Ananda, Syafna; Manugeren, M
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.12003

Abstract

This study, entitled Protagonist’s Optimism Values in Rachael Lippincott’s Five Feet Apart, aims to analyze the optimism values reflected through the main character, Stella Grant, using a qualitative descriptive method. The analysis focuses on how Stella’s behavior demonstrates optimism as she faces the challenges of living with cystic fibrosis. Despite her illness, Stella remains positive, adheres to her medical treatments, and strives not to burden her parents with grief. Her encounter with Will Newman—a more pessimistic patient—further shapes her understanding of life, resilience, and self-compassion. The study applies Snyder’s framework of optimism as cited in Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence, identifying five core optimism values: having expectations for recovery, persistence, self-motivation, self-confidence, and resilience. The findings reveal that Stella most strongly embodies the values of maintaining high expectations for recovery and demonstrating high self-confidence. These aspects underline the novel’s central message of hope, perseverance, and emotional strength in the face of suffering.
NARRATING LOCAL WISDOM IN ANDREA HIRATA’S GURU AINI: A CULTURAL STUDY THROUGH THE SOCIOLOGY OF LITERATURE AND INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE THEORY Asriani, Asriani; Manugeren, M
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 7, No 2: November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v7i2.12256

Abstract

This study explores local wisdom in Andrea Hirata’s novel Guru Aini using a qualitative descriptive method supported by the Sociology of Literature approach and Indigenous Knowledge Theory. The research focuses on identifying and analyzing five core values of Indonesian local wisdom portrayed in the novel: mutual cooperation (gotong royong), respect for elders, simple lifestyle, love for family, and preservation of cultural traditions. These values are explored through the characters, setting, plot, and dialogue, all of which reflect the socio-cultural life of the Belitung community. The primary data source is the 2020 edition of Guru Aini, complemented by scholarly references from previous studies. The findings clearly show that all five values of local wisdom are consistently and meaningfully present throughout the novel. Each value is embedded not only in the actions and attitudes of the characters but also in the social interactions and traditions depicted in the narrative. Thus, the novel serves both as a literary text and a cultural repository, offering insight into Indonesia’s traditional knowledge systems. This research concludes that literature, particularly novels like Guru Aini, can be a powerful medium for preserving cultural identity and transmitting ethical values. The findings demonstrate that Guru Aini portrays five values of Indonesian local wisdom through narrative structure and characterization, reinforcing literature’s role as a cultural repository and educational tool for character development.
Representations of Feminism in Linda Howard’s Cry No More: A Sara Mills Feminist Stylistics Analysis Chairani, Sri; Manugeren, M; Arafah, Burhanuddin; Purwarno, Purwarno
Lingua Susastra Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/ls.v6i2.498

Abstract

This study examines the representation of feminism in Linda Howard’s novel Cry No More using Sara Mills’ Feminist Stylistics model. Situated within the romance thriller genre, the novel offers a productive site to explore how female agency is negotiated between empowerment and vulnerability. The data consist of selected narrative units featuring the protagonist, Milla Edge, which are analyzed through lexical and syntactic categorization focusing on Subject–Object positioning and reader positioning. The analysis reveals three dominant patterns: Milla is constructed as an active Subject through high-transitivity verbs and agentic nominalizations in her role as leader of the “Finders” organization; she is simultaneously rendered an Object via passive structures and a lexicon of suffering; and key resolutions of the plot often depend on male protectors. These findings demonstrate that Milla’s agency functions as “negotiated empowerment,” thereby contributing to feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of popular fiction by showing how patriarchal norms are both challenged and reproduced at the level of linguistic choice.
A Psychological Analysis of Paranoid Personality Disorder in William Shakespeare’s Drama The Winter’s Tale Mahid, Perveen Sonia; Manugeren, M; Hidayati, Hidayati
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 8, No 1: May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v8i1.13294

Abstract

This research analyses Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) symptoms in King Leontes, the central character of William Shakespeare's drama The Winter's Tale. While previous studies have examined Shakespearean jealousy from literary perspectives, limited attention has been paid to clinical psychological analysis using established diagnostic frameworks. This study addresses that gap. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this research identifies four PPD symptoms in Leontes' behaviour: jealousy, grudge, doubting the loyalty of others, and sensitivity to criticism. The theoretical framework combines Emil Kraepelin's classification of paranoia, Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of projection, and Carl Jung's concept of the collective unconscious. The findings demonstrate that Leontes exhibits all four symptoms. His excessive jealousy toward Queen Hermione, explosive anger, loss of trust in his closest advisors, and extreme sensitivity to criticism drive him to order Hermione's imprisonment, banish his newborn daughter Perdita, and attempt to poison his best friend Polixenes. This research contributes to both literary studies and clinical psychology by demonstrating that Shakespeare's characterization of Leontes is a realistic depiction of a personality disorder, not merely a plot device. By applying Kraepelin's, Freud's, and Jung's theories to a classical literary character, this study bridges the gap between clinical psychology and literary analysis, offering a fresh perspective on The Winter's Tale that moves from literary themes of "jealousy" to a clinical understanding of "psychological breakdown."