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Pertimbangan Amerika Serikat Menjatuhkan Sanksi Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanction Act (CAATSA) ke Turki Tahun 2020 Hasnita, Hasnita; Yusra, Muhammad; Dermawan, Rifki
Palito Vol. 3 No. 01 (2024): PALITO (Politics, Humanities, Laws, International Relations and Social)
Publisher : Hubungan Internasional Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/palito.v3i01.255

Abstract

This research aims to explain and analyze the reasons behind the United States' considerations before imposing CAATSA sanctions on Turkey in 2020. The issue in this study arises when Turkey, a member of the United States military alliance, decides to engage in military cooperation with Russia concerning the purchase of the Russian S-400 missile system. As a result of this action, the United States issued a policy by excluding Turkey from the F-35 program. This US policy was sufficient to address US concerns about the Russian S-400 missile, which, according to the United States, could jeopardize their F-35 system. Considering Turkey's presence as a crucial part of the US alliance is important to counter Russian influence in the Middle East, especially in the Syrian conflict, in addition to the strained US-Turkey relations at the time. However, in 2020, the United States still imposed CAATSA sanctions on Turkey regarding the S-400 cooperation. Through the conceptual framework of Paul R. Viotti and Mark V. Kauppi, namely National Security Policy, which explains that there are four variables that influence a country's foreign policy formulation: National Interest, Threats, Opportunities, and Capabilities. Through this framework, we will explain the considerations made by the United States in imposing CAATSA sanctions on Turkey in 2020 using these four variables, allowing the author to analyze the rational reasons behind the US decision to sanction Turkey. This research employs a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis approach using secondary sources such as official government websites, expert journals, and several books on International Relations theory. The author found that the reasons for the US imposing CAATSA sanctions on Turkey include its national interests in the Middle East, the threat posed by Russia, the opportune timing for imposing sanctions as CAATSA had just been enacted into law, and the high capability of the US as a superpower to impose sanctions on its allies. Kata Kunci: United States, CAATSA, Foreign Policy, S-400 Cooperation, Turkey, F-35
Metode Radial Basis Function Neural Network Untuk Klasifikasi Kab/Kota Tertinggal Di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Ruliana, Ruliana; Rais, Zulkifli; Mar'ah, Zakiyah; Hasnita, Hasnita
VARIANSI: Journal of Statistics and Its application on Teaching and Research Vol. 5 No. 03 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Statistika Fakultas MIPA UNM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/variansiunm197

Abstract

A disadvantaged area is an area that has the characteristics of tending to be left behind compared to other areas. Radial basis function neural networks are a part of Artificial Neural Networks, which use radial basis activation functions and are commonly used in classification cases. All districts/cities in South Sulawesi province have different characteristics from other districts/cities. Therefore, districts/cities are grouped into 2 groups to identify districts/cities that have characteristics that tend to be the same based on indicators of regional underdevelopment. The grouping results are then used as actual values ​​for classification using the RBFNN method, to determine the classification results and performance of the RBFNN method. In classifying districts/cities in South Sulawesi province based on indicators of regional underdevelopment using the radial basis function neural network method, an accuracy value of 91% was obtained using a comparison of 55% training data and 45% testing data and an f-measure value of 92% was obtained
Model Fundraising LAZ Nurul Fikri dalam Meningkatakan Penghimpunan Zakat di Kalimantan Tengah Zulkifli, Zulkifli; Hasnita, Hasnita; Rusadi, Ahmad
Journal of Islamic Social Finance Management Vol 3, No 2 (2022): JULI-DESEMBER 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri Padangsidimpuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (301.995 KB) | DOI: 10.24952/jisfim.v3i2.6462

Abstract

LAZ Nurul Fikri Kalimantan Tengah sebagai pelopor gerakan perzakatan dalam bentuk kelembagaan sampai hari ini masih konsisten untuk melakukan pengeloaan zakat di Kalimantan Tengah. Namun, dalam beberapa tahun kebelakang, terjadi penurunan penghimpunan dana ZIS yang mengindikasikan adanya hambatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model fundraising LAZ Nurul Fikri Kalimantan Tengah, faktor penghambat dan faktor pendukung dalam model fundraising tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan jenis deskriptif kualitatif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini 1) model fundraising LAZ Nurul Fikri dilakukan dengan cara direct fundraising seperti zakat campaign, jemput zakat, tabungan sedekah berkah dan indirect fundraising seperti kanal berbagi melalui website, layanan transfer donasi, scan QR Code dan Media Sosial. 2) Faktor yang menjadi penghambat adalah kurangnya sumber daya manusia, adanya khilafiyah fikih zakat, kompetisi dengan LAZ Nasional. Adapun faktor pendukungnya legalistas lembaga, program yang jelas, local pride