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Journal : Journal of Indonesian Medical Laboratory and Science (JoIMedLabS)

Inhibitory Effect of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Leaf Extract on Biofilm Formation by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Ramadhan, Fahri; Nugroho, Yusuf Eko; Faizal, Imam Agus
Journal of Indonesian Medical Laboratory and Science Vol 6 No 2: Oktober 2025
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53699/joimedlabs.v6i2.294

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an opportunistic pathogen with a strong capacity for biofilm formation, which enhances resistance to antibiotics. Although nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) seeds and mace have been extensively studied, research on nutmeg leaves is limited despite their content of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids with antimicrobial potential. Objective: This study evaluated the antibiofilm activity of nutmeg leaf extract against MRSA biofilm formation in vitro. Materials and Methods: Biofilm assays were conducted using MRSA isolates. The optimal incubation time for biofilm formation was first determined, followed by treatment with nutmeg leaf extract. Results: MRSA formed optimal biofilms at 48 h (OD = 0.101 ± 0.012). Nutmeg leaf extract significantly reduced biofilm formation (OD = 0.083 ± 0.010) compared with the negative control (OD = 0.118 ± 0.009) and the positive control, tetracycline (OD = 0.096 ± 0.011) (p = 0.001). While the reduction was statistically significant, the difference from tetracycline was modest. Conclusion: Nutmeg leaf extract demonstrated significant antibiofilm activity against MRSA in vitro. These findings support its potential as a complementary natural agent for managing biofilm-associated infections, warranting further studies to isolate active compounds and assess synergistic effects with standard antibiotics.
Correlation between Neutrophil Counts and Salmonella IgM in Typhoid Fever Patients at Emanuel Hospital Banjarnegara Haryanti, Anik; Nugroho, Yusuf Eko; Faizal, Imam Agus
Journal of Indonesian Medical Laboratory and Science Vol 6 No 2: Oktober 2025
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53699/joimedlabs.v6i2.311

Abstract

Background: Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi and remains a significant public health problem in endemic regions. The incidence continues to rise annually, particularly among children. During infection, the immune system responds through both hematological and serological mechanisms, including increased neutrophil counts and the production of Immunoglobulin M (IgM). Neutrophils act as the first line of defense against bacterial invasion, while IgM is the earliest antibody produced during acute infection. Although many studies have independently examined hematological and serological parameters in bacterial infections, limited research has explored the relationship between neutrophil counts and Salmonella IgM in pediatric typhoid fever, especially in endemic areas such as Banjarnegara, Indonesia. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between neutrophil counts and Salmonella IgM results in pediatric patients with typhoid fever. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional design utilizing secondary data obtained from the Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and Laboratory Information System (LIS). Results: The results showed that 18 patients (47.4%) had normal or high neutrophil counts, while 2 patients (5.3%) had low neutrophil counts. Regarding Salmonella IgM results, 5 patients (13.2%) tested negative, whereas 33 patients (86.8%) tested positive. Conclusions: The Spearman statistical test yielded a p-value of 0.002 (p < 0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.480, indicating a significant relationship between neutrophil counts and Salmonella IgM results at Emanuel Hospital, Banjarnegara. The correlation between neutrophil counts and Salmonella IgM results is considered moderate.
Correlation between Hematocrit and Platelet Counts in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Patients: A Study at Emanuel Hospital, Banjarnegara Pancawati, Yulina; Pangesti, Ira; Nugroho, Yusuf Eko
Journal of Indonesian Medical Laboratory and Science Vol 6 No 2: Oktober 2025
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53699/joimedlabs.v6i2.312

Abstract

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Without prompt management, DHF can lead to severe complications and death. The World Health Organization (WHO) identifies thrombocytopenia and increased hematocrit as key diagnostic parameters for DHF. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the correlation between hematocrit levels and platelet counts in patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever at Emanuel Hospital, Banjarnegara. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the hospital’s Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and Laboratory Information System (LIS). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a significant negative correlation between hematocrit and platelet counts in DHF patients (r = –0.760, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings indicate that an increase in hematocrit is associated with a decrease in platelet counts, emphasizing the importance of simultaneous monitoring of both parameters in the clinical management of DHF. This study contributes to local epidemiological data and underscores the potential of these laboratory indicators as practical tools for assessing disease severity.