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Ultrasound Microwave Assisted Extraction On Citronella Leaves Using Ionic Solvent: Ultrasound Microwave Assisted Extraction Pada Daun Serai Wangi Menggunakan Pelarut Ionik Wicaksono, Akhmad Permadi; Afandi, Fadila Ardiansyah; Pujiastuti, Caecilia; Erliyanti, Nove Kartika; Panjaitan, Renova
Jurnal Rekayasa Bahan Alam dan Energi Berkelanjutan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rbaet.2024.008.01.06

Abstract

Leaves of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus L.) have pretty much essential oil. Essential oil from citronella leaves is generally extracted by conventional methods. Conventional method is still less effective. The problem can be overcome by using non-conventional methods in the form of UMAE (Ultrasound-Microwave Assisted Extraction). UMAE is an extraction process assisted by ultrasound and microwaves. NaCl solution can be used as a solvent in the UMAE method because NaCl has a large dielectric constant. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of extraction time and the addition of salt on the yield and color of essential oils produced using the UMAE. The extraction process begins with the raw material preparation stage, such as harvesting, size reduction, and drying. Then, pre-treatment was carried out using ultrasound for 5 minutes at 35oC with the addition of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% (w/v) salt. Pre-treatment results were followed by the extraction process using microwaves for 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes. The best results were obtained with the addition of 6% salt and 60 minutes of extraction time with a feed to solvent ratio of 0.1 with a yield of 1.975%. and the color is yellow.
Pengaruh Laju Alir Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Logam Berat Cr pada Limbah Industri Batik dengan Metode Ion Exchange Menggunakan Resin Amberlite IR 120Na Panjaitan, Legipson; Putri, Megawati Setiawan; Pujiastuti, Caecilia
Envirous Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Envirous
Publisher : UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/envirous.v4i1.149

Abstract

Proses pembuatan batik melewati beberapa tahap, salah satunya adalah tahap pewarnaan. Pewarna yang digunakan adalah pewarna sintetik yang tahan terhadap degradasi dan mengandung logam berat, sehingga pembuangan limbah industri batik menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya untuk mengurangi kandungan logam berat pada limbah industri batik untuk mengurangi potensi pencemaran lingkungan. Ion Exchange adalah teknik untuk memisahkan berbagai campuran ion atau molekul yang dapat terionisasi. Ion-ion ini bersaing dengan ion fase gerak untuk berikatan dengan fase diam. Pada penelitian ini limbah dari industri batik digunakan sebagai sampel yang diukur kandungan logamnya dan penukar ion digunakan resin Amberlite IR 120Na. Pada penelitian ini digunakan pompa untuk mengalirkan sampel melalui kolom penukar ion dengan ketinggian resin 20 cm menggunakan variasi laju alir 50 ml/menit. 100 mL/menit; 150 mL/menit; 200 mL/menit; dan 250 mL/menit. Limbah yang sudah melewati kolom penukar ion diukur kadar logam Cr yang tersisa. Kondisi terbaik penurunan logam Cr diperoleh pada laju alir 50 ml/menit, laju reduksi logam Cr mencapai 97,33%. Kandungan logam hasil Cr setelah proses ion exchange memenuhi baku mutu.
Pembuatan Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat Dengan Bahan Baku Cangkang Telur Ayam Dan Asam Nitrat Hamzah, Maditya Amirul; Zain, Tama Rahmandha; Sumada, Ketut; Pujiastuti, Caecilia
Envirous Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Envirous
Publisher : UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/envirous.v4i1.151

Abstract

Cangkang Telur Ayam sebagai bahan baku utama karena ketersediaanya melimpah dan cangkang telur ayam banyak mengandung kalsium karbonat. Pada penelitian ini yang berjudul Pembuatan Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat dengan menggunakan cangkang telur ayam dan Asam Nitrat yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat yang memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia dan untuk menentukan pengaruh volume asam nitrat dan waktu reaksi terhadap kualitas Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat. Hasil penelitian ini volume dan waktu reaksi berpengaruh pada hasil Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat yang dihasilkan dimana semakin banyak volume asam nitrat yang ditambahkan maka semakin banyak juga cangkang telur ayam yang bereaksi maka kadar kalsium pada pupuk juga besar. Pengaruh waktu reaksi pada penelitian ini yaitu jika semakin lama waktu reaksi maka kadar nitrat pada Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat akan semakin besar sedangkan kadar kalsium pada Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat akan semakin kecil. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu hasil Analisa XRF menunjukan bahwa kandungan kalsium karbonat pada cangkang telur ayam yaitu 91.2%. Pada penelitian ini juga di dapatkan kondisi terbaik dengan kondisi waktu reaksi 50 menit dan volume asam nitrat sebagai pelarut 30 ml yaitu kadar kalsium sebesar 82% dan kandungan nitrat 9.1%. Dari hasil tersebut Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat belum memenuhi Standart Nasional Indonesia (SNI) terutama pada kandungan nitrat.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Essential Oil as a Bioreductor Erliyanti, Nove Kartika; Wira, Guardiola Rosa; Maharani, Hijria Putri; Pujiastuti, Caecilia; Panjaitan, Renova
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 20, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2025)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v20i1.44324

Abstract

The development of environmentally friendly methods for nanoparticle synthesis has gained increasing attention. Black pepper essential oil contains secondary metabolites that act as both reducing and stabilizing agents, making it a promising green alternative in silver nanoparticle (AgNP) synthesis. This study aims to investigate the effect of pH and synthesis time on the yield and characteristics of AgNP synthesized using black pepper essential oil via the sonochemical method. AgNP synthesis was carried out using the sonochemical method by adding black pepper essential oil to a silver nitrate solution. AgNP were synthesized at pH levels of 8, 9, and 10 with reaction times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The obtained AgNP were analyzed for yield, UV-Vis absorbance, and particle size distribution. The results demonstrated that yield increased with higher pH and longer synthesis time, reaching a maximum of 58.12% at pH 10 and 90 minutes. UV-Vis analysis confirmed the presence of AgNP with absorption peaks between 400500 nm. The particle size ranged from 9.66 to 348 nm, indicating size variability influenced by synthesis conditions. These findings highlight the potential of black pepper essential oil as a green and sustainable approach for AgNP synthesis, offering eco-friendly benefits for various applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Phosphate Using Two Stages of Process Anggoro, Achmad Rahditya Viman; Arianti, Rahma Dea Rerindra; Pujiastuti, Caecilia; Sumada, Ketut; Muljani, Srie
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June 2024 )
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v19i1.37829

Abstract

Calcium phosphate, a naturally occurring biomaterial found in human and animal bones and teeth, possesses desirable properties such as strength, biocompatibility, and the ability to stimulate tissue growth. This study investigates the synthesis of calcium phosphate through a precipitation method without calcination. The process involves dissolving raw materials in phosphoric acid, followed by precipitation using KOH as the precipitating agent. The resulting precipitate was then calcined for 3 hours. The calcium phosphate product was characterized using XRF, XRD, and SEM-EDX techniques. The results indicate a Ca-P molar ratio ranging from 1.855 to 2.302, with the predominant phase identified as -calcium pyrophosphate. SEM analysis reveals a plate-like morphology with agglomerated particles ranging in size from 888 nm to 7.79 m. The synthesized calcium phosphate holds potential for various biomedical applications due to its unique properties and composition.
Optimization Approach of Microwave Assisted Extraction Anthocyanins Pigments Butterfly Pea Flowoers (Clitoria Ternatea L.) Using OFAT (One-Factor-At-a-Time) Method Aththobarani, Muhammad Daffa'; Priyanto, Anugerah Dany; Putra, Andre Yusuf Trisna; Wicaksono, Luqman Agung; Erliyanti, Nove Kartika; Panjaitan, Renova; Pujiastuti, Caecilia; Triani, Nova
AGRITEPA: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 12 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UNIVED Press, Dehasen University Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37676/agritepa.v12i1.8268

Abstract

Optimization of anthocyanin pigment extraction from butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) is an important focus to increase the efficiency of obtaining valuable active compounds. This study marks an initial approach in the application of Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) using 0.75% aquadest-tartaric acid solvent, with the hope of producing more stable anthocyanins. The main objectives of this study were to identify the effect of the solvent-material ratio, extraction duration, and MAE power level on anthocyanin levels (mg/L) through the One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) method. The results showed that the optimal treatment was obtained at condition P17, with a solvent-material ratio of 1:15, an extraction time of 15 minutes, and an MAE power of 450 watts, which produced an anthocyanin level of 33.89 ± 0.47 mg/L. These findings confirm that increasing the solvent-material ratio to the optimal point contributes to increasing anthocyanin recovery. However, excessive MAE time and power can cause pigment degradation. The optimal ratio variables were found to be in the range of 1:15 to 1:25, extraction time 9–15 minutes, and MAE power 270–450 watts. This study is expected to be the basis for further optimization using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method which allows for deeper analysis of the interactions between variables.
Synthesis of Tilapia Feed From a Mixture of Tarum Leaves (Indigosfera sp) and Fermented Shrimp Waste by EM-4 Probiotics Hidayah, Bimantara; Alwansyah, Yuki Amru; Erliyanti, Nove Kartika; Pujiastuti, Caecilia
Jurnal IPTEK Vol 27, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya (ITATS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.iptek.2023.v27i1.4120

Abstract

Feed is the most important thing in doing a tilapia fish farming. In a feed required appropriate and balanced nutritional content so that fish growth becomes faster. Shrimp waste and tarum leaves are an alternative raw material for the manufacture of tilapia feed because they have a fairly high protein content. The purpose of this study was to examine the comparative effect of adding the percentage of tarum leaf meal and EM-4 fermented shrimp waste on water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, and crude fiber content of feed. The research method used is using the EM-4 fermentation process on shrimp waste. The variations carried out were the concentration of the addition of EM-4 (14,16,18,20, and 22 ml) and the percentage of addition of Wet Shrimp Waste (WSW) and Tarum Leaf Powder (TLP) (90%WSW + 10%TLP, 80%WSW + 20%TLP, 70%WSW + 30%TLP, 60%WSP + 40%TLP, and 50%WSW + 50%TLP). The results showed that the addition of fermented WSW EM-4 and TLP had a significant effect on the protein, fat and crude fiber content, while the water and ash content did not have a significant effect. The best tilapia feed formulation results were obtained at a ratio of 60% WSW and 40% TLP using 18 ml of EM-4 with the results obtained for water, ash, protein, fat and crude fiber content each of 7.09%. ; 12.59%; 29.98%; 7.45%; and 3.49%.
Study on Microcrystalline Cellulose Derived from Cassava Stems with Variables of Sulfuric Acid Concentration and Hydrolysis Temperature Rizqullah, Rafitrah; Fadilah, Muhammad; Pujiastuti, Caecilia
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 9 No 3 (2025): G-Tech, Vol. 9 No. 3 July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v9i3.7457

Abstract

This study develops a method for producing microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from cassava stem waste, aiming to reduce dependence on imported cellulose and promote the utilization of agricultural residues. Cassava stems contain a high cellulose fraction and hold potential as a raw material for pharmaceutical-grade MCC. This study investigates the effects of sulfuric acid concentration and hydrolysis temperature on the yield and quality of the resulting MCC. The production process consists of three main stages: delignification using 25% sodium hydroxide, bleaching with 2% hydrogen peroxide, and acid hydrolysis using sulfuric acid at concentrations ranging from 1.5 N to 3.5 N and temperatures between 60°C and 100°C. The resulting MCC was characterized using Particle Size Analysis (PSA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and organoleptic testing. The best results were obtained at 1.5 N sulfuric acid and 60°C, yielding 68.24% MCC with a cellulose content of 63.07%. PSA results showed particle sizes of approximately 25.3 µm, which comply with pharmacopeial standards. XRD and SEM analyses confirmed good crystallinity and appropriate morphology. This study demonstrates that cassava stems can be processed into MCC that meets key specifications of the British Pharmacopeia, offering a low-cost and sustainable raw material for industrial and pharmaceutical applications.
Modernization of hydroponic farming using rice husk for community food security in Karang Langit, Lamongan Pujiastuti, Caecilia; Muchamad, Raka Selaksa Charisma; Rohmah, Aisyah Alifatul Zahidah; Chakim, M. Ghufron; Fajrin, Alifah Nur Aini; Rizal, Achmad; Azka, Salsabilla
Community Empowerment Vol 10 No 8 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ce.14476

Abstract

Rice husk waste is an abundant agricultural byproduct in Karang Langit Village, Lamongan, but its utilization is still limited, posing a potential environmental problem. This community service program aims to modernize agricultural practices by utilizing rice husk as a hydroponic growing medium to support food security and promote a circular economy. The methods applied include community coordination, carbonization of rice husks, preparation of the hydroponic system, and both theoretical and practical hands-on training. Evaluation results show a significant increase in participants’ knowledge by 32%. A total of 85% of participants successfully prepared a viable rice-husk-based growing medium, and 75% were able to cultivate and harvest leafy vegetables in the trial phase. Additionally, a farmer group was formed and is committed to independently continuing hydroponic practices after the program’s conclusion. These results confirm that utilizing rice husk as a hydroponic medium not only enhances community skills and self-sufficiency but also opens new economic opportunities. This model is recommended for replication in other agricultural areas to support local food security and environmental sustainability.
Synthesis of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Rice Husk Using Nitric Acid Hydrolysis Fernanda, Moza Ayu; Novianah, Delia Indah; Siswati, Nana Dyah; Pujiastuti, Caecilia
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 13 No 2 (2025): Edition for September 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.13-moz

Abstract

Rice husk residue has excellent potential as a raw material for making cellulose nanocrystals because of its relatively high cellulose content. This research focuses on determining the most effective hydrolysis conditions, especially the reaction time and nitric acid (HNO₃) content, in the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals. This study also aims to determine the effect of variations in nitric acid concentration and hydrolysis time on the amount of product produced (yield) and the final size of cellulose nanocrystals. The process of making these nanocrystals involves three main stages, namely the removal of lignin using a 17,5% NaOH solution, followed by annealing using a 10% H₂O₂ solution, and finally breaking the cellulose bonds (acid hydrolysis) with a concentrated nitric acid solution of between 2% and 6% for different time periods (30 to 15 minutes). Product characterization using FT-IR and SEM has been carried out to confirm the presence of cellulose and determine the size of the nanocrystals formed. Experimental results show that the smallest cellulose crystal size achieved is between 0,93 to 65,10 μm, which was obtained through hydrolysis using 6% nitric acid for 150 minutes.
Co-Authors Achmad Rizal Afandi, Fadila Ardiansyah Alwansyah, Yuki Amru Amanda, Nabila Ayu Angelia Tantyono Anggoro, Achmad Rahditya Viman Anggraeni, Verendria Putri Caesar Annisa Anwar, Miranda Anugerah Dany Priyanto, Anugerah Dany Arianti, Rahma Dea Rerindra Arief S, Purwanto Aththobarani, Muhammad Daffa' Azka, Salsabilla Betafachreza, Aditya Fadhilaskha Chakim, M. Ghufron Djarwatiningsih, Djarwatiningsih Egita Yulisningtyas Erfani, Rif’atul Firda Erlinda, Riska Melati Erliyanti, Nove Erliyanti, Nove Kartika Fadilah, Muhammad Fajrin, Alifah Nur Aini Fernanda, Moza Ayu Hafiza, Putri Nur Hamzah, Maditya Amirul Hidayah, Bimantara Ira Pareira Ketut Sumada Caecillia Pujiastuti Kindriari Nurma Wahyusi Kusuma, Prasdinata Meidaus Lisa Rizky Amalia Maharani, Hijria Putri Moenandar, Siswanto Monica, Clarissa Putri Muchamad, Raka Selaksa Charisma Muhammad Septianto Nana Dyah Siswati, Anwar Zain and Mohammad Ni Ketut Sari Nofitasari, Luluk Novianah, Delia Indah Panjaitan, Legipson Panjaitan, Renova Pertiwi, Beta Cahaya Pradana, Alfian Rizki Puput Srianah, Puput Srianah Puspitasari, Indah Maharani Putra, Andre Yusuf Trisna Putra, Andreansyah Brilliant Putra, Boni Mulia Putra, Sandy Buana Putri, Megawati Setiawan Rachmawati, Fadiatul Rizqullah, Rafitrah Rohmah, Aisyah Alifatul Zahidah Royyan, Irham Alva Soemargono Soemargono SRIE MULJANI Suprianti, Lilik Suprihatin Susilowati Susilowati Syahrani, Alza Nadilla triani, nova Trianna, Nurul Widji Wicaksono, Akhmad Permadi Widya P, Vika Wira, Guardiola Rosa Yustina Ngatila Yustina Ngatilah Zain, Tama Rahmandha