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IDENTIFICATION OF THERAPY PROFILE AND FACTORS RELATED TO INCIDENCE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN DENPASAR BALI Annisa Hanum; Jaya, Made Krisna Adi; I Made Bakta
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p01

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is a problem for millions of people around the world. Indonesia as the second biggest country with the highest number of Pulmonary Tuberculosis that treatment has improved gradually. Denpasar is a city with the highest sufferers in Bali. It’s caused by the high rate of population, dense human settlement, and other related factors. Objective: Profiling incident and pulmonary tuberculosis treatment in Denpasar City primary health care. Methods: Observational study with cross-sectional analytic approaches. Forty pulmonary tuberculosis patients and One hundred twenty non-tuberculosis patients were observed in this study. Those were taken by multistage random sampling. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires. A Chi-Square test was used for analyzing data. Results: Pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers are in productive ages which 65% were men. The treatment profile was excellently seen from the final treatment results of 31 people recovered and 9 people with complete treatment. Factors that have a statistical relation with pulmonary tuberculosis were occupation (p=0,012), income (p=0.003), smoking behavior (p=0.001), and contact history (p=0.001). The other factors with no relationship were education (p=0.270) and occupancy density (p=0.540). Conclusion: Pay attention to the caused factors of tuberculosis infection; society is suggested to implement a healthy lifestyle, maintain home sanitation, and environment. Keywords: Factor Related; Pulmonary; Tuberculosis; Primary Health Care; Denpasar City
Digitalization of HYPOGLYRISK and Evaluation of Its Utility for Pharmacist-Led Hypoglycemia Risk Assessment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Jaya, Made Krisna Adi; Ikawati, Zullies; Rahmawati, Fita; Yasin, Nanang Munif; Putra, I Gusti Ngurah Anom Cahyadi
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 12 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento (In progress)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v12i1.13619

Abstract

Background: We developed a tool for pharmacists to facilitate screening of medication-related hypoglycemia risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), called HYPOGLYRISK. Although this instrument has been validated and proven reliable, the paper-based version was considered inefficient and prone to human error during routine screening.Objective: This study aimed to digitalize HYPOGLYRISK and evaluate its utility compared with the printed version.Methods: A mixed-method study design combining software development and a quasi-experimental trial was used. In the development stage, the application was created using Android Studio and validated through Black Box Testing and User Acceptance Testing (UAT). In the trial stage, 46 pharmacists participated and were divided into two groups using either the digital or paper-based HYPOGLYRISK to assess simulated ambulatory T2DM patients representing different hypoglycemia risk categories. The primary outcome was assessment time efficiency, while the secondary outcome was the potential for human error. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and relative risk analysis.Results: The digital HYPOGLYRISK demonstrated significantly shorter assessment time compared with the conventional version (p<0.05) and reduced the probability of scoring errors by 3.3 times (p<0.05). The digital application also provided additional advantages, including efficiency, scalability, ease of use, rapid data access, and simplified data management.Conclusion: These findings suggest that digital HYPOGLYRISK can enhance pharmacist-led hypoglycemia risk assessment among ambulatory patients with T2DM.