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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Indonesian Journal on Computing (Indo-JC) Heart Science Journal Jurnal Klinik dan Riset Kesehatan
Rizal, Ardian
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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The Effect of Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in RAW 264.7 Cells on Nitric Oxide Release and Cell Viability Suprapto, Ratih Paramita; Kusumastuty, Inggita; Rizal, Ardian; Adi Nugroho, Dwi
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.02.2

Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of a gram-negative bacterial wall that is widely used and well-established to induce inflammation in vitro. In addition, the in vitro model using RAW 264.7 cells is the most commonly applied in screening the anti-inflammatory and elucidating the pathophysiology of inflammation-based disease, as well.  However, there is still limited data on the efficacy of different doses of LPS in inducing inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and safety of LPS at various doses in RAW 264.7 cells. RAW 264.7 cells were exposed to LPS at different dose ranges (10ng/mL-10µg/mL) for 24 hours. The nitric oxide (NO) release as inflammatory responses and viability test were evaluated using Griess assay and CCK-8 assays, respectively. The result showed that NO production was increased at different doses of LPS compared to the control although not significant. Whereas, All LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells tended to increase but not significantly compared to the control groups. This study showed that the LPS treatment effectively induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells as shown by NO production and was considerably safe as the viability was comparable between LPS and control group for RAW cells 264.7 at least up to 10µg/mL for 24 hours.
Personalized assessment and management of patients with coexisting supraventricular tachycardia and coronary artery disease: A case series Bahar, Mokhamad Aswin; Rizal, Ardian
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Pa
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.23

Abstract

Background: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are common cardiovascular diseases that can exist simultaneously, complicating diagnosis and treatment. This case series aims to present clinical scenarios and management strategies in patients with both conditions, emphasizing the decision-making process between ablation and revascularization. Case Presentations: Three male patients, between 51 and 63 years old, presented with recurrent palpitations which sometimes accompanied by chest discomfort or exertional dyspnea. All patients had cardiovascular risk factors. Angiography revealed either multivessel CAD or a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed different tachyarrhythmias which included atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrial tachycardia (AT), and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. The management strategies depended on the main clinical issue present. The treatment of patients with significant ischemia involved PCI with drug-eluting stents (DES) to achieve both symptom relief and rhythm stabilization. On the contrary, when arrhythmia was the main driver of symptoms, catheter ablation successfully eliminated the tachyarrhythmia and enhanced the quality of life. Conclusions: Adequate diagnosis of arrhythmia, its underlying mechanisms, substrates, and triggers by use of electrophysiological study is crucial for well-adapted, multidisciplinary selection of intervention—catheter ablation, PCI, or both—as key to clinical best results.
When bones meet blood vessels: BMP-2 expression and vascular calcification in a rat model of metabolic syndrome Sihotang, Fransiska Anggreni; Rohman, Muhammad Saifur; Satrijo, Budi; Sargowo, Djanggan; Rizal, Ardian
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): The Evolving Landscape of Heart Failure
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.02.14

Abstract

Background: Vascular calcification (VC) is a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity, particularly in conditions like metabolic syndrome (MetS). Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is implicated in the osteogenic differentiation of vascular cells, potentially linking MetS to VC. Objective: This study aimed to investigate aortic BMP-2 expression and the presence of VC in a rat model of MetS and assess the effects of Metformin, Empagliflozin, and a green tea/green coffee extract combination. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with MetS using a high-fat, high-sucrose diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin injection (30 mg/kgBW). Rats were divided into five groups (n=5): Normal control (NORM), MetS (METS), MetS + Metformin (MFN, 500 mg/kgBW), MetS + Empagliflozin (EMP, 30 mg/kgBW), and MetS + GTCE (300 mg/kgBW green tea + 200 mg/kgBW green coffee). Treatments were administered daily via oral gavage for 9 weeks. Result: Aortic tissue was collected for histological analysis and qRT-PCR to measure relative BMP-2 mRNA expression. Histological analysis revealed calcification in the aortic wall of the METS group rats. Compared to the NORM group, BMP-2 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in the METS group (p<0.001). Treatment with MFN, EMP, and GTCE significantly downregulated BMP-2 mRNA expression compared to the METS group (p<0.001 for all). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that MetS induction in this rat model might promotes aortic calcification and significantly increases BMP-2 mRNA expression. Pharmacological interventions with Metformin, Empagliflozin, and green tea/coffee extract attenuated the MetS-induced upregulation of BMP-2 expression. These findings suggest a potential role for BMP-2 in MetS-associated vascular changes.
Co-Authors Adi Nugroho, Dwi Adi, Andi Wahjono Alfata, Fandy Hazzy Anjarwani, Setyasih Arif Wicaksono Astiawati, Tri Aziz, Indra Jabbar Bahar, Mokhamad Aswin Baskoro, Shalahuddin Suryo Cholid Tri Tjahjono Cik, Kahadi Djanggan Sargowo Dwigustiningrum, Nur Kaputrin Fikry, Maurice Fransiska Anggreni Sihotang Galuh, Lukitasari Ayu Haryati, Lina Indra Prasetya Inggita Kusumastuty Kahadi, Cik Kaputrin, Nur Karolina, Wella Kurnianingsih, Novi Kurniawan, Dea Arie Laitupa, Fitranti Suciati Lestari, Puspa Martini, Heny Miftah Pramudyo Mohammad Saifur Rohman Muhammad Saifur Rohman Noverike, Nikhen Nugraha, Krishna Ari Nugraha, Yudha Tria Putri, Valerinna Yogibuana Swastika Rahimah, Anna Fuji Rochmawati, Icmi Dian Saerang, Gebryel Dennis Saputri, Vemmy Lian Satria Mandala Satrijo, Budi Satwikajati, Sawitri Setiawan, Dion Suprapto, Ratih Paramita Suprayoga, Imam Mi'raj Titin Andri Wihastuti Widito, Sasmojo Wikananda, Adhika Prastya Yoga Waranugraha Yogibuana, Valerinna