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Oil Palm Empty Bunch Compost as a Source of Humic Acid Irma D. Oktavianta; Gusrizal Gusrizal; Nurlina Nurlina
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Humic acid is a fraction of humic compounds that are part of soil organic matter. In this research, humic acid is extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches compost. Compost is made from the process of counting the empty oil palm bunches, which are composted until the compost is cooked. The humic acid extraction process uses a strong base extraction method. The principle of humic acid extraction is to dissolve the humic compound with a base solution and then separate it by adding an acid solution (HCl solution). The extraction of humic acid from oil palm empty fruit bunches compost produced blackish-brown humic acid with a yield of 4.895%. The result showed that the main functional group content of palm oil empty fruit bunches compost humic acid was the -OH group and phenol group which had a conjugated carbonyl group and a more aliphatic humic acid structure. Quantitatively, the functional groups of humic acid functional groups each amounted to a total acidity of 7,400 cmol/kg, a carboxylic group of 520 cmol/kg, and a phenolic -OH group content of 6,880 cmol/kg. Research results show that oil palm empty fruit bunches compost can be used as a source of humic acid.

Flavonoid Compounds of the Catechin from Wungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) Leaves and the Sun Protecting Factor Value Masyita Masyita; Endah Sayekti; Nurlina Nurlina
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

The flavonoid content in wungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.) leaves has the potential as a sunscreen. The study aims to identify isolates of flavonoid compounds from wungu leaves and determine the SPF value. Steps are followed by extraction, fractionation, phytochemical test, separation by chromatography, identification, and SPF test. Extraction was carried out with methanol, followed by fractionation with n-hexane and dichloromethane. Dichloromethane fraction was chosen to proceed to the separation step because the results of the phytochemical test showed a vigorous color intensity for the content of flavonoids. The isolate (3.6 mg; dark green; amorphous; mp. 132-136 °C) was identified using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer using methanol as a solvent with a shift reagent NaOH, AlCl3, and a mixture of concentrated AlCl3 and HCl. Based on the UV-Vis spectra, the isolate was predicted to be flavonoid compounds belonging to the catechin group, which have a hydroxyl group at positions C-3, C-7, and do not have an ortho-hydroxy group in ring B. The SPF value of the isolate of 2.3244 at 100 ppm was determined in vitro and calculated by the Qian equation. Therefore, isolate was categorized as sunscreens that provided minimal protection

Oil Palm Empty Bunch Compost as a Source of Humic Acid Irma D. Oktavianta; Gusrizal Gusrizal; Nurlina Nurlina
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2020.v9.i4.pp205-212

Humic acid is a fraction of humic compounds that are part of soil organic matter. In this research, humic acid is extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches compost. Compost is made from the process of counting the empty oil palm bunches, which are composted until the compost is cooked. The humic acid extraction process uses a strong base extraction method. The principle of humic acid extraction is to dissolve the humic compound with a base solution and then separate it by adding an acid solution (HCl solution). The extraction of humic acid from oil palm empty fruit bunches compost produced blackish-brown humic acid with a yield of 4.895%. The result showed that the main functional group content of palm oil empty fruit bunches compost humic acid was the -OH group and phenol group which had a conjugated carbonyl group and a more aliphatic humic acid structure. Quantitatively, the functional groups of humic acid functional groups each amounted to a total acidity of 7,400 cmol/kg, a carboxylic group of 520 cmol/kg, and a phenolic -OH group content of 6,880 cmol/kg. Research results show that oil palm empty fruit bunches compost can be used as a source of humic acid.

Flavonoid Compounds of the Catechin from Wungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) Leaves and the Sun Protecting Factor Value Masyita Masyita; Endah Sayekti; Nurlina Nurlina
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2022.v11.i1.pp31-38

The flavonoid content in wungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.) leaves has the potential as a sunscreen. The study aims to identify isolates of flavonoid compounds from wungu leaves and determine the SPF value. Steps are followed by extraction, fractionation, phytochemical test, separation by chromatography, identification, and SPF test. Extraction was carried out with methanol, followed by fractionation with n-hexane and dichloromethane. Dichloromethane fraction was chosen to proceed to the separation step because the results of the phytochemical test showed a vigorous color intensity for the content of flavonoids. The isolate (3.6 mg; dark green; amorphous; mp. 132-136 °C) was identified using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer using methanol as a solvent with a shift reagent NaOH, AlCl3, and a mixture of concentrated AlCl3 and HCl. Based on the UV-Vis spectra, the isolate was predicted to be flavonoid compounds belonging to the catechin group, which have a hydroxyl group at positions C-3, C-7, and do not have an ortho-hydroxy group in ring B. The SPF value of the isolate of 2.3244 at 100 ppm was determined in vitro and calculated by the Qian equation. Therefore, isolate was categorized as sunscreens that provided minimal protection

Reduksi minyak, lemak, dan bahan organik limbah rumah makan menggunakan grease trap termodifikasi karbon aktif T A Zaharah; Nurlina Nurlina; R RE Moelyani
Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management) JPLB, Vol 1, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Kerjasama Pusat Studi Lingkungan (BKPSL) se-Indonesia bekerjasama dengan Pusat Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup IPB (PPLH-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36813/jplb.1.3.25-33

Minyak dan lemak termasuk dalam kategori limbah organik yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Grease trap dapat memisahkan minyak dan lemak dari limbah, sehingga tidak menggumpal dan membeku yang dapat membuat pipa tersumbat. Pada penelitian ini, grease trap dimodifikasi dengan karbon aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efisiensi penggunaan grease trap yang dimodifikasi dengan karbon aktif untuk mereduksi minyak, lemak dan bahan organik dari limbah rumah makan. Penelitian ini dimulai dari preparasi karbon aktif, kemudian dilanjutkan ke tahapan persiapan alat, optimasi alat dan uji kinerja alat grease trap termodifikasi karbon aktif. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, air limbah hasil output dari grease trap mengandung 1217,6 mg/L COD; 645 mg/L BOD; 156 mg/L TSS; dan 88,45 mg/L minyak dan lemak. Kandungan air limbah hasil output grease trap yang dimodifikasi dengan kolom sepanjang 10 cm yang berisi karbon aktif adalah COD 2,5 mg/L; BOD 19 mg/L; TSS 3,4 mg/L; minyak dan lemak tidak terdeteksi. Penggunaan kolom yang diisi dengan karbon aktif untuk dimodifikasi pada alat grease trap ternyata mampu menurunkan konsentrasi BOD, COD, TSS, minyak dan lemak dari limbah hingga ke nilai baku mutu air limbah bagi usaha dan/atau kegiatan domestik.

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