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Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Nelayan Pulau Kabung dalam Memanfaatkan Limbah Perkebunan sebagai Minyak Atsiri Agus Yuliono; Warsidah Warsidah; Ikha Safitri; Anthoni B Aritonang; Mega Sari Juane Soafiana; Shifa Helena
MATAPPA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Volume 4 Nomor 3 Tahun 2021
Publisher : STKIP Andi Matappa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31100/matappa.v4i1.1166

Pulau Kabung terletak di Kabupaten Bengkayang, Kalimantan Barat dengan jumlah penduduk 600 orang yang memiliki mata pencaharian utama sebagai nelayan. Kondisi cuaca yang ekstrim dengan gelombang tinggi mengakibatkan penurunan produktivitas hasil tangkapan, sehingga masyarakat melakukan aktivitas berkebun dengan memanfaatkan lahan yang ada. Cengkeh dan Pala merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki banyak manfaat di berbagai bidang. Namun, daun cengkeh yang berguguran dan limbah hasil pengolahan daging buah pala belum banyak dimanfaatkan dan cenderung menjadi sampah. Pelatihan pembuatan minyak atsiri dalam memanfaatkan limbah perkebunan telah dilaksanakan sebagai upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat. Dalam satu kali produksi membutuhkan bahan baku 200 kg dan proses destilasi selama 3-4 jam. Penyulingan daun cengkeh menghasilkan 4-5 L minyak, sedangkan daging pala menghasilkan 2-4 L. Minyak pala dijual dengan harga Rp. 20.000/botol ukuran 8 mL atau Rp. 750.000/L.

KARAKTERISASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ASAP CAIR TERHADAP KANDUNGAN PROKSIMAT IKAN TERI (CHARACTERIZATION AND ACTIVITY OF LIQUID SMOKE ON PROXIMATE CONTENTS OF ACHOVY FISH) Nita Wahyu Pratama; Mega Sari J Sofiana; Anthoni B Aritonang
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 4, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Coconut shell liquid smoke has been made from coconut shells by pyrolysis method at a temperature of 150 °C for 4 hours. Liquid smoke purified by adsorption using activated charcoal. The test results showed that activated charcoal could bring down the conciseness to become odourless and the color of liquid smoke from dark chocolate to yellowish-brown. The composition of the liquid smoke compound was determined by using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) consisting of 33.60% methylamine-D2 and 31.14% acetic acid as the dominant compounds. A solution of liquid smoke in water (6.0% v / v) was used for activity testing to the content of proximate by immersing fresh anchovy at room temperature with closed conditions for seven days. The results of the proximate test observed as follows: the water content tended to decrease, the highest on day 1 (11.56%) and the lowest on the 7th day (7.38%), the ash content tends to increase, the highest on the 7th day (9, 76%) and the lowest on the 1st day (6.52%), the fat content tends to increase, the highest on the 7th day (20.19%) and the lowest on the 1st day (9.72%) and the protein content is an increase, namely the highest on the 7th day (14.02%) and the lowest on the 1st day (10.20%). The water content decrease caused the ash content was increased as an indication of an enhancement in mineral content in the anchovy sample. Likewise, the water content decrease caused the higher fat content. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the liquid smoke produced from coconut shells purified by the activated charcoal is very promising as a foodstuffs preservative.

KANDUNGAN TOTAL FENOL DALAM EKSTRAK METANOL DAN ETIL ASETAT Caulerpa racemosa (TOTAL PHENOL CONTENTS IN METHANOL AND ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF Caulerpa racemosa) ilmauwati Qurniasih; Ikha Safitri; Anthoni B. Aritonang; Warsidah Warsidah; Shifa Helena
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 5, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Caulerpa racemosa belongs to Chlorophyceae grow abundantly along Indonesian waters, including Kabung Island, West Kalimantan. This species has important role and is able to synthesize a wide range of bioactive compounds that are potential to be developed. However, their existence have not been used optimally. This study aims to determine the bioactive compound and evaluate total phenol contents in methanol and ethyl acetate of C. racemosa from Kabung Island. The methods in this study were maceration, phytochemicals, and Folin-Ciocalteau using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The result showed that methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of C. racemosa contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, and tannins. Thus, the total phenol content in ethyl acetate extracts was 0.077817 mgGAE/g while in methanol extract was 0.05682 mgGAE/g, respectively. This value was classified as low category.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue using Fe2O3-TiO2/Kaolinite under Visible Light Illumination Anthoni Batahan Aritonang; Hanopa Selpiana; Muhammad Agus Wibowo; Warsidah warsidah; Adhitiawarman Adhitiawarman
JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) Vol 7, No 3 (2022): JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jkpk.v7i3.66567

Combining TiO2 and a semiconductor with a smaller band gap, such as Fe2O3, to form a heterojunction composite can increase its photocatalytic activity. In this work, the Fe2O3-TiO2/kaolinite composites were successfully synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted coprecipitation using titanium-tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) dan Fe (NO3)3.9H2O as precursors. Using kaolinite as a matrix also increases the photocatalyst’s surface area. The obtained Fe2O3-TiO2/kaolinite composites were characterized. The crystal phase was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction and resulted in anatase with a crystallite size average of 9,7 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) shows the peak at a wavenumber 574-1210 cm−1 ascribed TiO2 and Fe2O3 incorporated into kaolinite. The Optical properties show the absorption edge of Fe2O3-TiO2/kaolinite is redshift toward the visible light region. The result showed that the photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3-TiO2/kaolinite composites with heterostructure was more active than the corresponding Fe2O3 or pure TiO2 in the degradation of methylene blue under visible light illumination, which can degrade 83% for 180 minutes. Fe2O3 and kaolinite cause its synergistic effect as supporting materials. Furthermore, it indicates that the recombination of photo hole and photoelectron charge pair can be minimized. The Fe2O3-TiO2/kaolinite composite is a promising photocatalyst to degrade organic pollutants for wastewater treatment.

Analysis of Lead (Pb) Heavy Metal Content in Tengkuyung Snail (Cerithidea obtuse) and Sediment in the Kuala Mangrove Area of Singkawang City Rafdinal Rafdinal; Riza Linda; Gusti eva Tavita; Bambang Kurniadi; Anthoni B Aritonang
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 4 (2022): October - December
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i4.4403

Tengkuyung (Cerithidea obtuse) is one of the many snails that live in mangrove areas, being a source of food and the economy, especially for people in coastal areas. Land and sea development and transportation activities have the potential to become a source of Pb contamination in tengkuyung and its environment. This study aims to determine the concentration of lead metal (Pb) in sediments and tengkuyung in the Kuala mangrove area of Singkawang City. Sampling was carried out at two station points. Measurement of heavy metal lead (Pb) in sediments and tengkuyung was carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (SAA) method. The results showed that the content of lead (Pb) in the sediment and tengkuyung at station 1 was 0.0914 µg/g and <0.0070 (µg/g), while at station 2 it was 0.3927 µg/g and <0.0070 (µg/g). The content of Pb metal in tengkuyung meat still meets the eligibility for consumption because it is below the threshold according to SNI no. 7387 in 2009, which is 0.5 mg/kg (0.5 ppm).

Usaha Pencegahan Penularan Penyakit Malaria melalui Sosialisasi Bersih Lingkungan Ekowisata Mangrove Kuala Mempawah Rafdinal Rafdinal; Desriani Lestari; Asri Mulya Ashari; Rita Kurnia Apindiati; Anthoni B. Aritonang
Lumbung Inovasi: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022): December
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LITPAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/linov.v7i4.981

Penyakit malaria disebabkan oleh plasmodium yang kemudian ditularkan oleh nyamuk anopheles. Kegiatan PKM ini dilaksanakan mengingat masih ditemukannya beberapa pasien penderita malaria di wilayah Mempawah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sosialisasi tentang usaha preventif penularan penyakit malaria melalui giat bersih lingkungan di wilayah Ekowisata mangrove Kuala Mempawah. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan demonstrasi langsung dalam mengklasifikasikan sampah berdasarkan jenis sampah organik dan an organik, kemudian sampah an organik seperti kaca dan plastik dipisahkan, dan sisanya dibakar bersama dengan sampah ranting kayu dan daun mangrove kering, dilanjutkan dengan penutupan tong-tong air dan genangan air di jalanan yang bisa menjadi sumber berkembangbiaknya nyamuk anopheles sebagai vektor penularan malaria dari manusia ke manusia lainnya. Giat bersih ini diikuti oleh 30 warga yang terdiri dari remaja dan dibantu oleh mahasiswa yang turun mengambil peran dalam pembersihan wilayah ekowisata tersebut. Monitoring dan evaluasi dilakukan sepanjang kegiatan melalu pengamatan aktivitas peserta kegiatan dalam giat bersih dan diskusi yang melibatkan semua peserta. Dari hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan menunjukkan wilayah sekitar ekowisata bersih dari genangan air dan tumpukan sampah, serta kegiatan pembersihan lokasi masyarakat secara periodik sudah dilakukan setiap 2 minggu. Efforts to Prevent Malaria Transmission through Clean Socialization of the Kuala Mempawah Mangrove Ecotourism Environment Malaria is caused by Plasmodium which is then transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. This PKM activity was carried out bearing in mind that several patients with malaria were still found in the Mempawah area. This activity aims to socialize efforts to prevent the transmission of malaria through environmental cleaning activities in the Kuala Mempawah mangrove Ecotourism area. This activity was carried out using the lecture method and direct demonstrations in classifying waste based on the type of organic and inorganic waste, then the inorganic waste such as glass and plastic was separated, and the remainder was burned together with wood twigs and dry mangrove leaves, followed by closing the water barrels. and stagnant water on the streets which can be a breeding ground for Anopheles mosquitoes as vectors of human-to-human transmission of malaria. This clean activity was attended by 30 residents consisting of teenagers and assisted by students who took part in cleaning up the ecotourism area. Monitoring and evaluation is carried out throughout the activity through observing the activities of activity participants in clean activities and discussions involving all participants. From the results of the implementation of the activity, it shows that the area around ecotourism is clean from puddles and piles of garbage, and periodic cleaning of community sites has been carried out every 2 weeks.Keywords: Ecotourism, Kuala Mempawah, malaria, mangrove

Synthesis and Characterisation of B-CDs/TiO2 Composite Anthoni B. Aritonang; Ajuk Sapar; Uswatun Hasanah; Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman; Puji Ardiningsih
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Synthesis of composite boron-doped carbon nanodots (B-CDs)/TiO2 using the sol-gel method performed with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) precursor and B-CDs prepared by the microwave method using citric acid monohydrate, urea, and boric acid as precursors. The optimum concentration of boron dopant (B) on B-CDs/TiO2 is 0.5% boron (w/w) which is then used as a composite on TiO2 resulting in a brown solid and has blue luminescent under UV light. The result with UV-Vis/DRS for variation in B-CDs concentration of 0.5%, 1.25%, and 2.5% showed Eg values of 2.34 eV, 2.00 eV, and 2.29 eV. B-CDs cause the maximum emission peak (λEm) to redshift and affect the intensity of photoluminescence TiO2. The characterization of FT-IR does not indicate a new peak, there is no bonding in the B-CDs/TiO2 composite. The TiO2 diffractogram was observed to shift towards a larger 2θ which caused the crystallinity of TiO2 to decrease. Based on the photocatalytic activity test on the degradation of methylene blue solution, it showed fairly good activity. It is expected that the B-CDs/TiO2 composite has the potential to be applied as a photocatalyst to degrade organic pollutants under visible light illumination.

Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity Test of Bi-TiO2 toward Humic Acid Degradation under Visible Light Irradiation Efraime Caroline Dien; Anthoni Batahan Aritonang; Gusrizal Gusrizal
JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) Vol 8, No 1 (2023): JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jkpk.v8i1.71525

Humic acid (HA) in water can harm humans if it is regularly used or consumed. HA causes problems in the water, such as color, taste, and the formation of metal complexes. Therefore, it is necessary to degrade HA to address these problems. In this study, HA degradation was carried out using bismuth-doped TiO2 (Bi-TiO2) as a photocatalyst. The effect of Bi-TiO2 synthesized at various Bi concentrations and calcination temperatures on HA degradation was investigated and compared to pristine TiO2. Bi-TiO2 was synthesized via the sol-gel method and characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy UV-Visible (DRS UV-Vis), and Fourrier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. The XRD analysis showed that the optimum calcination temperature was 500oC, with the highest crystallinity index (62.04%) and smallest crystallite size (11.95 nm). The DRS UV-Vis analysis showed that Bi-TiO2 1.5% led to the lowest band gap of 1.59 eV (λ = 782.33 nm), indicating that the photocatalyst was active under visible light irradiation. The FT-IR analysis showed an adsorption peak from the Bi-O bond at 802.39 cm-1, which caused a shift in the Ti-O-Ti adsorption peak. The photodegradation test was conducted using a 30 mL volume of HA solution 50 ppm and a 50 mg mass of catalyst. The results showed that Bi-TiO2 1.5% exhibited the highest efficiency in degrading HA, achieving 68.54% under visible light irradiation for 180 minutes. These results suggest the potential of Bi-TiO2 as an alternative method for treating HA in peat water using visible light irradiation.

Synthesis and Characterisation of B-CDs/TiO2 Composite Anthoni B. Aritonang; Ajuk Sapar; Uswatun Hasanah; Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman; Puji Ardiningsih
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Synthesis of composite boron-doped carbon nanodots (B-CDs)/TiO2 using the sol-gel method performed with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) precursor and B-CDs prepared by the microwave method using citric acid monohydrate, urea, and boric acid as precursors. The optimum concentration of boron dopant (B) on B-CDs/TiO2 is 0.5% boron (w/w) which is then used as a composite on TiO2 resulting in a brown solid and has blue luminescent under UV light. The result with UV-Vis/DRS for variation in B-CDs concentration of 0.5%, 1.25%, and 2.5% showed Eg values of 2.34 eV, 2.00 eV, and 2.29 eV. B-CDs cause the maximum emission peak (λEm) to redshift and affect the intensity of photoluminescence TiO2. The characterization of FT-IR does not indicate a new peak, there is no bonding in the B-CDs/TiO2 composite. The TiO2 diffractogram was observed to shift towards a larger 2θ which caused the crystallinity of TiO2 to decrease. Based on the photocatalytic activity test on the degradation of methylene blue solution, it showed fairly good activity. It is expected that the B-CDs/TiO2 composite has the potential to be applied as a photocatalyst to degrade organic pollutants under visible light illumination.

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