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All Journal Abdimas Talenta : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat JURTEKSI Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi Journal Equity of Law and Governance Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains Jurnal Armada Informatika Journal of Nusantara Economic Science Mahadi : Indonesia Journal of Law Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) Acta Law Journal Milthree Law Journal Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Indonesian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences LEX SOCIETAS: Journal of Law and Public Administration Sintek Kuwera
Robert
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Penyalahgunaan Kedudukan Komisaris Pt. Condato Grup Indonesia Sebagai Tindakan Ultra Vires (Studi Putusan Nomor 352/Pdt.G/2021/Pn Jkt.Pst) Tanjung, Muhamamd Dafi; Siregar, Mahmul; Robert
Acta Law Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Talenta Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Abstract

Abstract The board of commissioners acts as a supervisor and advisor to the board of  directors. Commissioners who use their position to provide advice to the board of directors so that the commissioners can take action on behalf of the company without any authority constitute an act of abuse of the commissioner's position to take ultra vires actions. As illustrated in the case of PT. Condato Grup Indonesia (PT.CGI) in Decision Number 352/Pdt.G/2021/PN Jkt.Pst, the commissioners of PT. CGI took action to transfer payments from consumers to their supplier companies and withhold PT. CGI's profits. This study uses a normative legal research method, with a statutory, case and conceptual approach, through a literature study data collection technique that collects data in the form of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials as analyzed using a qualitative  analysis approach. Where several legal issues will be studied, namely how ultra vires actions carried out by commissioners can be categorized as abuse of  position, how the judge's considerations in deciding whether the elements of an unlawful act in Decision Number 352/Pdt.G/2021/PN Jkt.Pst are fulfilled, and how the legal analysis is of the view that the commissioners of PT. CGI have committed ultra vires actions. This study concludes that commissioners who abuse their positions to influence the board of directors are ultra vires actions, as  commissioners of PT. CGI have committed unlawful acts by abusing their authority to divert and withhold the company's profits ultra vires. In this case,  ultra vires actions are the cause of the losses incurred by PT. CGI. Therefore, the  commissioners are obliged to bear all losses, considering that the consequences of ultra vires actions are not binding on the company because they are null and void and trigger the application of the principle of piercing the corporate veil. Keywords: Position of Commissioner; Abuse; Ultra Vires.Abstrak Dewan komisaris berkedudukan sebagai pengawas dan pemberi nasihat kepada direksi. Komisaris yang menggunakan kedudukannya dalam pemberian nasihat kepada direksi agar komisaris dapat melakukan tindakan mewakili perseroan tanpa adanya kewenangan merupakan perbuatan penyalahgunaan kedudukan komisaris untuk melakukan tindakan ultra vires. Sebagaimana tergambar di permasalahan PT. Condato Grup Indonesia (PT.CGI) dalam Putusan Nomor 352/Pdt.G/2021/PN Jkt.Pst, komisaris PT. CGI melakukan tindakan pengalihan pembayaran dari konsumen ke perusahaan perusahaan supplier miliknya dan menahan keuntungan PT. CGI tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus dan konseptual, melalui teknik pengumpulan data studi pustaka yang mengumpulkan data berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier sebagaimana untuk  dianalisa secara pendekatan analisis kualitatif. Dimana akan dikajinya beberapa permasalahan hukum, yaitu bagaimana tindakan ultra vires yang dilakukan oleh komisaris dapat dikategorikan sebagai penyalahgunaan kedudukan, bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam memutuskan terpenuhinya unsur-unsur perbuatan melawan hukum dalam Putusan Nomor 352/Pdt.G/2021/PN Jkt.Pst, serta bagaimana analisa hukum yang berpandangan komisaris PT. CGI telah melakukan tindakan ultra vires. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa komisaris yang menyalahgunakan jabatannya untuk mempengaruhi direksi merupakan tindakan ultra vires, sebagaimana komisaris PT. CGI telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dengan menyalahgunakan wewenangnya untuk mengalihkan dan menahan keuntungan perseroan secara ultra vires. Dalam kasus ini, tindakan ultra vires menjadi causa penyebab dari akibat kerugian PT. CGI timbul. Karena itu, komisaris wajib menanggung seluruh kerugian, mengingat akibat tindakan ultra  vires tidak mengikat perseroan karena batal demi hukum dan memicu penerapan prinsip piercing the corporate veil. Kata Kunci: Kedudukan Komisaris; penyalahgunaan; Ultra Vires
Inovasi Penggunaan Kapur sebagai Pengganti Bahan Pengisi pada AC-WC Ahmad, Muhammad Taufik Habibillah Ibnu; Heryanto; Sarpawi; Robert
Jurnal Sosial Teknologi Vol. 5 No. 7 (2025): Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi
Publisher : CV. Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jurnalsostech.v5i7.32340

Abstract

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kapur sebagai bahan pengisi (filler) alternatif dalam campuran aspal tipe Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) dengan mempertimbangkan performa mekanis dan daya tahan campuran. Penelitian dilakukan dengan variasi kadar kapur sebesar 0%, 25%, 50%, dan 75% sebagai pengganti sebagian filler konvensional. Metode pengujian meliputi analisis sifat fisik agregat dan kapur, uji Marshall untuk menentukan parameter stabilitas, kelelehan, flow, void in mix (VIM), serta uji stabilitas sisa untuk mengevaluasi ketahanan campuran terhadap pengaruh beban berulang dan kelembapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kapur mampu meningkatkan stabilitas campuran, dengan performa terbaik pada kadar 50%, yang mencatat nilai stabilitas sisa sebesar 94,5%, melebihi campuran tanpa kapur. Selain itu, kadar aspal optimum (optimum asphalt content) cenderung meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya proporsi kapur, menunjukkan bahwa kapur dapat meningkatkan ikatan antara aspal dan agregat. Namun, pada kadar 75%, terjadi penurunan pada beberapa parameter teknis seperti kelelehan dan VIM, sehingga tidak direkomendasikan untuk penggunaan maksimal. Berdasarkan hasil ini, penggunaan kapur sebesar 50% dianggap paling optimal untuk meningkatkan mutu, efisiensi, serta kinerja lapisan permukaan jalan AC-WC.
Legal Framework For Termination Of Contract Due To Force Majority To Further Ensure Legal Certainty Manurung, Doni Freddi; Siregar, Mahmul; Robert
Mahadi: Indonesia Journal of Law Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): Vol. 04 No. 02 (2025): Vol. 04 NO. 02 (2025): August Edition 2025
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Abstract

Contracts essentially arise from differences in interests between parties bound in a legal relationship. In practice, not all contracts can be executed as initially agreed, especially due to force majeure conditions. However, the Indonesian Civil Code does not explicitly detail the events that constitute force majeure, leading to legal uncertainty. This study aims to examine the legal framework for contract termination due to force majeure in order to ensure legal certainty for the parties. The research is normative legal research using statutory and case approaches, utilizing both primary and secondary data obtained through literature and document study. The findings indicate that Articles 1244 and 1245 of the Civil Code serve as the primary legal basis for force majeure, stating that a party unable to fulfill obligations due to such circumstances may be exempt from liability. However, practical implementation depends heavily on contract clauses and the burden of proof. Courts consider several aspects such as the force majeure clause, duration, good faith, and mitigation efforts in their rulings. The study concludes that although a legal framework exists, more detailed and flexible regulations are needed to address the complexities of modern contractual relationships and ensure greater legal certainty. Therefore, it is recommended that the government develop additional legal instruments regulating force majeure in contractual agreements in Indonesia.
EVALUATION OF HYBRID MOVIE RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM BASED ON NEURAL NETWORKS Widjaja, William; Robert; Johanes Terang Kita Perangin - Angin
JURTEKSI (jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi) Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) STMIK Royal Kisaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33330/jurteksi.v11i3.4079

Abstract

Abstract: Recommendation systems are becoming increasingly important with the growth of streaming platforms. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of Content-Based Filtering, Neural Collaborative Filtering, and a combination of both in a movie recommendation system. The method used in this study involves retrieving movie details from the TMDB API and ratings from the MovieLens 32M Dataset (2010-2023). Each model's performance is evaluated using evaluation metrics such as RMSE and MAE. The results of this study indicate that Neural Collaborative Filtering achieves the best prediction performance (RMSE = 0.785423, MAE = 0.581262), followed by the hybrid model (RMSE = 0.800863, MAE = 0.660872), while Content-Based Filtering produces low performance and limits the capabilities of the hybrid model. In conclusion, these findings highlight the superiority of latent feature-based models such as NCF that learn directly from user interaction patterns over content-based approaches in the context of modern recommendation systems. Keywords: content-based filtering; hybrid filtering; movie recommendation; neural collaborative filtering. Abstrak: Sistem rekomendasi menjadi semakin penting seiring berkembangnya platform streaming. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kinerja Content-Based Filtering, Neural Collaborative Filtering dan kombinasi keduanya dalam sistem rekomendasi film. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan pengambilan detail film dari TMDB API dan rating dari dataset MovieLens 32M Dataset (2010-2023). Setiap peforma model dievaluasi dengan menggunakan metrik evaluasi seperti RMSE dan MAE. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Neural Collaborative Filtering mencapai kinerja prediksi terbaik (RMSE = 0.785423, MAE = 0.581262), diikuti oleh model hybrid (RMSE = 0.800863, MAE = 0.660872), sementara Content-Based Filtering menghasilkankan peforma yang rendah dan membatasi kemampuan model hybrid. Kesimpulannya, penelitian ini menyoroti superiotas model berbasis latent feature seperti NCF yang belajar langsung dari pola interaksi pengguna dibandingkan pendekatan berbasis konten dalam konteks sistem rekomendasi modern. Kata kunci: content-based filtering; hybrid filtering; neural collaborative filtering; rekomendasi film.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan SMA Kumnamu Berbasis Web Robert; Saludin Muis; Yohanes Ari Setiawan
Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Vol 2 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi (SINTEK)
Publisher : LPPM STMIK KUWERA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56995/sintek.v2i1.40

Abstract

Pada zaman ini, sistem informasi merupakan suatu hal yang penting untuk sebuah organisasi miliki. Perpustakaan SMA Kumnamu saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual dengan hanya mengandalkan buku besar yang berisikan transaksi peminjaman buku dan pendataan buku serta anggota hanya dilakukan menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Berdasarkan masalah yang dijelaskan, dapat dihasilkan hipotesis bahwa perpustakaan SMA Kumnamu memerlukan sistem informasi yang dapat mengelola seluruh administrasi secara terkomputerisasi agar seluruh transaksi, data buku, dan data anggota dapat tersimpan secara baik dalam database sistem serta untuk melihat perkembangan tingkat literasi siswa/i-nya. Sistem informasi dibangun menggunakan metode Waterfall untuk mendeskripsikan alur penelitian, tahapan untuk merancang sistem menggunakan UML, MySql sebagai database sistem, dan PHP serta HTML untuk bahasa pemrograman, sedangkan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan studi literatur.
Penyuluhan Hukum tentang Kewajiban Pengungkapan Pemilik Manfaat pada Pengusaha HIPPI Sumatera Utara Lubis, Tri Murti; Robert; Joiverdia Arifiyanto; Purba, Hadyan Yunhas
Milthree Law Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Juli
Publisher : PT. Adikara Cipta Aksa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70565/mlj.v1i2.16

Abstract

Pemisahan entitas antara pemilik dan perusahaan sering kali disalahgunakan. Permasalahan utama adalah banyak anggota mitra yang belum mengetahui atau memahami bahwa terdapat berbagai Peraturan Perundang-undangan, mulai dari Undang-Undang, Peraturan Pemerintah, hingga Peraturan Lembaga/Institusi, yang mengatur kewajiban pengungkapan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) suatu badan usaha. Ketidaktahuan ini berpotensi meningkatkan risiko penyalahgunaan badan usaha untuk tujuan ilegal. Universitas Sumatera Utara, sebagai institusi pendidikan yang menjalankan Tridarma Perguruan Tinggi, berencana untuk melaksanakan program pengabdian bekerja sama dengan Himpunan Pengusaha Pribumi Indonesia (HIPPI) DPD Sumatera Utara dalam skema Mono Tahun Reguler. Program ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Meningkatkan pemahaman tentang kewajiban pengungkapan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) pada badan usaha kepada negara, dan (2) Mencapai pemahaman yang lebih baik di kalangan pelaku usaha yang tergabung dalam mitra mengenai tata cara pelaporan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) dari badan usaha mereka kepada negara. Pengabdian ini akan dilaksanakan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu: (1) Sosialisasi mengenai peraturan perundang-undangan terkait pengungkapan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) suatu badan usaha; dan (2) Diskusi Terfokus yang membahas tata cara pengungkapan pemilik manfaat (beneficial ownership) suatu badan usaha kepada negara
LEGAL PROTECTION OF PUBLIC INVESTORS WHO CONDUCT STOCK SPLIT BASED ON POJK NUMBER 15/POJK.04/2022 Obaja Capandi Saut Horas Sinaga; Sunarmi; Robert
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): June
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59733/jishup.v2i2.77

Abstract

Legal Protection for Public Investors Carrying out Stock Splits Based on POJK Number 15/POJK.04/2022. In the capital market, public investors play an important role in providing funds for companies listed on the stock exchange. One strategy often used by companies to increase the liquidity of their shares is a stock split. However, stock splits also have risks for public investors. Therefore, adequate legal protection is needed for public investors who carry out stock splits. This research aims to analyze legal protection for public investors who carry out stock splits based on Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) Number 15/POJK.04/2022. The research method used is a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and case analysis. The research results show that POJK Number 15/POJK.04/2022 has provided sufficient legal protection for public investors. This protection includes the company's obligation to provide transparent and accurate information regarding the stock split, including the reasons and impact on share prices. Apart from that, POJK also regulates sanctions for companies that violate these provisions. However, this research also found that there are several weaknesses in the implementation of this regulation, such as a lack of supervision and strict law enforcement against companies that commit violations. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase supervision and law enforcement by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) to ensure effective legal protection for public investors. Thus, it is hoped that this research can contribute to improving legal protection for public investors who carry out stock splits, as well as providing input for the OJK in formulating better policies in the future.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Debitur dalam Kasus Likuidasi Bank: Studi atas Status Sertifikat Hak Milik sebagai Agunan Winda Asry; Mhd. Yamin; Edy Ikhsan; Robert
JOM Vol 5 No 4 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Tribakti Lirboyo Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33367/ijhass.v5i4.6547

Abstract

Bank liquidation has significant legal implications, particularly for debtors, such as developers, who use certificates of ownership on land as collateral for loans. Law Number 4 of 2023 on the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector regulates bank liquidation through asset liquidation and debt collection processes, which impact the legal standing of debtors, especially concerning the transfer or sale of pledged assets. This study examines the legal status of certificates of ownership used as collateral in banks undergoing liquidation and evaluates the legal protection available to certificate owners. Additionally, it analyzes judicial considerations in protecting developers' rights in cases involving bank liquidation. This research adopts a normative legal approach, utilizing library research techniques for data collection and qualitative descriptive analysis for data interpretation. The findings reveal that developers, as debtors, remain legally obligated to repay debts even if the bank holding the collateral undergoes liquidation. However, legal uncertainties arise regarding the status of certificates of ownership used as collateral, as such assets may be sold through auctions despite the developer's expectation of loan settlement. Consequently, ensuring legal protection for developers is crucial to safeguard their rights, prevent unauthorized transfers or seizures of collateral, and promote transparency in the liquidation process overseen by the Indonesian Deposit Insurance Corporation (LPS). The study highlights the need for clear legal frameworks to balance creditor and debtor rights, ensuring fairness and legal certainty during bank liquidation.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pre-Test dan Post-Test Terhadap Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Pengolahan Sampah: The Effect of Providing Pre-Tests and Post-Tests on Community Knowledge About Waste Management Nur safitri; Magfira Malik; Sri Hera Wati; Siti Dzahra; Geby Gosal; Nur Iftita Rini; Syahrial Akbar; Robert; Eka Prasetia Hati Baculu; Muh Anzar
Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains Vol. 7 No. 5: MEI 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jks.v7i5.5252

Abstract

Salah satu permasalahan yang sering ditemui di masyarakat adalah pengolahan sampah. Sampah dapat menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan apabila keberadaannya tidak tertangani dengan baik. Sampah selalu timbul menjadi persoalan rumit dalam masyarakat yang kurang memiliki kepekaan terhadap lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terkait pengolahan sampah di Desa Petapa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan metode pengumpulan data adalah data primer observasi dan penyuluhan serta dokumentasi. Instrsumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kuesioner di mana waktu penelitian dilaksanakan tanggal 1 sampai 7 februari 2024. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 16 masyarakat desa petapa. Hasil penelitian ini di peroleh Hasil uji t- berpasangan menunjukkan nilai Sig = 0,001 (?0,05) hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, yang berarti terdapat perbedaan pemahaman terkait pengolahan sampah sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan bahwa di desa petapa masyarakatnya lebih banyak membuang sampah sembarangan dari mengolah sampah.penyebab masyarakat tidak melakukan pengelohan sampah karena kurangannya pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Muhammad Taufik Habibillah Ibnu Bondan, Vinsensius Burhan Sidabariba CHRISTOFEL L. G. H. M SAMOSIR Christopher Gustikho david Edy Ikhsan Effendy, Dudy Eka Prasetia Hati Baculu Eva Syahfitri Nasution, Eva Syahfitri Geby Gosal Heryanto Jan Christian Zherman Saragih, George Johanes Terang Kita Perangin Angin Joiverdia Arifiyanto Juvian Khowira, Mario Lubis, Tri Murti Magfira Malik Mahmul Siregar MAHMUL SIREGAR Manurung, Doni Freddi Mhd. Yamin Michelle Lucky Madelene. S Mochtar Indra Efendi Siregar Muh Anzar Muhammad Adli Fahmi Lubis Nasution, Siti Nurahmi Nur Iftita Rini Nur Safitri Obaja Capandi Saut Horas Sinaga Octara Pribadi Patricia, Verent Purba, Hadyan Yunhas Purba, M. Hadyan Yunhas Rosnidar Sembiring Saludin Muis Sarpawi Siallagan, Agnes Angelina Siti Dzahra Sri Hera Wati Sukarja, Detania Sunarmi Syahrial Akbar Tanjung, Muhamamd Dafi William Widjaja Wilson Winda Asry Wong, Leon Yohanes Ari Setiawan