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All Journal JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DASAR FLOBAMORATA EMBISS: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis, Sosial Jurnal Riset Perkebunan (JRP) Best Journal of Administration and Management Lead Journal of Economy and Administration Indonesian Journal of Community Services Cel Jagur: Jurnal Agroteknologi Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice ENCRYPTION: Journal of Information And Technology DIVERSITY: Journal of Multi Science Linearity
Kuswandi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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The Effort to Improve Water Quality of the Pemandian Alam Tourism in Batu Mbelin Village, North Sumatera Yanqoritha, Nyimas; Sinurat, Serepita; Kuswandi; Handayani, Meyga Fitri; Sulhatun; Suryati
Indonesian Journal of Community Services Cel Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Community Services Cel
Publisher : Research and Social Study Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (965.411 KB) | DOI: 10.70110/ijcsc.v1i1.4

Abstract

The purpose of monitoring the water quality of Deli River at the Pemandian Alam in Mbelin Village, Sibolangit District was an effort to ensure that the Deli River at the meeting point of the Lau Betimus and Lau Petani were a Natural Bath that is safe from pollution. At the confluence point of the Lau Betimus and Lau Petani, it was observed based on the pollution index described by each station from upstream to downstream. The Deli River Pollution Index at the monitoring point of the Lau Betimus and the confluence of the Lau Petani were 0.49 and 0.55, which means the water quality is in good condition index or meets the quality standard. This means that the water quality at the observation station is still natural and has not been polluted by pollutants or waste.
SISTEM AKUNTANSI PENGELUARAN KAS PADA PT FEDERAL IZUMI MANUFACTURING Hamizar; Samsul Bahri; Kuswandi
DIVERSITY: Journal of Multi Science Linearity Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): DIVERSITY: Journal of Multi Science Linearity , Agustus 2024
Publisher : ASIAN PUBLISHER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58738/diversity.v2i1.796

Abstract

In every transaction activity in the company always affects the cash balance. Because the nature of cash is very easy to embezzle and misappropriate. So it is important to have an adequate accounting system so that the realization and use of cash can really be used to cover the company's costs. The accounting system is a cash disbursement accounting system. The purpose of this study is to determine the cash disbursement accounting system in terms of the parts involved, the documents required, the accounting records used, the procedures required, and the internal control system implemented by the company. The research methodology used is a field study by means of observation, interviews and literature studies. The steps used are to discuss the implementation of the Cash Disbursement System and Procedures at PT Federal Izumi Manufacturing. The results of the study show that the cash disbursement accounting system at PT Federal Izumi Manufacturing is fairly good, from the appropriate parts and functions, procedures, records and internal control elements to the complete and fairly good, only for the cash disbursement evidence document, namely the payment slip, only one document is made so that if the document is lost, the company does not have a backup for the document
The Impact of The Criminal Offence of Extortion Device: A Law Enforcement Perspective Iga Intani Descatherine Muslimah; Saptaning Ruju Paminto; Aji Mulyana; Kuswandi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.5027

Abstract

The rapid development of information technology presents new challenges in the field of law, especially related to cyber crime. One of the most alarming forms is the attack of extortion devices (ransomware), against Indonesia's National Data Centre (PDN). This research aims to analyse the implementation of Law No. 17/2011 on State Intelligence in overcoming the crime of blackmail devices, the impact on national security, and the relevance of Law No. 1/2024 on Electronic Information and Transactions. The method used is normative juridical with an analytical approach to legislation. The results showed that ransomware fulfils the elements of a criminal offence as stipulated in the Criminal Code and the Electronic Information and Transaction Law. In addition, the role of intelligence agencies is very important in early detection and handling of cyber threats. This research confirms the importance of synergy between intelligence agencies and legal reform in dealing with evolving cyber threats
Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Media Perkecambahan Terhadap Vigor Benih Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Varietas Bl50 Nike Karjunita; Kuswandi
Jurnal Riset Perkebunan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Riset Perkebunan (JRP)
Publisher : Jurusan Budidaya Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrp.3.1.48-55.2022

Abstract

Cocoa is one of the plantation commodities which is a source of state income. Growing media is not only related to seed germination in general, but also relates to the ability of seeds to survive even in a less favorable environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the vigor of cocoa seeds of BL50 variety on several types of germination media. The research was carried out in Nagari Tanjung Lolo, Tanjung Gadang District, Sijunjung Regency from March to April 2022. The tools used consisted of a handsprayer, ruler, caliper, and writing utensil. The materials used in this experiment were BL50 variety cocoa seeds, crushed bricks, humus soil, sand, and insecticide. The experiment was arranged according to the rules of Randomized Block Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications, and each replication consisted of 7 samples, with a total of 84 samples of cocoa seeds. The treatments given in this study were various sprout media, namely; A = crushed brick B = humus soil, and C = sand. The data were analyzed for variance, if significantly different, it was continued with the Honestly Significant Difference Test (BNJ). The results showed that humus soil media was a good medium for accelerating germination, while sand media was good for root development which included root length and diameter.
Analisis Kriminologis terhadap Tindakan Main Hakim Sendiri (Vigilantisme) di Kehidupan Masyarakat Kuswandi; Oktaviani, Mita Aulia
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.5176

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara komprehensif fenomena tindakan main hakim sendiri (vigilantisme) dalam masyarakat Indonesia, dengan menyoroti faktor-faktor penyebab, dinamika sosial yang melatarbelakanginya, serta upaya penanggulangan yang relevan menurut perspektif kriminologi dan hukum pidana. Fenomena vigilantisme dipahami sebagai bentuk pengendalian sosial informal yang muncul ketika masyarakat kehilangan kepercayaan terhadap efektivitas sistem peradilan formal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan, yang mengkaji literatur hukum, teori-teori kriminologi, data empiris, dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang terkait. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif untuk menguraikan pola, kecenderungan, serta dampak tindakan main hakim sendiri dalam konteks sosial-hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vigilantisme dipicu oleh dua kelompok faktor: (1) faktor internal, seperti kemarahan kolektif, frustasi, persepsi negatif terhadap pelaku kejahatan, serta dorongan emosional yang diperkuat oleh dinamika massa; dan (2) faktor eksternal, meliputi lemahnya penegakan hukum, rendahnya literasi hukum, ketidakpastian hukum, keterlambatan proses peradilan, serta pembiaran aparat terhadap kekerasan. Dampaknya tidak hanya menimbulkan eskalasi kekerasan dan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, tetapi juga melemahkan legitimasi negara sebagai pemegang otoritas hukum. Selain itu, fenomena ini berpotensi menciptakan budaya impunitas dan normalisasi tindakan kekerasan yang dapat mengganggu stabilitas sosial dalam jangka panjang.
The Deepfake Phenomenon as a New Form of Cybercrime from a Criminological Perspective Rahayu, Anisa; Kuswandi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.5171

Abstract

This study seeks to dissect the operational patterns of cybercrimes that leverage deepfake technology, with a specific focus on fraud schemes that digitally superimpose the likeness of public figures onto deceptive content. Through a criminological lens, it explores the psychological and social drivers behind such acts, the multifaceted harms inflicted on victims and society, and the significant hurdles faced by Indonesian law enforcement in responding to these technologically advanced offenses. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the research synthesizes case studies, legal document analysis, and theoretical frameworks to map the crime's ecosystem. The analysis uncovers a triad of enabling factors: a deficit in societal oversight that fails to curb digital misconduct, a social learning environment where deviant online behavior is acquired and normalized, and a critical regulatory vacuum that lacks laws specifically tailored to govern synthetic media. Presently, authorities are forced to apply existing statutes namely the Criminal Code (KUHP) and the Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE) Law which are often ill suited to tackle the evidentiary and jurisdictional intricacies of deepfake fraud. Consequently, this research argues for a decisive, multi-layered counter-strategy. It underscores the imperative to elevate public digital literacy, empowering citizens to critically evaluate media. It calls for the drafting of agile, forward-looking regulations that directly address content provenance and accountability. Finally, it highlights the necessity of investing in advanced detection tools capable of identifying sophisticated forgeries in real-time, thereby forming a crucial bulwark against this evolving threat to digital trust and security.
Analisis Kriminologi Terhadap Tindak Kekerasan Terhadap Rumah Tangga di Cianjur Faktor Penyebab dan Penganggulangan Kuswandi; Shifa, Agisni
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.5177

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk, karakteristik, dan determinan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) melalui perspektif hukum dan kriminologi guna memberikan pemahaman komprehensif mengenai pola viktimisasi serta faktor penyebab yang memperkuat terjadinya kekerasan dalam lingkup domestik. Kajian ini juga bertujuan menilai efektivitas instrumen hukum positif Indonesia dalam memberikan perlindungan bagi korban serta mengevaluasi sejauh mana pendekatan kriminologi dapat memperkaya strategi penanggulangan KDRT secara preventif maupun represif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif yang menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan terkait KDRT, terutama Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga, dipadukan dengan pendekatan kriminologis untuk mengidentifikasi faktor sosial, psikologis, dan struktural yang memengaruhi perilaku kekerasan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap literatur hukum, penelitian terdahulu, serta kajian kriminologi yang relevan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KDRT mencakup empat bentuk utama, yaitu kekerasan fisik, psikis, dan penelantaran rumah tangga, masing-masing memiliki karakteristik dan pola eskalasi yang berbeda. Dari perspektif hukum, keberadaan UU PKDRT telah memberikan dasar perlindungan yang lebih tegas bagi korban, namun implementasinya masih menghadapi kendala seperti minimnya pelaporan, ketergantungan ekonomi korban, dan stigma sosial. Sementara itu, analisis kriminologi mengungkap bahwa KDRT dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal seperti ketidakstabilan emosi, tekanan ekonomi, serta pengalaman trauma, sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi budaya patriarki, struktur sosial yang mendukung subordinasi perempuan, terhadap kekerasan, serta lemahnya kontrol sosial. Penelitian ini juga menegaskan bahwa upaya penanggulangan KDRT harus dilakukan secara integratif melalui penegakan hukum yang konsisten, penyediaan layanan pemulihan korban, serta strategi preventif berbasis edukasi dan pemberdayaan masyarakat dan menciptakan sistem perlindungan yang lebih efektif.
The Criminal Hygiene Approuch in Preventing Sexual Violence Crimes Against Potential Victims Permana, Ajeng; Kuswandi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.5246

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of the Criminal Hygiene Approach in preventing sexual abuse crimes against potential victims, particularly vulnerable groups such as children, women, and the elderly. The research focuses on crime prevention efforts through improving social and environmental conditions that are considered to have a significant influence on the emergence of sexual abuse crimes. The research method used is a normative juridical approach supported by an empirical juridical approach, conducted through literature studies, analysis of court decisions, and criminological studies relevant to the prevention of sexual crimes. The results of the study show that the application of the principles of Criminal Hygiene plays an important role in creating a safe and preventive social environment, including through strengthening education, increasing legal literacy, social awareness, and continuous environmental monitoring. Analysis of sexual abuse cases in the Tangerang and Kulon Progo areas revealed that these crimes were influenced by a closed social environment, low intensity of social interaction, weak informal social control, and limited access to protection mechanisms for vulnerable groups. In addition, this study found various obstacles in the implementation of the Criminal Hygiene Approach, such as the tendency of victims to remain silent due to fear and social stigma, weak coordination between authorised institutions, and low levels of public awareness and participation in prevention efforts. Therefore, this study emphasises that strengthening the Criminal Hygiene Approach requires continuous synergy between families, communities, and formal institutions so that protection for potential victims can be carried out effectively, comprehensively, and in an integrated manner.
Implementation of Compulsory Defence In The Indonesian Criminal Justice System: A Normative Analysis and Study of Court Decisions Kayla Andini Putri; Kuswandi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.5273

Abstract

Necessary defence is a criminal defence that plays an important role in Indonesian criminal law, especially amid increasing public vulnerability to the threat of crime. Although it is regulated in Article 49 of the Criminal Code and reinforced by Article 34 of Law Number 1 of 2023, its application in practice still faces various problems. The main problem lies in law enforcement officials' assessment of the elements of forced defence, such as proportionality, immediacy, inability to avoid, and the psychological condition of the perpetrator, which often leads to the criminalisation of defensive actions that should be lawful. This study uses a normative juridical approach with case studies of Donggala District Court Decision Number 32/Pid.B/2021, Sinjai District Court Decision Number 101/Pid.B/2024, and the Amaq Sinta case to examine the consistency of the application of forced defence in judicial practice. The results of the study show that the application of noodweer is highly dependent on the objectivity of investigators and the thoroughness of judges in understanding the factual context and the dynamics of the threat faced by the perpetrator. Differences in understanding among officials often create a gap between legal norms and law enforcement practices. Therefore, standardised interpretation, clear technical guidelines, and capacity building for officials are needed so that self-defence can realise substantive justice and effective protection of the right to life and safety of individuals.
Combating Street Crimes through Non-Penal Approach in Criminology Perspective Irman Putra, Muhammad Irsyad; Kuswandi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5476

Abstract

This study was motivated by the increase in street crime, which has a direct impact on the community's sense of security and social order. The measures taken to combat street crime have been dominated by repressive and reactive penal approaches, which have not been effective in reducing crime rates in a sustainable manner and have not addressed the underlying criminogenic factors. From a criminological perspective, street crime is understood as a social phenomenon influenced by socio-economic conditions, weak social control, and low community participation. This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of existing street crime prevention measures and examine the relevance of non-penal approaches as a more comprehensive and humanistic prevention strategy. The research method used is descriptive analysis with a conceptual normative juridical approach. The research data consists of secondary data obtained through a literature study of scientific books, academic journals, and previous research results relevant to criminal policy and criminology. The data is analysed qualitatively to explain the relationship between social structure, crime causation factors, and street crime prevention policies. The results of the study show that the penal approach has not been effective in reducing crime in a sustainable manner. The non-penal approach has a strategic role through community empowerment, strengthening social control, improving socio-economic conditions, and environmental management. This study concludes that the balanced and sustainable integration of penal and non-penal approaches is an important prerequisite for realising equitable community protection and social order.
Co-Authors Aji Mulyana Apriyanto Nugroho Aswat, Amarilla Daryati Didit Ardianto Hamizar, Hamizar Handayani, Meyga Fitri Hayati, PK Dewi Iga Intani Descatherine Muslimah Irman Putra, Muhammad Irsyad Jiadi, Eka Jenny Maharani Putri Karjunita, Nike Kayla Andini Putri Lela Kurniawati M. Zainal Arifin Manjasari, Putri Vitaliya Muhammad Yasin Muhammad Yasin Nafiqoh, Anin Nasril Nawang Furyshade Ningsih, Kristina Diana Nirmala, Della Sevia Oktaviani, Mita Aulia Permana, Ajeng Rahayu, Anisa Rifda Fitrianty Samsul Bahri Saptaning Ruju Paminto Shifa, Agisni Sinurat, Serepita SRI RAHAYU Sudirman Sulhatun Suryati Sutoyo Taufik Sholeh TEDDY SETIADY Warnita Yolanda Dewita Sari Zukhrizal Irbani