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All Journal Jurnal Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (JP2M) JBMR: Journal of Business and Management Review Mejuajua E-JRM Law and Economics Asian Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship and Social Science
Amin, Muhammad Sirojuddin
Fakultas EKonomi Dan Bisnis, Universitas Islam Malang
Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Law and Economics

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Measuring the Effect of COVID-19 on Bank Cost Efficiency in Indonesia Using Stochastic Frontier Analysis: Conventional vs Islamic Evidence Febrianto, Galih Ramadhan; Amin, Muhammad Sirojuddin
Law and Economics Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): February: Law and Economics
Publisher : Institute for Law and Economics Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/laweco.v20i1.294

Abstract

This study focuses on finding the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the cost efficiency of banks using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Building on intermediation and risk-return theories, we contend that credit risk, profitability, capital buffers and liquidity management have different impacts on costs in crisis and normal regimes. Using SFA, we estimate a translog cost frontier and Battese-Coelli (1995) inefficiency-effects model on a balanced panel of the quarterly data of Indonesian banks over the period 2015-2024. Inefficiency is modeled using Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Return on Asset (ROA), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR), a dummy of the Covid period (2020-2022) and interaction terms of structural change. Results show that average cost efficiency is high but significantly lower during the lives of the Covid compared to outside the pandemic and conventional banks are seen to be more efficient than Islamic counterparts, Muamalat being the least efficient. Crucially, determinant effects are state-dependent: before the pandemic NPL, ROA, and CAR are associated with less inefficiency and LDR with more inefficiency, whereas during the pandemic such associations become weaker or become opposite and LDR/FDR becomes efficiency-improving. Theoretically, we provide proof of a regime shift mechanism in efficiency drivers under disruption, which means that models of performance should take crisis interactions into account when testing banking efficiency and cross-model heterogeneity.
Co-Authors Abdul Kodir Djaelani Abdul Malik Agus Hermawan Anan, Nurun Nadiva Salsabila Andriyani, Fita Anik Yuliani Assalafy, Chotibul Umam Azza, Bilqiis Rihhadatul Basalamah, Muhammad Ridwan Dianingrum, Sinta Dwiyani Sudaryanti Farhana, Nur Zaidah Fata, Muhammad Khoirul Febrianto, Galih Ramadhan Fernandha, Zanuar Farhan Findriani, Nisa Norma Firmansyah, Alfian Dimas Hadi Sunaryo Hanif, Fanny Purama Hariawan, Bima Pratama Harpono, Hikmah Dian Romlah Heri Pratikto Hikmah Dian Romlah Harpono Khalikussabir, Khalikussabir Khalishah, Salsabila Rohadatul Aisy Laysia, Teressa Wiga Ludi Wishnu Wardana Maslichah, Maslichah Muhammad Khoirul Fata Naomira, Yara ‘Azzahra Nisa’, Ulfa Khoirun Nur Halizah, Sania Putri Nur Hidayati Nurhajati Nurhajati Nurhidayah Nurhidayah Oktaviyanti, Vara Pardiman Pardiman Prasasti, Novi Aprilia Putri, Vera Eselia Rachma, N. Rachmatika, Fera Refiansyah, Soni Reza Amanullah Rusydi Robbany, Akhmad Sa`ad Ainur Rochmatulloh, Dewanty Ronny Malavia Mardani Rusydi, Reza Amanullah Salamah, Ah-lam Umul Khoir Saputra, Rio Adi Saputri, Olivia Nathasa Novy Setiyawan, Muhammad Ilham Ardi Sholekha, Imroatus Siti Aisah Siti Aisah Siti Asiyah Sudarmiatin Taj, Ziana Walidah Taufiqurijal, Ahmad Taufiqurrahman, Mohammad Yara ‘Azzahra Naomira YUDI PURWANTO Yudi Purwanto