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Susanto, Fani
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Evaluating the Reliability of SpO₂ and BPM Readings in Commercial Smartwatches Compared to a Standard Oximeter Wibowo, Kusnanto Mukti; Royan, Royan; Latif, Abdul; Susanto, Fani; Fatiatun, Fatiatun; Irmawanto, Rudi; Che Ani, Norhidayah
Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The advancement of wearable technology has enabled commercial smartwatches to monitor vital health parameters such as blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and heart rate (BPM). This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of SpO₂ and BPM readings from three commercial smartwatches: Realme C2 Pro, Oraimo 2 Plus OSW-32N, and Haylou LS02 Pro by comparing them to a standard medical-grade oximeter (Beurer PO40). A total of 34 participants were recruited, representing a range of skin tones identified using the Fitzpatrick Skin Type Scale (Types I–V). Statistical analyses, including Pearson’s correlation and Bland-Altman plots, were used to assess the relationship and agreement between devices. Results showed that the Realme C2 Pro provided the highest accuracy, with 99.58% for SpO₂ and 98.515% for BPM, while the Haylou LS02 Pro showed the lowest accuracy at 99.24% for SpO₂ and 97.29% for BPM. Bland-Altman analysis revealed small biases and narrow limits of agreement, indicating that the smartwatches produced readings closely aligned with those of the medical device. Despite minor discrepancies, all smartwatches demonstrated strong potential for health monitoring applications. The discussion highlights factors influencing measurement accuracy, including sensor quality, algorithm performance, and user-specific variables such as skin tone. These findings support the role of smartwatches as accessible tools for early health detection and continuous monitoring. Although not intended to replace clinical instruments, properly optimized smartwatches can complement healthcare systems by enabling timely interventions and enhancing disease management.
Development and Acoustic Analysis of a Speaker-Output Stethoscope for Low-Cost Clinical Applications Wibowo, Kusnanto Mukti; Latif, Abdul; Susanto, Fani; Fatiatun, Fatiatun; Che Ani, Norhidayah
Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol. 7 No. 4 (2025): November
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/ijeeemi.v7i4.125

Abstract

This study addresses the limitations of traditional stethoscopes, which are constrained by their single-user design, dependence on auditory acuity, and susceptibility to background noise. These limitations hinder collaborative learning and diagnostic accuracy, particularly in noisy environments or during infectious disease outbreaks. The aim of this work is to develop a low-cost, speaker-output digital stethoscope that enables multiple users to simultaneously listen to heart sounds, improving both clinical training and infection control. The main contribution of this study is the integration of a conventional analog stethoscope with a high-sensitivity microphone preamplifier, an external speaker, and digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms. This configuration allows the amplification and filtering of heart sounds, enabling group auscultation without the need for earpieces. The device casing is constructed from High-Pressure Laminate (HPL) sheets and multiplex wood panels, while acoustic foam is used to reduce noise interference.  Heart sounds are captured via a microphone, amplified, and processed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and band-pass filtering (20–150 Hz) to isolate the key frequencies. The system was tested in a quiet clinical setting, and the resulting audio was analyzed for clarity and frequency spectrum. The prototype successfully captured heart sounds, with a dominant spectral peak around 97 Hz, consistent with the primary frequency of heartbeats. It also clearly identified the first (S1) and second (S2) heart sounds. However, ambient noise affected sound clarity, indicating the need for further noise reduction. Despite this limitation, the device successfully enabled group auscultation. In conclusion, the speaker-output stethoscope offers an affordable and effective alternative to traditional auscultation, enhancing medical training and improving infection control. Although noise reduction requires further refinement, the system demonstrates strong potential for application in clinical and educational settings, particularly in low-resource environments
Prosedur Pemeriksaan MRI Lumbal pada Kasus Efusi Pleura Suspek Tuberkulosis Susanto, Fani; Rahardian, Arga Pratama; Utami, Hernastiti Sedya; Mufida, Widya
Jurnal Imejing Diagnostik (JImeD) Vol. 9 No. 1: JANUARY 2023
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jimed.v9i1.9419

Abstract

Background: Clinical vertebral tuberculosis (TB) occurs outside the lungs affecting the spine. It generally infects the spine in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spine. MRI examination is performed on clinical vertebral TB patients to determine the degree of stress and changes in bone elements in the early stages of the disease. This study aims to analyze the lumbar MRI examination procedure in cases of suspected TB pleural effusion. Methods: This research was qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out at the Radiology Unit of Premier Bintaro Hospital with the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing and analysis were carried out descriptively. Results: Lumbar MRI examination with suspected TB pleural effusion at the Radiology Unit of Premier Bintaro Hospital was not specially prepared, the patient was examined first through the patient checklist to avoid metal materials entering the examination room. Examination using the Non-Contrast Lumbar MRI protocol included of sagittal and coronal T2, sagittal T1, sagittal Short Tau Inverse Recovery (STIR), Myelography, Axial T2, and Axial T1. The results of the examination provided sufficient diagnostic information to indicate a vertebral TB lesion. Conclusions: The procedure for examining lumbar MRI in TB cases with suspected pleural effusion at the Radiology Unit of Premier Bintaro Hospital did not require special preparation, the examination protocol used was to provide TB clinical diagnostic information, the addition of Gadolinium contrast media could be an alternative choice. 
Pemanfaatan Getah Pelepah Salak Sebagai Gel Ultrasonografi Alternatif Susanto, Fani; Wibowo, Kusnanto Mukti; Samudra, Alan; Yuswono, Puji; Utami, Hernastiti Sedya; Cayanan, Edgardo
Jurnal Imejing Diagnostik (JImeD) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): JULY 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jimed.v11i2.12551

Abstract

Background: Conventional ultrasound (USG) gel was generally based on carbomer 940, which was relatively expensive, difficult to access in some areas, and not environmentally friendly due to its non-biodegradable nature. This study aims to evaluate the potential of salacca leaf sap as an alternative material for a more affordable, easily obtainable, and environmentally friendly natural ultrasound gel.Methods: A quantitative experimental study was conducted on 30 adult patients. Each subject underwent two liver ultrasound examinations using carbomer 940 gel and gel from salacca leaf sap. Image assessment was conducted by three radiology specialists using the visual grading method on the parameters of parenchyma, portal vein, nodules, and artifacts. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and Cohen's Kappa test to measure inter-rater agreement.Results: The research results indicate that there is no statistically significant difference between the ultrasound images using factory gel and salacca leaf sap gel (p > 0.05). All image parameters, such as parenchymal homogeneity, visualization of the portal vein, and minimal artifacts, appeared equivalent in both types of gel.Conclusions: Salacca leaf sap shows physical characteristics that support ultrasonic wave transmission and is capable of producing liver ultrasound images comparable to commercial gel. With local availability, low cost, and environmentally friendly properties, this material has the potential to be a viable alternative to ultrasound gel that can be further developed for clinical practice and areas with limited access.
SOCIALIZATION OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD) DETECTION BY RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION: SOSIALISASI DETEKSI PENYAKIT GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD) DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN RADIOLOGI Susanto, Fani; Sapundani, Rum; Basuki, Samudra Prihatin Hendra
Darmabakti Cendekia: Journal of Community Service and Engagements Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): DECEMBER 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/dc.V5.I2.2023.147-153

Abstract

Latar belakang: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) merupakan kondisi ketika asam lambung naik dari perut menuju kerongkongan (refluks asam). Salah satu pemeriksaan radiologi dalam deteksi GERD adalah Oesophagus Maag Duodenum (OMD) yang berguna untuk mendeteksi gangguan di dalam perut akibat GERD dengan bantuan peralatan radiografi. Tujuan: Kegiatan ini bertujuan agar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan sasaran mengenai GERD serta hasil peninjauan medis dari hasil pemeriksaan radiologi OMD mengenai GERD. Metode: Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan cara penyuluhan dan ceramah terkait materi (poster) tentang GERD kepada kader ranting muhammadiyah banteran sebanyak orang, kemudian dievaluasi dengan kuesioner pre-test dan post-test untuk mengetahui tingkat penambahan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait GERD dan keberhasilan kegiatan. Hasil: Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa 100% orang mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan sesudah diberikan sosialisasi mengenai GERD dan deteksinya dengan pemeriksaan radiologi OMD. Kesimpulan: Kegiatan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan kesehatan ini menyebabkan pengetahuan masyarakat meningkat mengenai GERD dan deteksinya melalui pemeriksaan radiologi OMD.
Prosedur Pemeriksaan Magnetic Resonance Lymphography Pada Ekstremitas Atas Pada Kasus Lymphedema Putri, Maharani Affanka; Susanto, Fani
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v4i2.9864

Abstract

Visualisasi sistem limfatik diperlukan untuk diagnosis dini serta untuk perencanaan dan tindak lanjut pengobatan. Berbagai metode pencitraan Lymphography telah digunakan untuk menilai lymphedema dan memvisualisasikan pembuluh limfatik dengan hasil kurang memadai. Magnetic Resonance Lymphography (MRL) memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan lainnya, dalam mencitrakan anatomi dan fisiologi limfatik secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis prosedur pemeriksaan dan mengetahui peran teknik akuisisi dengan rekonstruksi Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) dan multiphase contrast enhancement pada MRL pada ekstremitas atas pada kasus lymphedema. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada bulan Desember 2023 di salah satu rumah sakit Jakarta Selatan menggunakan pesawat Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) General Electric (GE) 3 Tesla. Penelitian dilakukan pada 3 pasien MR Lymphography Ekstremitas Atas pada kasus lymphedema. Data diperoleh dengan observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dengan radiografer dan dokter radiologi serta diolah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kemudian diambil kesimpulan dan saran. Artikel ini memberikan informasi mengenai prosedur pemeriksaan MRL Ekstremitas atas pada kasus lymphedema dilakukan tanpa adanya persiapan khusus dan protokol yang digunakan yaitu 3-Plane Location, Axial T1, Axial T2, 3 Dimensi T1 Liver Acquisition with Volume Acceleration Flex, 3D T2 Short Tau Inversion Recovery, 3D Heavily T2, Pre Contrast 3D Dynamic Dual Echo T1 Differential Subsampling with Cartesian Ordering Gradient Echo, Contrast Timing 3D Dyn Dual Echo T1 DISCO GRE; akuisisi dilakukan pada menit ke 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 setelah injeksi untuk memvisualisasikan sistem limfatik dengan baik. Prosedur pemeriksaan MRL Ekstremitas atas pada kasus lymphedema dilakukan dengan protokol pre kontras dan post kontras multiphase dengan penambahan rekonstruksi MIP.
Analysis of Histogram and Grayscale on Chest X-Ray in Lung Cancer Using Image-J Susanto, Fani; Utami, Hernastiti Sedya; Pradika, Fannisa Rahma; Idris, Festyana Fillauhid; Febriana, Chindi; Kurniawan, Martindra Yoni
Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol. 5 No. 3 (2023): August
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/ijeeemi.v5i3.175

Abstract

Cancer often attacks the human body, one of which was the lung, and lung cancer was the main cause of death from cancer. Posteranterior (PA) chest radiographic examination is a screening tool for the diagnosis of lung cancer. The computed radiography (CR) modality produces thoracic images quickly and optimally and can be processed as needed, but so far, radiologists have only interpreted images with visual and subjective assessments. So that digital medical image processing is needed by looking at the histogram and gray scale values to increase the quantitative accuracy of lung cancer enforcement, This study aims to analyze the comparison of histograms and grayscale values on CR thoracic images between normal and lung cancer patients. This type of quantitative experimental research was carried out on a sample of 100 chest images consisting of a control group in normal patients and a treatment group in lung cancer patients, totaling 50 images each. Purposive sampling was used for the control group in patients aged 18–60 years and normal, and for the treatment group in patients aged 18–60 years and lung cancer clinicians. All images were calculated in grayscale and displayed as histogram graphics with the Image-J application, and the region of interest (ROI) was performed on the lung lobes at the point of fog or gloom due to pathology, then analyzed statistically using the Independent T-Test. The results show that there is a difference in grayscale values between normal chest images and lung cancer (p 0.001). The grayscale and histogram values in lung cancer chest images (104.780+5.942) are higher and tend to the right compared to the grayscale and histogram values in normal chest images (65.361+3.313).
DIFFERENCES IN DWI IMAGE INFORMATION WITH VARIATION IN B-VALUE IN MRI BRAIN CASES TUMOR Febriana, Chindi; Susanto, Fani; Fitriana, Lutfatul; Oviyanti, Pradana Nur
Medical Imaging and Radiation Protection Research Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2023): Medical Imaging and Radiation Protection Research (MIROR) Journal
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Awal Bros

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54973/miror.v3i2.358

Abstract

Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) is a sequence used in brain tumor cases to assess molecular movement (diffusion). DWI is influenced by the selection of the b-value parameter which results in differences in the generated signal. The aim of this study is to determine the differences in b-value variations of 500, 1000, 1500 s/mm2 in brain tumor cases and identify the most optimal variation. This study is a pre-experimental study conducted using a 1.5 Tesla Philips MRI machine at a private hospital in South Jakarta from March to April 2023. The sample consisted of twelve DWI MRI images with different b-value variations. Visual grading analysis was performed by three radiology specialists, and the data were analyzed using the Friedman test in SPSS. The results showed a significant difference in image information based on the use of different b-value variations, with a pvalue of 0.05 (2.36). The use of a b-value of 1000 s/mm had the highest mean rank in the basal ganglia, cerebellum, thalamus, pons, gray matter, and lesions. The difference in image information with b-value variations visualized different brain tumor representations due to increased noise with higher b-values and suboptimal image sharpness with lower b-values due to low signal intensity. The use of b-value variations of 500, 1000, 1500 s/mm2resulted in differences in anatomical image information in sequences DWI MRI brain axial of brain cases tumor due to differences in image noise and signal intensity, with a b-value of 1000 s/mm being the most optimal variation.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHOLANGIO-PANCREATOGRAPHY EXAMINATION PROCEDURE USING BITTER TEA AND GADOLINIUM CONTRAST MEDIA IN COLELITIASIS CASES AT THE RADIOLOGY INSTALLATION OF HUSADA HOSPITAL JAKARTA Aminadi, Zein Rizka; Susanto, Fani; Utami, Hernastiti Sedya; Saputri, Lutfiana Desy
Medical Imaging and Radiation Protection Research Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2023): Medical Imaging and Radiation Protection Research (MIROR) Journal
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Awal Bros

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54973/miror.v3i2.359

Abstract

This study aims to describe the procedures for managing MRCP examinations in cases of cholelithiasis at Husada Hospital, Jakarta. This type of research is descriptive qualitative using questionnaire sheets which are used for direct observation, documentation, interviews and literature studies, then data reduction is carried out, categorized and interpreted. Observations were carried out in May- July 2023 with the subjects of this study using 2 patients. From the results of the study it can be described that the MRCP examination technique with cholelithiasis cases at Husada Hospital Jakarta has a special preparation procedure, namely fasting for 5-6 hours and 30 minutes before the examination the patient drinks bittertea (2 sachets of tea bags/4.6 g mixed with mineral water 100 ml) added with 2 mlgadolinium contrast. Patients must first screen to ensure that there are no ferromagnetic materials, this examination uses a sequence that includes a 3-plane localizer, axial dual echo, axial T2, coronal T2, thick slab, 3D MRCP Respiratory Trigger or 3D MRCP Breath hold with time 40 minute check. MRCP examination produces Axial, Coronal and 3D sections in preparation for the patient drinking bitter tea and gadolinium with the addition of 3D MRCP RTR or 3D MRCP BH sequences which can optimally show the anatomy, physiology and abnormalities ofthe gallbladder and biliary system.
Analisis Prosedur MRI Cervical Menggunakan MAVRIC pada Kasus Cervical Root Syndrome Adhista Dhianida Austin; Susanto, Fani; Mastuti, Santi Tri; Ali, Azilnawati binti
Jurnal Imejing Diagnostik (JImeD) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JANUARY 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jimed.v12i1.14021

Abstract

Background: Cervical Root Syndrome (CRS) is a neurological disorder caused by compression or irritation of the cervical nerve roots. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine is one of the primary modalities for evaluating CRS. In specific cases such as the presence of braces, the resulting artifacts can reduce image quality. The use of Multi-Acquisition Variable-Resonance Image Combination (MAVRIC) sequences has been introduced to minimize metal artifacts, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy. This study aims to analyze the MRI Cervical examination procedure using MAVRIC sequences in CRS patients. Methods: This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach conducted at the Radiology Unit of Indriati Solo Baru Hospital. Data collection was carried out through direct observation, documentation, and structured interviews with radiographers. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively to understand the examination procedure and to identify its clinical implications. Results: The MRI Cervical examination in CRS patients followed the standard cervical MRI protocol, including Localizer, Coronal T2, Sagital  T1, Sagital  T2, Sagital  T2 Fat Sat, Axial T1, Axial T2 Merge, and Myelo 2D sequences. Prior to the examination, patients underwent metal screening and removal to ensure safety and image quality. The MAVRIC sequence was added specifically to reduce metal artifacts, which enabled clearer visualization of cervical anatomical structures and pathological findings. Conclusions: The MRI Cervical examination with MAVRIC sequences provides significant benefits in reducing metal-related artifacts, thereby enhancing image quality and diagnostic accuracy in patients with Cervical Root Syndrome. Proper patient preparation and adherence to protocol are essential to maximize the effectiveness and safety of the procedure.
Co-Authors Abdul Latif Abid Yanuar Badharudin Adhista Dhianida Austin Ali, Azilnawati binti Aminadi, Zein Rizka Ammar, Hanif Dwi Azizah, Atika Nur Basuki, Samudra Prihatin Hendra Cayanan, Edgardo Che Ani, Norhidayah Fatiatun, Fatiatun Febriana, Chindi Fitriana, Lutfatul Hidayat, Fathur Rachmat Husna, Melati Amelia Idris, Festyana Fillauhid Irmawanto, Rudi Kurniawan, Martindra Yoni Kusnanto Mukti Wibowo Mastuti, Santi Tri Maulana, Andi Muh Muaziz, Agil Abdul Nadi, Danu Tirta Oviyanti, Pradana Nur Pradika, Fannisa Rahma Putri, Maharani Affanka Rahardian, Arga Pratama royan, royan Rum Sapundani Safitri, Ara Novita Samudra, Alan Saputri, Lutfiana Desy Supriyadi Supriyadi Syafi’ie, Mochammad Utami, Hernastiti Sedya Verina, Alya Widya Mufida, Widya Yuswono, Puji