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Journal : Litera

ANALISIS INTERKULTURAL TUTURAN BAHASA JERMAN DALAM BUKU AJAR DI PERGURUAN TINGGI Sudarmaji -; Pratomo Widodo
LITERA Vol 12, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v12i02.1594

Abstract

This study aims to identify intercultural utterances in German course books for higher education. The data sources were German course books, namely Studio d A1, A2, and B2 as primary course books. The data were collected through marked listening and reading techniques. They were analyzed by means of content analysis and extralingual correspondence. The findings are as follows. First, the intercultural themes are relatedto food, clothing, jobs, marriage systems, perceptions of time, politeness, traditions, regulations, and languages. Second, the factors causing differences include seasons, staple foods, ideologies (religions), language systems, welfare levels, and nations’ histories. Third, the factor of understanding of the German culture is an important foundation tounderstand intercultural utterances.
The failure to overcome trauma: “Eyes” as a silent and silenced victim in the juvenile novel Heaven (2022) Yulia Rakhmawati; Sudarmaji Sudarmaji
LITERA Vol. 25 No. 1: LITERA (MARCH 2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Languages, Arts, and Culture Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v25i1.94918

Abstract

Realistic depiction and representation of harsh reality of life have markedly emerged in children’s literature. In the age of global conversation around bullying and sexual violence, investigating trauma—formerly a forbidden, delicate topic—has gained crucial momentum. Accordingly, this study (1) examines Eyes’ traumatic disorders in Heaven (2022) by Mieko Kawakami, and (2) unveils his result of trauma recovery journey. Applying a descriptive-qualitative approach, data were gathered through systematic close reading and note-taking, and interpreted according to Judith Herman’s theory of trauma. It is revealed that Eyes’ trauma stems from chronic emotional and physical bullying, as well as non-direct sex violence, leading to extreme disassociation. His recuperation is represented as incomplete and precarious. There are moments of safety through a comforting letter-writing, yet they are unstable. Remembrance and mourning stages are constrained, as exemplified by lack of self-consciousness, absence of empathy from others, and no professional help. Reconnection falls through when he chooses a physical transformation through eye surgery over emotional recovery and relational reconciliation. To conclude, “Eyes” is an example of a silent and silenced trauma victim, whose continuous anonymity throughout the entire story functions as a form of personal, social, and narrative erasure, indicating unsuccessful trauma recovery. From this novel, the significance of performing open and honest discussion supportive environment, and empathetic team—among peers, between students-teachers, children-parents, and general public—emerge as a set of central educational message.