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GAMBARAN EPIDEMIOLOGI PENDERITA INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT (ISPA) PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TELADAN KECAMATAN MEDAN KOTA TAHUN 2016 Mega Olivia S; Jemadi .; Hiswani .
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

Health development in 2015-2019 period is Indonesia Sehat Programwith the goal of improving the health status and nutritional status of the community through health efforts and community empowerment. One of the main object of the health development is the increasing of disease control including acute respiratory infection. Acute respiratory infections is the main cause of morbidity and mortality by an infectious disease among children under five years. Acute respiratory infections is still a major health issue in Indonesia. To find out the epidemiological description of acute respiratory disease among children under five years in the working area of Puskesmas Teladan in 2016, has been done a descriptive research with series design. The population are 253 children and the sample are 155 children. Patients with acute respiratory infections most commonly found in not pneumonia category (85,2%), the most in the age group 12-36 months (42,0%), male has the highest proportion (53,5%), malnutritional status has the highest proportion (36,1%), March has the highest proportion (12,3%), incomplete immunization status has the highest proportion (56,8%), outside the working area of Puskesmas Teladan has the highest proportion (32,3%). The result of chi square analysis showed that there was no difference between the proportion of acute respiratory infections classification by age (p=0,824), nutritional status (p=0,668), residence (p=0,839), there was no difference between proportion of nutritional status by age group (p=0,313). However, there is a difference between the proportion of acute respiratory infections classification based on immunization status (p=0,014). From the result of this study, it is known that there should be a program to deliver information to the public about the risks, causing factors and how to prevent acute respiratory infection in children under five years so that the morbidity and mortality can be reduced. Key Words : Acute respiratory infections, Acute respiratory infections in children under five years
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA TIFUS ABDOMINALIS PADA ANAK YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI RSU SUNDARI MEDAN TAHUN 2016 Isna Hanim; Rahayu Lubis; Hiswani .
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

Based on Riskesdas Sumatera Utara (2007), the proportion of Typhus abdominalis in Medan city is 600 per 100,000 population. In 2016 the proportion of Typhus abdominalis cases in children whom hospitalized at RSU Sundari Medan was 86.6%. The research aims to find out the characteristic of Typhus abdominalis patient in children whom hospitalized at RSU Sundari Medan in 2016. The research is descriptive research with case series design. The population is data of Typhus abdominalis in childrenwhom hospitalized at RSU Sundari Medan was 845 patient data, and the samples is 272 patient data taken by simple random sampling. Data analysis using chi-square test and Mann whitney test. The highest sociodemographic proportions: age group 6-18 years 45,6%, males 55,9%, Islam 89,3%, not school 54,4%, and live in Medan city is 91,9%. Proportion based on clinical symptoms when admitte, the highest symptoms was fever 100.0%, no complication 89.5%, extraintestinal complication type 76,9%, tubex® test lab diagnostic result average score 4.36, average treatment duration 5 , 07 days, not own expense (BPJS, etc) 79,4%, go home treatment 77,2%. There was a significant difference between the average treatment duration based on the source of cost (p = 0.0001). There was a significant difference between the proportion of circumstances at home by source of cost (p = 0.0001). There was a significant difference betweenaverage treatment duration and the proportion of circumstances at home based on source cost. The hospital to further improve the handling of patients with Typhus abdominalis in children so as to reduce the incidence, career cases, and the occurrence of complications, and the hospital medical record to better complement of data patients with Typhus abdominalis such as tribe, education, and complication status. Keywords: Typhus abdominalis, Children 0-18 years old, Characteristics, RSU Sundari Medan
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE II DENGAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI RSUD DR. PIRNGADI MEDAN TAHUN 2016 Novelisa Lumbanraja; Rahayu Lubis; Hiswani .
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

Prevalence of communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases is double burden diseases in Indonesia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the non-communicable diseases that continues to increase in number and tend to be more at risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) infections. The prevalence of type II DM with pulmonary TB in Indonesia by 2013 is 400 / 100,000 inhabitants. The purpose of this research is to know the characteristics of DM type II with pulmonary TB in RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan in 2016. Research is descriptive with case series design. Population is all data of DM type II patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with many sample that is 112 patient. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively while bivariate data were analyzed using Chi-Square test.           The results showed the highest proportion of patients with type II DM and pulmonary tuberculosis were age group ≥ 40 years (92%), male (60,7%), Bataknese (63,4%), Islam (60,7%), SMA (equal to 76.8%), entrepreneur (38.4%), Medan City (58%), HbA1C (70.5%), HbA1C ≥ 7% (uncontrolled) %), Smear positive pulmonary TB (82.1%), new cases (37.5%) and relapse cases (37.5%), heart and blood vessel disorders (36.6%), Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs OHO) (64.3%), BPJS / ASKES / KIS (90.2%), becoming outpatient / PBJ (83%). There was no significant difference between the proportion of HbA1C levels based on the proportion of type II DM treatment (p = 1,000) and there was a significant difference between the proportion of HbA1C levels based on the proportion of sputum microscopic pulmonary examination results (0.0001).               The results showed a difference between the proportion of HbA1C levels based on the proportion of sputum microscopy pulmonary examination results. It is desirable for the hospital to check HbA1C levels for DM type II patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and to the patient to be treated immediately and prevent transmission to others and is expected to perform routine HbA1C examination.Keywords: Type 2 DM, Pulmonary TB, characteristic of the patient
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DENGAN KOMPLIKASI STROKE DI RSUP H. ADAM MALIK TAHUN 2014-2016 Ribka Valentina S; Jemadi .; Hiswani .
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

In Indonesia, the percentage of adults with hypertension increased from 8% in 1995 to 32% in 2008. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. The research was conducted to know the characteristic of hypertension patient with stroke complication at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan.                The research method is descriptive research with case series design. The population of all patients with hypertension with stroke complication 2014-2016 as many as 113 people.                     The result from this study obtained that the highest proportion of hypertension patient with stroke complication is in the age group 55-59 years old (28,3%), male gender (51,3%), Bataknese (61,1%), Islam (51,3%), entrepreneurs (27.5%), married (79,6%), lives outside of Medan city (72,6%), hypertension stage 2 (72,6%), hemorrhagic stroke (85,0%), normal body mass index (22,1%), no other complications (50,4%), died (45,1%). There is no difference of the age based on the stage of hypertension (p=0,356), type of stroke (p=0,323), gender based on stage of hypertension (p=0,193), type of stroke (p=0,702), type of stroke based on stage of hypertension (p=0,431), stage of hypertension based on body mass index (p=0,748), there is difference between type of stroke and the coming home condition (p=0,002).               Recommended to people at risk of hypertension to routinely check blood pressure and make a healthy lifestyle. To people with hypertension to do regular control and take medication regularly and do a healthy lifestyle to prevent the occurrence of complications.  Keywords: Hypertension, Stroke, Characteristics
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DENGAN KOMPLIKASI YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT HAJI ADAM MALIK MEDAN TAHUN 2016 Swanry Yanti Nainggolan; Hiswani .; Sri Novita Lubis
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
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Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disease. According to International Diabetes Federation (2015), global prevalence of DM in adults aged 20-79 years reached 8,8%. Based on data from Riskesdas 2013, the prevalence of diabetes was 2,1% in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to know the characteristics of patients of type 2 DM with complications who were hospitalized in RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan in 2016. This research is descriptive with case series design. The population is the people of type 2 DM with complications who are hospitalized. Sample of 150 people, taken with simple random sampling. The data was collected by using secondary data and analyzed with Chi-Square and Kruskal Wallis. The result showed the proportion of patiens with complications of type 2 DM was highest in the age group >40 years (94,0%), female (51,3%), Bataknese (64,0%), Moslem (48,6%), Senior High School (52,0%), housewife (34,6%), married (77,3%), live outside Medan (62,0%), diabetic feet (38,0%), chronic complication (78,0%), insulin (54,7%), BPJS (91,3%), average length of stay 10 days, becoming outpatient (68,7%). The statictical test resulted, there was no difference in the proportion of age by sex (p=0,741), age based on category of complication (p=0,319), sex based on category of complication (p=0,173), category of complication based on medicine (p=0,908), avarage length of stay based on category of complication (p=0,051), there was difference category of complication based on condition by going home (p=0,003). It suggest to the hospital and medicine personnel can be an educator to prevent diabetes mellitus complication to increase patient of diabetes mellitus chronic. Patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with complications diciplint to do the recommended diet and for age group ≤40 years to always keep a balanced life style and diet. Keywords: Chracteristics, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Complications
GAMBARAN DISTRIBUSI DIABETES MELLITUS DENGAN KOMPLIKASI GAGAL GINJAL PADA LANSIA DI RUMAH SAKIT ST ELISABETH TAHUN 2012-2016 Serlin Halim; Hiswani .; Sri Novita Lubis
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of non communicable disease have prevalence and death increase in the world. One of DM complication is diabetic kidney disease or nefropathy diabetic. Proportion of  Nefropathy diabetic is 44% as kidney disease in the world (CDC,2014). The proportion nefropathy diabetic was 22% in Indonesia (PERNEFRI,2015). In St Elisabeth hospital Medan, proportion of nefropathy diabetic was 8,5% . This research is use case series design. The population and sample were all the patiens of DM with complication diabetic kidney disease in the elderly age, 111 cased. The data was collected by using secondary data and analyzed with chi-square and fisher. The result showed the proportion of patiens with complication diabetic kidney disease was highest in the age group 60-74 age (91%), female (52,3%), bataks (84,7%), Christian (60,4%), household (32,4%), live out of Medan (57,7%), married (91,9%), don’t have family history  (64%), Type II DM (89,2%), KGD ≥200 mg/dL (57,7%), without checkup HbA1c (64,9%), HbA1c ≥6,5% (82,1%), OHO (95,5%), Check-up albumin level (89,2%), Albumin ≥30mg/24jam (96,0%), Non-hemodialisys (58,6%), becoming outpatient (73,9%), dan own cost (70,3%). The statictical test result, there was no difference of age based on treatment therapy (p=0,149), no difference of type DM based on medicine (p=0,089), no difference of type DM based on treatment therapy (p= 0,546), and no difference of KGD based on medicine (p=0,394). In suggested for St Elisabeth hospital for should do the check up of HbA1c routine so that get the accurate check up and for patient will do the hemodialis accord to medical team. For patient nefropathy diabetic should do hemodialysis as recommended medic team.
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DENGAN KOMPLIKASI ULKUS KAKI DIABETIK YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT VITA INSANI PEMATANGSIANTAR TAHUN 2013-2016 Isnawati Devega Sihaloho; Hiswani .; Sri Novita Lubis
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

ABSTRACT According to data from Health Research Association (2013), the prevalence of DM in Indonesia 2,1%. The prevalence of DM in 2013 in North Sumatera 2,3%. The prevalence of DM in 2013 in Pematangsiantar 2,2%. Approximately 15% of individuals with DM will experience of foot ulcer with risk of amputation by 14-24%. The purpose of this research is to find out the characteristics of patients type 2 DM with complications diabetic foot ulcer who were hospitalized at Vita Insani Pematangsiantar Hospital Year 2013-2016. This study is descriptive with case series design. The population and sample were 120 patients. Statistic analysis using Chi-Square and Kruskal Wallis. The highest proportion of patients with type 2 DM with complications of diabetic foot ulcer in ≥50 years old group (84,2%), female (52,5%), Batak Toba (41,7%), Christian Protestant (61,7%), Senior High School (52,5%), housewives (31,7%), Pematangsiantar (56,7%), degree 4 (38,3%), while blood glucose levels ≥200 mg/dL (68,3%), did not conduct bacteriological examination (78,3%), surgical treatment therapy (55,8%), not own cost (69,2%), average length of stay 5 days, becoming outpatient (91,7%). The statictical test   resulted, there is no significant difference between the proportion of distribution of age based on degree of diabetic foot ulcers (p=0,554), sex based on degree of diabetic foot ulcers (p=0,720), blood glucose levels based on degree of diabetic foot ulcers (p=0,477), duration of treatment on average based on degree of diabetic foot ulcers (p=0,051). There is a        difference between the proportion of distribution of therapeutic treatment based on degree of diabetic foot ulcers (p=0,036). It’s suggested for Vita Insani Pematangsiantar Hospital to improve information for foot care and proper handling when the sores. It’s suggested for patients of type 2 DM      perform the recommended diet, regular exercise, consume medicine of DM, checking blood glucose regularly. The patients of type 2 DM with complication diabetic foot ulcer should to implement the above suggestions, do foot care, health care visit immediately if found injury in foot. Keywords :      Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Characteristic, Vita Insani Pematangsiantar Hospital
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA RETINOPATI DIABETIK YANG DIRAWAT INAP DI RSUD DR. PIRNGADI KOTA MEDAN TAHUN 2013-2016 Ade Ayu Lanniari Harahap; Hiswani .; Sri Novita Lubis
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is chronic complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) which the main causes of decreased vision and blindness in diabetes patients. World Health Organization (2016) reported that prevalence of retinopathy in person with DM in 2012 is 35% while proliferative retinopathy is 7%. In Indonesia, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and blindness in Indonesian adult with type 2 diabetes in 2017 is 42%. The proportion of diabetic retinopathy patients in RSUP H Adam Malik Medan in 2012-2015 is 36,7%. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of diabetic retinopathy are hospitalized in RSUD dr. Pirngadi Medan city in 2013-2016, Thus research is descriptive with case series design. The population of this research is 105 data of diabetic retinopathy patients are hospitalized in RSUP H Adam Malik Medan in 2013-2016, the sample is the same as the population. The kind of data was secondary and analize by Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact test. The result showed the higest proportion of diabetic retinopathy patients at ages 46-65 years (67,6%), women (54,3%), Moslem (74,2%), secondary education ((68,6%), housewife ((48,6%), origin from Medan city (69,5%), type 2 diabetes (94,3%), HbA1c level ≥6,5% (78,1%), RDNP degree (71,4%), other complication ulcus diabetic (20%), askes/BPJS (58,1%), average length of stay 8,68 hari. There was a difference between HbA1c level by the degree of diabetic retinopathy (p=0,004). To the Government and the hospital to do the efforts of prevention, promotion and screening for diabetic patients. The diabetic patients should do routine blood glucose levels control and to diabetic retinopathy patients check the eyes at least once a year. Need to do further research about diabetic retinopathy to be a reference for review the characteristics of diabetic retinopathy in Indonesia and early detection to reduces diabetic retinopathy.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT (ISPA) PADA BAYI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KAMPUNG BARU KECAMATAN MEDAN MAIMUN TAHUN 2017 Leli Fatimah Nasution; Hiswani .; Sri Novita Lubis
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases in the world, it is one of the main cause of consultation or inpatient in the health service, especially in the child care section. PMR of ARI in toddlers in the world were 26,7%. The prevalence of ARI in Indonesia at 2013 was 25,0%. The aim of this research is to determine factors related with ARI in infants in the Puskesmas Kampung Baru Medan Maimun districk at 2017. This research was an analytic using cross sectional design. The population of this research were all infant that is in the working area Health Center of Kampung Baru and the sampling tehnique is purpossive sampling for 103 person. Data were analyzed by chi square test with 95% CI. The result of research indicates that prevalence rate of ARI is 59,2%, the highest frequency distribution on the 11 month old 16,5%, female 51,5%, good nutrition status 79,6%, exclusive breastfeeding status 53,4%, not yet received DPT/Hib and measles, for immunization status 63,1%. For the characteristics of the mother, the highest proportion were senior high school 68,0% and housewife job 78,6%. For the characteristics of the environment, the highest proportion were occupation density 55,3%, used burnt mosquito coils 93,2%, used lpj 82,5%, and existence of smoker 81,6%. The result of statistic analysis indicates there is a significant relationship of age (p=0,022), nutrition status (p=0,034), exclusive breastfeeding status (p=0,025), occupation density (p=0,034), and existence of smoker (p=0,028) with incident of ARI. It is suggested to the mothers for giving exclusive breastfeeding, that was a human right of the infants, for giving of good nutrition for the growth and development of infants, and then for the family members to not smoke when at the home. Keywords : ARI, Infants, Puskesmas Kampung Baru  
Gambaran Epidemiologi Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Di Rumah Sakit Umum Sundari Medan Tahun 2016 Hertati Pasaribu; Fazidah A Siregar; Hiswani .
Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi Vol 1, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi
Publisher : Gizi, Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Epidemiologi

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus through Aedes aegypti mosquito bites. Medan city is one of the areas categorized as endemic in North Sumatera Province. In 2013 there are 1,270 cases with 0.7% Case Fatality Rate (CFR) in-crease in 2014 with 1,699 cases and CFR 0.9%. In RSU Sundari Medan in 2015 as many as 297 cases and 338 cases in 2016. The aims to identify the epidemiology of DHF patients at Sundari General Hospital Medan in 2016. This is a descriptive study with case series design. Population of this research is 338 data and 183 samples of data DHF patients using Simple Random Sampling. Statistical analysis use Exact Fisher, Chi-Square, Kruskal Wallis, Kolmogorov Smirnov, and Mann-Whitney. The result shows that the largest proportion of DHF patients was 15-24 years old (24,6%), male (54.1%), Islam (89,1%), senior high school (29.5%), student (32,8%), from Medan (94,0%), time is December (12.6%), platelet count at hospital ≤100.000/mm3 (55,2%), platelet count when out of hospital >100.000/mm3 (78,7%), percentage of hematocrit at hos-pital <20% (73,8%), percentage hematocrit when out of hospital <20% (95,6%), grade I (86.3 %), average length of stay 5,14 days, recovery (76,0%), source of cost is not own expense (83,1%). There was no significant difference in severity based on age, the severity based on the condition when returned. There was a significant difference in proportion between platelet when out of hospital based on platelet when first day in hospital, hematocrit when out of hospital based on hematocrit when first day in hospital, the average length of stay based on the condition when returned, the average length of stay based on the source of cost. It was suggested that RSU Sundari Medan should improve the quality of service to people and can anticipate if there is an increase of DHF patients. Keywords : DHF, Patient Epidemiology, Sundari General Hospital