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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Reaktor International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) METANA JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Majalah Ilmiah MOMENTUM Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Jurnal Geofisika Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis

A Abdullah

Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Diponegoro Semarang

Author-ID : 217945

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Kinetic study of the utilisation of different substrates to lactic acid using Lactobacillus delbrueckii A Abdullah; Hanapi bin Mat; W Widayat
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.4

AbstractLactic acid fermentation includes several reactions in association with the microorganism growth. A kinetic study was performed of the utilisation of multiple substrates to lactic acid using Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Batch fermentation was performed to study effect of different substrates such as glucose, fructose and sucrose. The objective of this research is to study kinetics grow microbial. An anaerobic fermentation were studied in 3 litres stirred fermentor (Biostat B Model) with working volume of 1 liter: temperature = 40ºC, pH=6.0, inoculums size= 5%, sugar concentration= 20 g/L. During the first hours of fermentation, glucose and fructose accumulated in the medium and the rate of hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose was faster than conversion of these substrate. The maximum concentration of glucose and fructose was 5.82 and 5.14 g/L respectively. The sucrose, glucose, and fructose consumption completely utilized at 56, 68, and 104 hours, respectively. Kinetic parameter for maximum specific growth rate in glucose, fructose and sucrose is 0.083, 0.024, and 0.024 (h-1), respectively. The saturation constant is 4.64, 3.41, and 1.36 g/L.Keywords: Kinetic Study, Sugars, Lactic Acid, Maximum Specific Growth Rate, Saturation Constant AbstrakFermentasi asam laktat melibatkan banyak reaksi dalam pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Studi kinetika reaksi tentang kinerja penggunaan berbagai subtrat untuk memproduksi asam laktat dengan Lactobacillus delbrueckii.Subtrat yang digunakan adalah glukosa, fruktosa, dan sukrosa, dengan proses fermentasi curah. Penelitian ini bertujuan memepelajari kinetika pertumbuhan mikroba. Fermentasi anaerobik dilakukan dalam fermentor 3 liter (Biostat B Model) dengan volume total 1 liter, temperatur = 40ºC, pH= 6.0, konsentrasi inokulum = 5%, konsentrasi gula = 20 g/L. Selama satu jam pertama fermentasi, glukosa dan fruktosa diakumulasi dalam medium dan laju reaksi hidrolisis sukrosa menjadi glukosa dan fruktosa sangat cepat dibandingkan dengan konversi substrat ini. Konsentrasi glukosa dan fruktosa adalah 5.82 dan 5.14 g/L. Waktu yang dibutuhkan sukrosa, glukosa dan fruktosa masing-masing adalah 56, 68, dan 104 jam. Parameter kinetika untuk laju pertumbuhan spesifik maksimum dalam medium glukosa, fruktosa, dan sukrosa masing-masing adalah 0.083, 0.024, dan 0.024 (h-1). Konstanta saturasi adalah 4.64, 3.41, dan 1.36.Kata Kunci: Kinetika Reaksi, Gula, Asam Laktat, Laju Pertumbuhan Spesifik Maksimum, Konstanta Saturasi

CHARACTERISATION OF SOLID AND LIQUID PINEAPPLE WASTE Abdullah Abdullah; Hanafi Mat
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 1, Juni 2008
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The pineapple waste is contain high concentration of biodegradable organic material and suspended solid. As a result it has a high BOD and extremes of pH conditions. The pineapple wastes juice contains mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose and other nutrients. The characterisation this waste is needed to reduce it by recycling to get raw material or for conversion into useful product of higher value added products such as organic acid, methane , ethanol, SCP and enzyme. Analysis of sugar indicates that liquid waste contains mainly sucrose, glucose and fructose. The dominant sugar was fructose, glucose and sucrose. The fructose and glucose levels were similar to each other, with fructose usually slightly higher than glucose. The total sugar and citric acid content were 73.76 and 2.18 g/l. The sugar content in solid waste is glucose and fructose was 8.24 and 12.17 %, no sucrose on this waste

UTILIZATION OF PINEAPPLE WASTE AS CARBON SOURCE Abdullah Moch Busairi
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 4, Desember 2009
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

The liquid pineapple waste contains mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose and other nutrients. It therefore can potentially be used as carbon source for organic acid fermentation. The objective of this work is to evaluate the use of pineapple waste as substrate for lactic acid fermentation under variables of aerobic, anaerobic condition and pH controlling. Initial results showed that the liquid pineapple waste can be used as carbon source for lactic acid fermentation using Lactobacillus delbrueckii. In the anaerobic condition growth of bacteria and lactic acid production better than aerobic condition. In the anaerobic condition and the controlled pH the production of lactic acid are found to be 54.79 g/l (78.27% yield) at 40oC, pH 6, 50 rpm and 70 g/l sugar concentration. In contrast, only 13.87g/l lactic acid produced if the fermentation pH was not controlled even though the fermentation parameters were kept at the same conditions

CONVERSION OF PINEAPPLE JUICE WASTE INTO LACTIC ACID IN BATCH AND FED – BATCH FERMENTATION SYSTEMS Abdullah Mochamad Busairi
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 2, Desember 2008
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Pineapple juice waste contains valuable components, which are mainly sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Recently, lactic acid has been considered to be an important raw material for the production of biodegradable lactide polymer. The fermentation experiments were carried out in a 3 litres fermentor (Biostat B Model) under anaerobic condition with stirring speed of 50 rpm, temperature at 40oC, and pH of 6.00. Effect of feed concentration on lactic acid production, bacterial growth, substrate utilisation and productivity was studied. The results obtained from fed- batch culture fermentation showed that the maximum lactic acid productivity was 0.44 g/L.h for feed concentration of 90 g/L at 48 hours. Whereas the lactic acid productivity obtained from fed-batch culture was twice and half fold higher than that of batch culture productivity. Buangan jus nanas mengandung komponen yang berharga terutama sukrosa, glukosa, dan fruktosa. Asam laktat adalah bahan baku yang terbaru dan penting untuk dibuat sebagai polimer laktat yang dapat terdegradasi oleh lingkungan. Percobaan dilakukan pada fermentor 3 liter (Model Biostat B) di bawah kondisi anaerob dengan kecepatan pengadukan 50 rpm, temperatur 40oC, dan pH 6,00. Pengaruh konsentrasi umpan terhadap produksi asam laktat, pertumbuhan mikroba, pengggunaan substrat dan produktivitas telah dipelajari. Hasil yang didapatkan pada fermentasi dengan menggunakan sistem fed-batch menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas asam laktat maksimum adalah 0.44 g/L,jam dengan konsentrasi umpan, 90 g/L pada waktu 48 jam. Bahkan produktivitas asam laktat yang didapat pada kultur fed-batch lebih tinggi 2,5 kali dari pada proses menggunakan sistem batch

The Effect of Functionalization Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) on the Performance of PES-CNTs Mixed Matrix Membrane Ahmad Mustafa; Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Abdullah Busairi; Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

A new type of mixed matrix membrane consisting of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polyethersulfone (PES) is prepared for biogas purification. PES mixed matrix membrane with and without modification of carbon nanotubes were prepared by a dry/wet phase inversion technique using a pneumatically flat sheet membrane casting machine system. The modified carbon nanotubes were prepared by treating the carbon nanotubes with chemical modification using Dynasylan Ameo (DA) silane agent to allow PES chains to be grafted on carbon nanotubes surface. The results from the FESEM, DSC and FTIR analysis confirmed that chemical modification on carbon nanotubes surface had taken place. Meanwhile, the nanogaps in the interface of polymer and carbon nanotubes were appeared in the PES mixed matrix membrane with unmodified of carbon nanotubes. The modified carbon nanotubes mixed matrix membrane increases the mechanical properties, the productivity and purity of biogas. For PES-modified carbon nanotubes mixed matrix membrane the maximum selectivity achieved for CO2/CH4 is 36.78

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI KAPANG DAN LAJU ALIR VOLUMETRIK UDARA TERHADAP PROSES FERMENTASI ASAM SITRAT DARI LIMBAH PADAT BUAH NANAS . Widayat; . Abdullah; D. Soetrisnanto; M. Hadi
JURNAL ILMIAH MOMENTUM Vol 3, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36499/jim.v3i2.618

Buah nanas mengandung karbohidrat kira-kira 13% yang terdiri dari; glukosa 1-3,2%, fruktosa 0,6-2,3% dan sukrosa 5,9-12%. Buah nanas dan limbah berpotensi sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan asam sitrat dengan proses fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrai jamur dan laju alir udara terhadap proses fermentasi asam sitrat. Proses pembuatan asam sitrat yang meliputi tahapan persiapan alat, persiapan kultur Aspergillus niger, persiapan media, proses fermentasi dan analisa hasil. Produk dianalisa konsentrasi asam sitrat, asam oksalat, asam malat dan asam suksinat dengan HPLC. Variabel tetap pada penelitian ini adalah tekanan, temperatur, konsentrasi jus kulit buah nana, pH awal 4, dan nutrien N, P dan K. Variabel berubah yang dipelajari adalah laju alir udara (skala 2, skala 4, skala 6) dan konsentrasi kapang/spora Asergillus niger (1 x 107 spora, 2 x 107 spora). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan. bahwa laju alir udara akan meningkatkan produktifitas asam sitrat maupun asam oksalat dan asam malat dan konsentrasi spora juga akan meningkatkan produktifitas asam sitrat. Untuk laju alir udara volumetrik disarankan pada skala 42,4 cc/detik. Kata kunci :konsentrasi kapang Aspergillus niger, konsentasi asam sitrat, konsentrasi asam oksalat dan malat, laju aerasi..

PROSES KULTIVASI Spirulina platensis MENGGUNAKAN POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) SEBAGAI MEDIA KULTUR DALAM RACEWAY OPEN POND BIOREACTOR Elisa Mutiah; Erlinda Khoirunisa; A Abdullah
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (175.089 KB)

Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengkultivasi Spirulina platensis pada media POME menggunakan raceway open pond bioreactor selama 5 hari. Penelitian dengan variabel konsentrasi POME (pengenceran 3×, 4×, 5×) dan kepadatan umpan Spirulina platensis (0.443 g/L; 0.618 g/L; 0.952 g/L) ini, bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh variabel tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan Spirulina platensis dan mengetahui perpaduan yang paling baik untuk kedua variabel yang dipelajari. Respon yang diambil adalah biomassa kering dari Spirulina platensis. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa untuk konsentrasi POME dengan pengenceran 5× memberikan biomassa kering Spirulina platensis paling baik yaitu mencapai 0.7592 g/L. Sedangkan pada kepadatan umpan Spirulina platensis yang memberikan biomassa kering paling baik mencapai 0.9932 g/L adalah kepadatan umpan 0.443 g/L. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk mendapatkan biomassa paling baik dari Spirulina platensis, digunakan konsentrasi POME dengan pengenceran 5× menggunakan umpan Spirulina platensis pada kepadatan 0.443 g/L. Dari penelitian ini, diharapkan dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk waktu kultivasi yang lebih lama sehingga dapat menjadi kontribusi bagi upaya budidaya Spirulina plantesis untuk dimanfaatkan dalam bahan makanan, pakan, kecantikan, dan kesehatan.

PENGHILANGAN WARNA COKLAT LARUTAN GULA STEVIA MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF Ibrahim Ghazi; Bayu Wicaksono; Abdullah Abdullah
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (137.804 KB)

At this time there is many prospecting ofalternative natural sweetener that has a high level of sweetness, low in calories and not carcinogenic. One of those is the natural sweetener stevia from the leaves of the stevia plant. One of the method to get the sweetener is byextracting the stevia leaf. However, after the process of extraction the solution turns brown due to tannins that contained in the stevia leaf. Oneof the processto eliminate tanninfrom the solution is by using activated carbon to absorb tannins. Materials used in this research is dried stevia leaves, water, activated carbon, and citric acid. Then equipments used is beaker glass, pipette, measuring glass, magnetic stirrer, heater, pH meter, filter paper, scale, and spectrophotometer. Extraction process used 65oC of temperature, 300 rpm of stirring speed for 10 minutes. Adsorption processdid at room temperature within 24 hours. After adsorption process each sample will be analyze with spectrophotometer using 725 nm of wavelength to get the amount of tannin contained. The result of this research is the higher pH operation that used the smaller tannin that contained. Then the lower temperature that used to heated the adsorbent the smaller tannin that contained. The optimum conditiom for tannin adsorption based on this research is using 200 oC of temperature to heated the adsorbent and using 6 of pH operation.

PROSES EKSTRAKSI REAKTIF MINYAK JAHE DENGAN KATALIS HCL DENGAN BERBANTUKAN GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK Dian Arofisma; Maharani Kusumaningrum; Abdullah Abdullah
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (216.646 KB)

The increased consumption of essential oil is mainly used in the pharmaceutical industry. One type of the essential oil is ginger oil (Zingiber officinale). The main of reaction to produce ginger oil is esterification reaction. The reaction takes place relative slowly, and it doesn’t occur perfectly so it needs many catalyzes and alcohol.This research is expected can reduce the acid level of ginger oil and it can be obtained by the reaction of ginger oil product assisted by ultrasonic waves. The aim of this research is to obtainoptimumconditions forginger oilproductionprocesswithultrasonicwaveswhich includesa variabletemperature, catalyst concentrationto the weight ofmethanol, and theweight ratio ofmethanolbyweight ginger, to determine the most variables effect are temperature, catalyst concentrationto the weight ofmethanol, and theweight ratio ofmethanolbyweight ginger, toacquirethe characteristics ofginger oilgenerated with low acid level, and to know zingerone component in ginger oil. The research is done by ultrasonic cleaner with frequency of 40 KHz, time for reaction is 60 minutes. In this research, the variabels include the ratio of weight ginger with methanol 1:8, 1:10, 1:12, the catalyst of 2% methanol(wt),3% methanol(wt), 4% methanol(wt), And the reaction of variable temperature of 400C, 600C, 800C. The optimum variables with central composite design are the ratio of weight ginger with methanol 1:9,72; the catalyst of 3,21 % methanol(wt), And the reaction of variable temperature of 65,920C so it has getting an optimum yield 67,09%. highest of ginger oil conversion obtained were 64,97%, with ginger : metanol of 1:10, catalyst of 3% and operation temperature of 60oC.

PRODUKSI ENZIM INVERTASE OLEH SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE MENGGUNAKAN SUBSTRAT GULA DENGAN SISTEM FERMENTASI CAIR Argadenta Adi Prabawa; Emil Hanityo Utomo; A. Abdullah
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.604 KB)

Sugar is one of simple carbohydrates that act as source of primary energy and popular commodity trading. Sugar most widely traded in the form of crystalline solid sucrose. The addition of sucrose in the media serves as a carbon source. The purpose of this study was to produce the invertase enzyme, Assessing the impact of substrate concentration and nitrogen source on the production of invertase, and establish optimum conditions for production of the invertase enzyme. In this study the method used is a liquid fermentation systems. Research carried out in erlenmeyer with fixed variables, among other nutrients in the media (MgSO4.7H2O KH2PO4 0.5 mg and 2.3 mg), fermentation temperature of 30oC, fermentation pH 4.5 and within 48 hours and media were incubated in an incubator Secker . The variables changed in this study is the concentration of sucrose, among others, 100; 125; and 150 g / L and the concentration of N sources, including 2.6; 3.2, and 3.8 g / L. The results of fermentation was separated by centrifugation to obtain the invertase enzyme, then the protein levels were analyzed by the Lowry’s method and enzyme activity were tested using the method of DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid). The experimental results showed that sugar substrates can be used to produce the invertase enzyme by Saccharomyces cerevieae with protein levels of 5.309 mg / L and the resulting enzyme activity 0.05916 mmol / L.minute. The most optimum enzyme activity is achieved at a concentration of sucrose and nitrogen sources are sufficient (125 g / L and 3.2 g / L).

Co-Authors . Bahtiar . Widayat Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Mustafa Aisy, S R Al Hadatz, Jubair Alice Pramashinta Andi Irwan Nur, Andi Irwan Ardina, Wa Ode Argadenta Adi Prabawa Bakti Jos Bayu Wicaksono Broto Dhegdo Haris Pranoto Cholish D. Soetrisnanto Danang Kristiyanto Dian Arofisma Dyah Hesti Wardhani Elisa Mutiah Elisa Mutiah Emil Hanityo Utomo Erlinda Khoirunisa Erlinda Khoirunisa F Armanda, F Fahmi Arifan Fenti, La Ode Gandini, D. R. A H Hadiyanto H Hamid H. Satriadi Hamid Hamid Hanafi Mat Hanapi bin Mat Hanapi bin Mat Hantoro Satriado Hargono Hargono Ibrahim Ghazi Ika Windrianto K. Handono Iswandi, . Kasim, Ma'ruf La Anadi, La Lin Liu Lucia Hermawati Rahayu M. Hadi M. Hadi Maani, Gratischa VHL Madrinovella, I Maharani Kusumaningrum Malau, Ayu Tamara Marcelinus Christwardana Marlia, . Nadia, La Ode Abdul Rajab Njie, Yahya Pranata, B Prima Astuti Handayani Salsabila, Unik Hanifah Samida, . Sasmito, Hardianto Setiawan, Y A Siswo Sumardiono Sitepu, Trahman Suhardja, S K Teguh Riyanto Tutuk Djoko Kusworo Weidong Wang

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