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Application of the Principles of al-Tawabi', al-Ashl wa al-Fara' and al-Ashl wa al-Badal in Islamic Family Law Soni Irawan, Ah.; Faizah, Isniyatin; Hariati, Nina Agus
The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Law and Civil Law Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51675/ijil and cil.v6i2.1270

Abstract

The principles of al-tawābi’, al-aṣhl wa al-fara’ and al-aṣhl wa al-badal in the book al-asybah wa al-nadhair are non-fundamental universal principles that are not limited to partial forms. These principles are closely related to one another, but differ in their main points in context. This study aims to describe and apply the principles of al-tawābi', al-aṣhl wa al-fara', and al-aṣhl wa al-badal and their branches to issues of Islamic family law. This study is normative or library research with a qualitative approach using descriptive analysis methods. The results of the study conclude that the application of the al-tawābi' principle includes the validity of the dowry following the validity of the marriage contract, the rights of children such as lineage, inheritance, and maintenance from their father following the validity of their parents' marriage, and the prohibition of marrying the wife's relatives such as brothers, mothers, daughters, aunts, and grandmothers. Meanwhile, the application of the principle of al-aṣhl wa al-fara’ is that the validity of the marriage guardian determines the validity of the marriage contract, murder and non-Muslims become obstacles for heirs to obtain inheritance, and the existence/absence of rights and obligations attached to husband and wife is determined by the status of the marriage bond. The application of the principle of al-aṣhl wa al-badal is that a wife's request for divorce from her husband through khulu' must be replaced with the payment of 'iwadh (ransom/compensation), the guardian judge becomes a substitute for the absence/excuse of the blood guardian in the marriage contract, and the person entitled to bear the responsibility of providing for the family if the husband is unable to provide for his children and wife due to serious illness, then the responsibility shifts to the husband's family.
Urgensi Pembatasan Masa Jabatan Pemerintah Desa Untuk Mewujudkan Desa Anti Korupsi Rohmah, Elva Imeldatur; Faizah, Isniyatin
Sosio Yustisia: Jurnal Hukum dan Perubahan Sosial Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): May
Publisher : Magister Hukum Tata Negara Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/sosyus.v4i1.577

Abstract

Kepala dan perangkat desa adalah unsur penting dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa yang berperan dalam melaksanakan program-program pembangunan, pemberdayaan, dan pelayanan kepada masyarakat desa. Namun, mereka berpotensi terlibat dalam KKN yang merugikan kepentingan umum dan menghambat kemajuan desa. Salah satu faktor yang diduga memicu terjadinya KKN adalah masa jabatan mereka yang begitu lama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan konseptual. Bahan hukum primer meliputi Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 43 Tahun 2014 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Bahan hukum sekunder meliputi buku-buku, jurnal, artikel, dan putusan pengadilan yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembatasan masa jabatan kepala dan perangkat desa memiliki urgensi yang tinggi dalam rangka mencegah dan memberantas KKN di desa. Pembatasan masa jabatan kepala dan perangkat desa dapat memberikan dampak positif, antara lain: (1) meningkatkan kinerja dan akuntabilitas; (2) mendorong regenerasi dan inovasi dalam kepemimpinan desa; (3) mengurangi potensi penyalahgunaan wewenang dan sumber daya desa; dan (4) memperkuat partisipasi dan pengawasan masyarakat terhadap pemerintahan desa. Pembatasan masa jabatan kepala dan perangkat desa juga memiliki urgensi yang sangat besar dalam mewujudkan desa anti korupsi.
The Urgency of Expert Witnesses in Settlement of Cases in The Egyptian Judicial Legal System Ibrahim Munib; Abdurrasyied, Muhammad Hasyied; Faizah, Isniyatin
The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Law and Civil Law Vol 5 No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51675/jaksya.v5i1.749

Abstract

This research seeks to describe the presence of expert witnesses in the Egyptian court system. They are utilizing a literature study whose primary data comes from books, journals, reports, and laws. Then, the data is processed descriptively and analytically to explain the subject matter described. The results showed that expert witnesses, or in Egyptian terms referred to as Expert Witness Reports, are enshrined in the Egyptian Evidence Law, No. 25 of 1968, used in Egyptian courts to obtain specialized advice on specific legal issues. Legal regulations govern the procedure for selecting expert witnesses and require the court to appoint one or three experts who must meet specific criteria. The whole process of the expert report must be conducted within the courtroom. The rules regarding the presence of expert witnesses in Egyptian courts also underline the importance of expert witnesses in legal proceedings. The rules emphasize the efforts made to ensure transparency, accuracy, and excellence in expert witness reports, essential to facilitate dispute resolution in court. The government takes a role in this matter through payment facilities for expert witnesses, not all of which is borne by the parties to the dispute.
The Criminal Law of Forced Marriage on Children as a Preventive Measure on Sadz Dzariah's Perspective: Hukuman Pidana atas Perkawinan Paksa Terhadap Anak sebagai Tindakan Pencegahan dalam Perspektif Sadz Dzariah Shodiq, Ja’far; Faizah, Isniyatin; Aqil Musthofa, Moh.; Mahdiyah, Aisyah Nur
Al-Jinayah : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/aj.2024.10.2.219-236

Abstract

This research aims to find out the law that can criminally prosecute perpetrators of forced marriage on children and what is Sadz Dzariah's theoretical perspective on punishing perpetrators of forced marriage on children considering that marriage hurts children so the government makes criminal regulations, for cases of sexual violence where children become victims. This is most important because every child has the right to survival, growth, and development and the right to protection from violence and discrimination. In this research, the author uses a juridical-normative research method that combines conceptual analysis with legislation. The result is that, first; To provide protection and guarantee the rights of children, the government has established various laws and regulations that can prosecute perpetrators of forced marriage and sexual violence against children, such as; the Law Number 35/2014article 76 D, Law number 17/2016 article 81 and Law number 12/2022 article 10. Second; The existence of criminal articles for perpetrators of forced marriage is an effort by the government to close (سد) so that child marriage does not occur which becomes a way or cause (الذريعة) the emergence of negative impacts on children.
Pendampingan Kalibrasi Arah Kiblat sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Ketepatan Praktik Ibadah Faizah, Isniyatin
Al-Khidmah Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): SEPTEMBER-DESEMBER
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) of the Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56013/jak.v5i3.4931

Abstract

This community service program aims to improve the accuracy of qibla determination in the mosques and prayer rooms of Tepanas Hamlet through a Community Based Research (CBR) approach. Initial observations revealed qibla deviations ranging from 1° to 15°, caused by the use of traditional methods without astronomical verification and the low level of falak literacy among worship place administrators. Through the CBR model, activities were designed participatorily through several stages: problem identification, planning, training, field action, evaluation, and empowerment. The training focused on the use of the Mizwala, a highly accurate sun-shadow-based instrument, complemented by verification using GPS applications. During the field action stage, five worship facilities were successfully recalibrated, resulting in the elimination of all deviations and full alignment with the theoretical azimuth. The evaluation indicated a significant improvement in participants’ technical competence, including the ability to read the Mizwala scale and validate measurement results. The program continued with the establishment of local falakiyah cadres as a sustainability measure. The outcomes demonstrate that the CBR approach is effective in enhancing community capacity while producing an accurate, participatory, and sustainable model for qibla calibration.
Pendampingan Kalibrasi Arah Kiblat sebagai Peningkatan Akurasi Ibadah Warga NU di Dusun Panjen Desa Jenggolo Faizah, Isniyatin; Lisaniyah, Fashi Hatul; Kamelya, Silvana
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bhinneka Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Bulan November
Publisher : Bhinneka Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58266/jpmb.v4i2.825

Abstract

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan takmir masjid serta pengurus mushalla di Dusun Panjen, Desa Jenggolo, Kecamatan Jenu, Kabupaten Tuban dalam menentukan arah kiblat secara ilmiah. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal, ditemukan penyimpangan arah kiblat antara 6°–8° dari posisi Ka’bah akibat penggunaan metode tradisional tanpa koreksi deklinasi magnetik. Metode Community Based Research (CBR) digunakan untuk memastikan keterlibatan aktif masyarakat dalam setiap tahapan kegiatan, mulai dari identifikasi isu, perencanaan partisipatif, peningkatan kapasitas, hingga refleksi dan diseminasi hasil. Pelatihan meliputi teori dasar ilmu falak, praktik penggunaan alat bantu seperti kompas digital, mizwala, dan aplikasi Qibla Finder, serta kalibrasi langsung di lapangan menggunakan metode rashdul kiblat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa 85% peserta mampu melakukan kalibrasi arah kiblat secara mandiri dengan tingkat akurasi di bawah satu derajat. Kegiatan ini tidak hanya menghasilkan koreksi arah kiblat secara teknis, tetapi juga meningkatkan kesadaran spiritual dan tanggung jawab kolektif jamaah dalam menjaga kesempurnaan ibadah. Pendekatan CBR terbukti efektif dalam mengintegrasikan riset falak dengan edukasi ibadah berbasis komunitas.