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Narrative Review: Aktivitas Nefroprotektif Tanaman Herbal Yang Diinduksi Etilen Glikol Fitriani, Anisa Nur; Amalia, Eri
Farmaka Vol 21, No 2 (2023): Farmaka (Juli)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/farmaka.v21i2.46796

Abstract

Ginjal berperan penting dalam sistem eksresi dan dapat terggangu dengan adanya agen nefrotoksik sebagai contoh etilen glikol. Cemaran etilen glikol yang melebihi batas aman dapat menyebabkan kasus gagal ginjal akut hingga menimbulkan kematian. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas nefroprotektif yang diinduksi oleh etilen glikol. Metode yang digunakan yaitu mengumpulkan dan meninjau data yang memiliki kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Dari 55 artikel diperoleh 16 jenis tanaman yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan seperti flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan terpenoid yang bersifat nerfoprotektif, diantaranya balakka, gedi merah, pepolo, naga merah, kumis kucing, jamur tiram, jamur kancing, rumput bahama, ranggitan, cocor bebek, gletang, mengkudu, rumput krambilan, kemukus, jeringau, peterseli, dan kacang tunggak. Disarankan untuk penelitian lebih lanjut terkait uji klinis pada manusia untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat.Kata Kunci: Ginjal, Etilen glikol, Tanaman herbal, Nefroprotektif 
PENGUKURAN PENGETAHUAN PENYAKIT KANKER PAYUDARA DAN PEMANFAATAN BAHAN ALAM UNTUK PENYAKIT TERSEBUT PADA MASYARAKAT DESA CILIANG KECAMATAN PARIGI KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN Amalia, Eri; Sopyan, Iyan; Maisyarah, Intan Timur; Putriana, Norisca Aliza; Sriwidodo, Sriwidodo
DHARMAKARYA: Jurnal Aplikasi Ipteks untuk Masyarakat Vol 13, No 1 (2024): Maret, 2024
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/dharmakarya.v13i1.41367

Abstract

Penderita penyakit kanker payudara diketahui semakin meningkat hampir di setiap negara termasuk juga di Indonesia. Kendatipun bukan merupakan penyakit menular, penanganan kanker payudara perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius karena dapat menyebabkan kematian bagi penderita. Sosialisasi aktif kepada masyarakat mengenai pencegahan dan penanganan penyakit sejak dini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi terjadinya kasus ini. Pemahaman mengenai pemanfaatan bahan alam yang berkhasiat dalam terapi kanker payudara juga perlu diketahui oleh masyarakat, untuk memberikan harapan dan mendukung penemuan obat kanker yang berasal dari bahan alam. Penelitian yang dilakukan di desa Ciliang Kecamatan Parigi Kabupaten Pangandaran Provinsi Jawa Barat ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang pengetahuan masyarakat desa tersebut mengenai penyakit kanker payudara. Metode penelitian dalam pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuestioner model tes dikotomi mengenai pengenalan, gejala, faktor penyebab, pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI), pemanfaatan bahan alam untuk terapi kanker payudara. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan skala likert. Kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan setelah pengumpulan data untuk memberikan informasi dan penjelasan mengenai kanker payudara dan pemanfaatan bahan alam untuk penyakit tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat desa Ciliang telah memiliki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai kanker payudara dan pemanfaatan bahan alam untuk penyakit tersebut dengan skor rata-rata responden adalah 17,15 dan rentang nilai 14-21 dari total nilai 25, yang menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan yang baik hingga sangat baik. Namun, sosialisasi mengenai kanker payudara tetap harus dilakukan berkala terutama mengenai cara deteksi dini melalui teknik SADARI. Penelitian ini adalah upaya kami dalam turut meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam mencegah dan menurunkan tingkat kematian akibat kanker payudara.
Solid Dispersion Powder of Sargassum cristaefolium extract by solvent evaporation technique Amalia, Eri; Khairunnisa, Nada; Aghnia Khairinisa, Miski; Gozali, Dolih
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 6, Issue 2, May - August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v6i2.60911

Abstract

Sargassum cristaefolium is one of 782 types of seaweed/macroalgae that grows in Indonesia and is known as one of the macroalgae with bioactive compounds having an important role in the development of nutraceuticals for disease prevention and health maintenance. Sargassum cristaefolium extract (SCE) is known for its various beneficial activities such as antimigraine by reducing levels of CGRP and inhibitor of tyrosinase activity in anti-melanogenetics. Nevertheless, due to its hygroscopic viscous extract consistency and fishy odor, a suitable formulation is required to prepare a powder form of SCE and thus could be applied in a suitable dosage form. Our current study aims to develop the extract into suitable powder raw material by applying a solid dispersion technique.  The solid dispersion of SCE was initially prepared by selecting suitable carrier agents such as Aerosil, Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 101, maltodextrin, and PVP K30 with the extract in a ratio of 1:1, and continued by the combination of the carrier agents. The best powder formula was characterized by its powder characteristic, solubility and powder flow was assessed by its angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner ratio.  The experiment results that the optimum formulation for solid dispersion of SCE was obtained by the combination of SCE:PVP: MCC at a ratio of 1:1:3 with a less fishy smell, and excellent powder properties. The composite mixture was estimated due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl group of PVP and the hydroxyl group of SCE’s compound and MCC. In conclusion, solid dispersion of SCE by employing a combination of PVP and MCC can be an alternative to prepared SCE powder with optimum humidity protection and good flowability thus suitable to proceed as solid dosage form.  Keywords: Sargassum cristaefolium, solid dispersion, PVP K30, Microcrystalline                      cellulose PH101 
Antibacterial Activities of Red Mangrove (Rhizophora stylosa Griff.) Leaf Extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 Kalasuba, Karina; Rahayuningsih, Sri Rejeki; Amalia, Eri; Syaputri, Yolani; Doni, Febri; Rustama, Mia Miranti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 3 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.3.661-669

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniaeis a critical pathogen causing severe human diseases, including pneumonia. Combating the growing threat of MDRK. pneumoniae requires innovative approaches, such as exploring plant-derived antibacterial agents. Rhizophora stylosa Griff., a mangrove species with traditional medicinal uses, is recognized for its bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial properties. However, research on its bioactive constituents remains limited. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of R. stylosa leaf extracts prepared via maceration and liquid-liquid fractionation against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603. Using agar-well diffusion and cell leakage assays, the water fraction demonstrated moderate inhibition of K. pneumoniae, producing an average inhibition zone of 8.24 mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 400 mg/ml. UV-Vis spectrophotometry revealed that the water fraction disrupted protein and nucleic acid synthesis, evidenced by leakage of cellular materials at 260 and 280 nm. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of K. pneumoniae cells treated with the water fraction showed pore formation and structural damage. These results emphasize the antibacterial potential of the water fraction of R. stylosa leaves against MDRK. pneumoniae. Further investigations are necessary to isolate and identify the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these effects. Moreover, comprehensive assessments of activity and toxicity are crucial to advance R. stylosa-based antibacterial agents as promising alternatives for addressing the challenge of MDR bacterial infections.
Systematic Review : Metode dan Aplikasi Mikroenkapsulasi pada Ekstrak Bahan Alam Muharam, Firman; Sriwidodo, Sriwidodo; Amalia, Eri
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 5, No 5 (2025): Volume 5 Nomor 5 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v5i5.17066

Abstract

ABSTRACT Natural extracts have potential in the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics, and clinical applications because they are safe, non-toxic, and have relatively low side effects. Unfavorable taste and odor and stability problems are their disadvantages. The solution to these problems is microencapsulation technology. Microencapsulation is a technology that involves covering or coating a core substance with a polymer wall layer, resulting in micro-sized particles. The benefits of microencapsulation can protect compounds from various environmental factors such as oxidation, degradation, temperature, humidity, and light, thereby extending the shelf life of the product, improving the stability of active ingredients, preventing loss of activity, masking aromatic flavors and odors, improving the stability of volatile compounds and increasing bioavailability. The purpose of this review is to gather information about the application of microencapsulation to natural extracts and what the results of microencapsulation are. The literature review was conducted through Google Scholar and PubMed databases, and the literature selection was done using the PRISMA Flow Chart. This review results in microencapsulation technology for natural extracts made by ionic gelation, spray wet microencapsulation (SWM), solvent evaporation, freeze drying, fluid bed, and spray drying. Each method has a unique way of protecting the core substance with a polymer layer, resulting in useful microcapsules such as to reduce moisture, obtain suitable physicochemical characteristics, good flow rate, retain bioactive compounds, lower hygroscopicity, improve stability, increase shelf life, increase solubility, taste masking, maintain antioxidant content and pharmacological activity of natural ingredient extracts. This means the use of microencapsulation technology promises to improve the utilization of natural extracts in various pharmaceutical industries, cosmetics, and clinical applications. Keywords: Microencapsulation, Natural extracts, Methods, Applications  ABSTRAK Ekstrak bahan alam memiliki potensi dalam industri farmasi, kosmetik dan aplikasi klinis karena aman, tidak beracun dan efek samping relative rendah. tetapi kelemahannya yaitu rasa dan bau yang tidak disukai serta  masalah stabilitas. Solusi untuk masalah ini adalah teknologi mikroenkapsulasi. Mikroenkapsulasi adalah teknologi yang melibatkan penyalutan atau pelapisan zat inti oleh lapisan dinding polimer, menghasilkan partikel-partikel dengan ukuran mikro. Keunggulan mikroenkapsulasi dapat melindungi senyawa dari berbagai faktor lingkungan seperti oksidasi, degradasi, suhu, kelembaban, dan cahaya, sehingga dapat memperpanjang umur simpan produk, meningkatkan stabilitas bahan aktif, mencegah penurunan aktivitas, menutupi bau dan rasa, stabilitas dan bioavabilitas senyawa meningkat. Tujuan riview ini yaitu mengumpulkan informasi terkait aplikasi mikroenkapsulasi terhadap ekstrak bahan alam serta apa hasil dari mikroenkapsulasi tersebut. Kajian literatur dilakukan melalui database Google Scholar dan PubMed dengan seleksi literatur menggunakan Flow Diagram PRISMA. Hasil dari riview ini teknologi mikroenkapsulasi pada ekstrak bahan alam bisa dibuat dengan metode ionic gelation, spray wet microencapsulation (SWM), solvent evaporation, freeze drying, fluid bed, dan spray drying. Setiap metode memiliki cara unik dalam melindungi zat inti dengan lapisan polimer, sehingga menghasilkan mikrokapsul yang berguna seperti untuk mengurangi kelembaban, mendapatkan karakteristik fisikokimia yang sesuai, laju alir yang baik, mempertahankan senyawa bioaktif, menurunkan higroskopisitas, meningkatkan stabilitas, meningkatkan umur simpan, meningkatkan kelarutan, menutupi rasa, menjaga kandungan antioksidan dan aktivitas farmakologi ekstrak bahan alam. Penggunaan teknologi mikroenkapsulasi menjanjikan peningkatan dalam pemanfaatan ekstrak bahan alam dalam berbagai industri farmasi, kosmetik dan aplikasi klinis. Kata Kunci: Aplikasi, Ekstrak Bahan Alam, Metode, Mikroenkapsulasi.
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System Afinasari, Auliya; Amalia, Eri
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 4, Issue 3, Sep - November, 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v4i3.44254

Abstract

Drug Delivery System is a method of drug formulation, which aims to deliver the active substance to achieve a therapeutic effect in the body. Along with the development of science in the field of drug manufacturing technology, drug delivery systems have evolved from conventional to targeted delivery systems and even nanorobots, gene therapy, biological products, and long-term delivery systems.Among the drug delivery systems that have been developed, nanotechnology has been applied as a targeted delivery system such as in cancer treatment. This review is focused on nanotechnology especially in nanoparticle dosage forms, including liposomes, dendrimers, niosomes, micelles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanospheres, nanocapsules, and gold nanoparticles. The data were collected from 41 primary published journals and 20 supporting literatures. The basic principles, strategies, and carrier systems used in the manufacture of each preparation will be presented in this article, including prospects in the future for SOPs.