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Balgis .
Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sebalas Maret
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Pengaruh Penjaruman Titik Akupunktur Feishu (BL 13) dan Zusanli (ST 36) Terhadap Jumlah Limfosit CD4+ Pada Model Tikus Putih Asma Balgis,
Jurnal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Jurnal Kedokteran Indonesia

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Background: Asthma prevalence is increasing in developing and developed countries. CD4+ Th2 Celland its product play an important role in asthma pathogenesis. This study examined the effect ofneedling at Feishu (BL13) and of Zusanli (ST36) acupoints in decreasing CD4+ lymphocyte counts inasthmatic rat model.Methods: This was a randomized-controlled laboratory trial with a sample of 27 white Spargue Dawleyrats. The sample was divided into three groups by randomization: a control group (K) not given atreatment, treatment group 1 (PI) exposed with ovalbumin (OVA), and treatment group II (PII)exposed with OVA and acupuncture. OVA were given by intraperitoneal on days 1 to 14, followed withinhaled OVA on days 21, 23, 25, 27, and 29. Acupuncture was provided at Feishu (BL13) and Zusanli(ST36) points for 10 days, starting on day 21 to 30. Continuous wave electro-stimulation at 2 Hz frequencywas given for 15 minutes, with its intensity varied to induce muscle contractions around needling area.The white rats were killed on day 31 by neck dislocation. The lungs were stained with immunehistochemistry for histologic examination. The data were analyzed using One-way Anova and Post HocTest.Results: One-way Anova showed statistically significant difference in CD4+ lymphocyte counts amonggroups (p<0.001).Conclusion: Needling at Feishu (BL13) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints decreases CD4+ lymphocyte countssignificantly at treatment group II. But this decrease does not reach CD4+ lymphocyte counts as it is inthe control group.Keywords: acupuncture, CD4+ lymphocyte, asthma.
Hubungan antara Fatty Liver dengan Hipertensi Sistemik di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Belawati, Yeny Ristaning; ., Widiastuti; ., Balgis
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Fatty liver is the accumulation of fat in the liver ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Patients fatty liver is often associated with metabolic disorders. It can be seen from the results of laboratory tests of blood, such as elevated levels of Alanin Amino Transferase (ALT), Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, ferritin, and another impaired liver function test. Hypertension is one of the conditions of metabolic disorders, and by an unknown mechanism there was an allegation of relationship between fatty liver and systemic hypertension Methods: This study was an analytical observational research with cross-sectional approach. The research was taken place in Radiology Installation of RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. The samples were consisted of 20 fatty liver patients and 20 non-fatty liver patients. Dependent variable of this research was fatty liver, and independent was systemic hypertension. The data was collected by viewing the result of USG abdomen-hepar examination and measuring patient’s blood pressure by researcher. The data of research was analyzed using Chi Square test and Odds Ratio. Results: There was a significant relationship between fatty liver and hypertension systemic in RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta (p < 0,05); fatty liver patients had risk of hypertension systemic 7 times higher than the non-fatty liver patients (OR = 7) Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between fatty liver and hypertension systemic in RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, fatty liver patients have a risk of systemic hypertension 7 times greater than non-fatty liver patients Keywords: Fatty Liver, Hypertension Systemic, USG Abdomen  
Hubungan Gagal Ginjal Kronik dengan Tebal Parenkim Ginjal pada Pemeriksaan USG Abdomen Fokus Ginjal Alfiani, Nur; Suyono, .; Balgis, .
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Complication that often occurs in chronic renal failure is the reduction of the kidney size. It widely associates with the thinning of the renal cortex due to pathological process. Unlike the cortex, the pathological process which occurred in renal medulla in chronic renal failure has not fully understood yet. Not many studies have examined the association of chronic renal failure with renal parenchyma overall. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship of chronic renal failure with renal parenchyma width on abdomen USG renal focus. Method: This study was an analytical observational research with cross-sectional approach. Sample were taken using fixed-exposure sampling. Sample consisted of 30 subjects were divided into two groups, chronic renal failure and non chronic renal failure. Samples were then measured for renal parenchyma width using abdomen USG renal focus. The data were analyzed with independent-sample t test. In addition, to control confounding factor that could affect renal parenchyma width, age was selected to be controlled using multiple linear regression analysis. All of the data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 for windows. Result: Patients with chronic renal failure had renal parenchyma width 7.92±2.57 mm (p = 0.001), while patients non chronic renal failure had renal parenchyma width 15.64±1.85 mm ( p = 0.001). Furthermore, based on the calculation, the multiple linear regression analysis showed the model equation Y = 16.78 – 7.95 X1 – 1.72 X2. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the regression analysis obtained a value of 0.781 means that 78.1% variation in the parenchyma width (Y) can be explained by variations contained in the chronic renal failure (X1) and age ≥54 years old (X2), while 21.9% is explained by other variables not included in the model equations. Conclusion: This study reveals that there is significant correlation between chronic renal failure and renal parenchyma width (p < 0.05), where chronic renal failure patients have renal parenchyma width thinner than the non chronic renal failure patients. Keywords: Chronic Renal Failure, Renal Parenchyma Width, Age, abdomen USG 
Uji Sitotoksik Kuantitatif Ekstrak Biji Srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) pada Kultur Sel Limfosit T Pasien SLE In Vitro Pratama, Anindhito Kurnia; Balgis, .; Mujosemedi, .
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disease, mediated by lymphocytes. Methanol extract of Annona squamosa L. seed contains acetogenin, which can inhibit formation of ATP in the abnormal cell that acts as a source of energy that has selective properties of the abnormal cells only. The purpose of this study was to know the cytotoxic effects of Annona squamosa L. seed extract on T lymphocyte cell cultures of SLE patient in vitro. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory research with post-test control group design. The sample was T lymphocyte cultures of SLE patients in the active phase. Cytotoxic effects of Annona squamosa L. seed extract on T lymphocyte cell culture of SLE patient in vitro were measured with the MTT assay then analyzed with regression analysis to determine the inhibitory concentration of fifty (IC50). Results: The IC50 of methanol extract of Annona squamosa L. seed on lymphocyte cell cultures of SLE patients was 0.17 µg/mL, active criteria and normal sample was 0.06 µg/mL., active criteria. While IC50 of cyclophosphamide for treatment of SLE samples was 16.80 µg/mL and for normal sample was 39.24 µg/mL. Conclusions: Based on this research, methanol extract of Annona squamosa L. seed had cytotoxic effects on  lymphocyte cell cultures of SLE patient in vitro with active IC50 criteria Keywords: SLE, Annona squamosa L. seed, cytotoxic, T lymphocyte, IC50
Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Biji Pare (Momordica charantia L.) pada Kultur Sel Limfosit T Pasien LES In Vitro Permana, Galih Indra; Balgis, .; Mujosemedi, .
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, mediated by lymphocytes. Wrong regulation in immune system causes autoreactivity of T lymphocytes and hyperactivity of B lymphocytes then causes inflammation in site organ. Extract of bitter melon seeds contains ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs), momordin I, and momordin II which can induce apoptosis in the cells and have cytotoxic effects. This study is to examine the cytotoxic effects of bitter melon seeds extract on cultured T lymphocytes of SLE patient in vitro. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory research with posttest control group design. Sample was culture of T lymphocytes from SLE patient with the active phase. T lymphocytes culture was divided in four groups that were bitter melon seeds extract, cyclophosphamide, control media, and control cells. Cytotoxic effects were measured with MTT assay then the data were analyzed with statistical regression analysis to determine the IC50. Results: IC50 of bitter melon seeds extract on culture of T lymphocytes cell of SLE patient was 1704.07 µg/ml and normal sample was 19.20 µg/ml. While IC50 of cyclophosphamide for treatment of SLE sample was 16.80 µg/ml and for normal sample was 39.24 µg/ml. Extract of bitter melon seeds had weak cytotoxic effect on T lymphocyte cell culture of SLE patient and moderately active cytotoxic effect on T lymphocyte cell culture of normal sample. Conclusion: Extract of bitter melon seeds had weak cytotoxic effects on T lymphocyte cell culture of SLE patient with IC50 was 1704.07 µg/ml. Keywords: SLE, bitter melon seed extract, cytotoxic, lymphocytes T
Pengaruh Elektroakupunktur Titik Zusanli (ST 36) dan Zhongwan (CV 12) terhadap Perbaikan Gambaran Histologis Duodenum Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Terpapar Bising Intermitten Fajarini, Nur Dwi; Balgis, .; Handayani, Selfi
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Intermittent noise can induce stress that stimulates HPA axis to cause damage of duodenum. Acupuncture has already indicated to treat duodenal ulcer. This research studied the effect of electroacupuncture of Zusanli (ST 36) and Zhongwan (CV 12) acupoints to repair histological structure of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) duodenum exposed by intermittent noise. Methods: This was laboratory experimental research with the post test only controlled group design. Subjects were 28 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), wistar strain, divided into 4 groups randomly. They were control group (K) which was not treated, experimental group 1 (P1) exposed by noise, experimental group 2 (P2) exposed by noise and allowed to have physiologic recovery for 30 days, and experimental group 3 (P3) exposed by noise and treated with electroacupuncture for 30 days. Noise exposure was conducted for 2 weeks with intensity of 95 dB intermittently, 1 hour on, 1 hour off, for 12 hours daily. Electroacupuncture was done by pricking acupuncture needle perpendicularly at Zusanli (ST 36) and Zhongwan (CV 12) acupoints, then, connected to 2 mA electrostimulation at 10 Hz continuous wave for 15 minutes, 10 times for therapy. At the end of experiment their duodenums were taken and prepared for histological  study by paraffin block method and stained with Hematoxillin Eosin (HE). The histological structure of duodenal mucosa was observed and assessed for the damage with Barthel Manja mucosal integrity score. The data were analized by One-Way ANOVA test (α=0.05) and continued by Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons using Least Significant Differences (LSD) test (α=0.05). Results: One Way Anova test showed significant differences of duodenal mucosa damage among the four groups p=0.000. LSD test showed significant differences between K-P1 (p=0.000), K-P2 (p=0.000), K-P3 (p=0.000), P1-P2 (p=0.007), P2-P3 (p=0.000), but not between P1-P3 (p=0.235). Conclusions: Electroacupuncture of Zusanli (ST 36) and Zhongwan (CV 12) acupoints repaired histological structure of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) duodenum exposed by intermittent noise. Keywords: Intermittent noise, Electroacupuncture,  Zusanli and Zhongwan acupoints, Duodenum 
Pengaruh Elektroakupuntur Titik Weishu (BL 21) dan Zusanli (ST 36) terhadap Perbaikan Mukosa Pylorus Tikus yang Dipapar Bising Intermittent Bawono, Paksi Suryo; Balgis, .; Handayani, Selfi
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Noise is a stressor which can negatively effect to the body. Intermittent noise will give more influence to stomach, namely in the form of an increase in the production of stomach acid that interferes with the mechanism of gastric cytoprotection. Electro-acupuncture on Weishu (BL 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) acupoints has potential to repair damaged mucosal pylorus due to noisy stress. This research aimed to know the influence of electro-acupuncture on Weishu (BL 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) acupoints against pyloric mucosal repair of rats exposed to intermittent noise. Methods: This study was laboratory experimental group post-test only designs. Subjects were Rattus norvegicus with inclusion criteria male, Wistar strain, weight 250-300 g, and 2 months old. Subjects were randomly drawn 28 rats, divided into: Group K (control), P1(no time to recover and no electro-acupuncture stimulation), P2 (given time to recover naturally for 30 days) and P3 (stimulated with electro-acupuncture). After adapted for 7 days all subjects of the groups, except group K, were exposed to intermittent noise at 95 dB with one-hour exposure settings, one-hour break for 12 hours within 14 days. Stimulation on Weishu acupoint (BL 21) was conducted at 2-3mA, 1ms duration, 50Hz frequency for 15min, 3mm pierced into the skin. While Stimulation on Zusanli accupoint ( ST 36 ) was done at 2-3mA with 0.5ms duration at 4Hz frequencies  for 20min, plugging 3mm into the skin. Next day, all of the subjects were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Pylorus were taken and histological preparations were made by HE staining. The results were assessed with the Barthel index. Henceforth, the data obtained were tested by statistical tests One Way ANOVA ( α = 0.05 ) followed by LSD . Results: Based on statistics analysis, there was a significant difference between the groups K-P1, K- P2, K-P3, P1-P2 and P1-P3. In contrast, there was no significant difference between P2 and P3. Conclusion: There was not statistically proven effects of Weishu point electro-acupuncture (BL 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) against gastric mucosa repair rat intermittent noise, but when seen in the data were the result of a decrease in the degree of mucosal damage. Keywords: Electro-acupunctur Weishu (BL 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) acupoints , intermittent noise , pylorus 
Perbedaan VO2 Max antara Penarik Becak dengan Supir Taksi di Kota Surakarta Sambodo, Shelly Lavenia; ., Balgis; Setyawan, Novan Adi
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: VO2 Max (maximal oxygen uptake) is a capability of oxygen with maximal capacity that used to the body to perform maximal exercise. The factor that most influence of VO2 Max is a physical activity. Cardiorespiratory endurance can be enhanced objectively by doing exercises or sports regularly, structurally, and continuously performed. Pedicab driver does his job by pedaling a pedicab every day, whereas the taxi driver does his job by driving a taxi every day. The aims of this study are to determine the differences of VO2 Max scores between pedicab drivers and taxi drivers in Surakarta. Methods: This study was an observational analytic with cross-sectional approach. The selection of the samples from the population has been conducted with purposive sampling. This study was conducted in the base of Kosti Solo in Mojosongo and in Surakarta. Two groups of samples, 30 taxi drivers and 30 pedicab drivers with the inclusion criteria (man, age 40 - 50 years; BMI ranged from 18.5 kg/m2 – 25.0 kg/m2; diastolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg; willing to be responders and filling and approved informed-consent; pursue work at least 5 years) conducted a study using Multistage Fitness Test (MFT), which the test is to run back and forth 20 yards. This value can be converted into the equivalent VO2 Max score using prediction table of the VO2 Max. The data were analyzed using non paired t-test (α = 0.05). Results: The results showed the mean scores predicted of the VO2 Max in pedicab driver was 25.79, while the taxi driver was 20.87. The data were analyzed by using non paired t-test that showed significantly differences between the two study groups, p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There are significant differences of VO2 Max between the pedicab drivers and taxi drivers in Surakarta. Keywords: VO2 Max, pedicab drivers, taxi drivers, cardiorespiratory endurance, MFT 
Pengaruh Akupuktur Titik Baihui (GV20) dan Elektroakupunktur Titik Zusanli (ST36) terhadap Jumlah Leukosit Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Model Stres Akibat Bising Intermiten Kronik fauzi, ridwan; Balgis, .; Isdaryanto, .
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: This stydy is to know the effect of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) acupoint and electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) acupoint to WBC level in stress model white rats resulting from chronic intermittent noise. Methods: This study was an experimental with pre and post test group designs. Subjects were 32 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), wistar strain samples and grouped into 2 groups. KB (the noise group) were induced with chronic intermittent noise and KBA (acupuncture-noise group) were induced with chronic intermittent noise and treated with acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20) acupoint and electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) acupoint. Subjects was treated for 28 days. The collected data were analyzed using independent samples t-test, paired-samples t-test, alternative test with Wilcoxon test, and Mann-whitney test. Results: Mean KB (pre test), KB (post test), KBA (pre test), and KBA (post test) were 12,952.50±2,845.52/uL; 8,151.88±1,978.19/uL; 12,493.13±2,584.90/uL; and 8,942.50±2,591.93/uL, respectively. The statistic analysis showed that there was a significant difference of white blood cell count between KB (pre test) and KB (post test) as well as between KBA (pre test) and KBA (post test) but there was no significant difference between KB (pre test) and KBA (pre test) as well as beetween KB (post test) and KBA (post test). Conclusion: There is no effect of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) acupoint and electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) acupoint against WBC level of white rats model stress resulting from chronic intermittent  noise. Keyword: WBC, Acupuncture and electroacupuncture, chronic intermittent noise. 
Poor Sleep Quality Increases Prevalence of Primary Dysmenorrhea on Medical Students Yudhanti, Melinda Didi; Balgis, .; Widardo, .
Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Backgrounds: Most of Medical Students have a poor sleep quality due to their academic tasks during their study. This poor sleep quality has a role in the pathogenesis of pain, including primary dysmenorrhea. This study aims to know the relationship between sleep quality and the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea on Medical Students of Sebelas Maret University. Methods: This study was an analytical observational research with a cross sectional approach. Subjects were selected by purposive sampling and obtained 88 Medical Students of Sebelas Maret University as a sample. Each respondent filled in: (1) Informed consent and biodata form; (2) Questionnaire about dysmenorrhea and its degree; (3) Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ); and (4) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The collected data were analyzed using the Fisher’s Exact Test and then processed with prevalence ratio calculation to determine the relationship between sleep quality and prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea. To know the relationship between sleep quality and the degree of primary dysmenorrhea, the data were then analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results: Among the 88 students, 76% had poor sleep quality, 77 % had primary dysmenorrhea with 52.3 % mild, 23.9 % moderate, and 1.1 % severe degree. Using Fisher’s Exact Test, the study found a significant relationship between sleep quality and prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea with (p) = 0.001. Based on the calculation, the prevalence ratio was 2.35 with Confidence of Interval 1.35 – 4.08. Using Kolmogorov Smirnov Test, there was significant relationship between sleep quality and the degree of primary dysmenorrhea, with the value of (p) = 0.001. Conclusions: Statistically, there is a significant relationship between sleep quality and primary dysmenorrhea problem including its prevalence and degree in the medical Students of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. Students with poor sleep quality had a risk of 2.35 times more to had primary dysmenorrhea than the ones with good sleep quality. Keywords: primary dysmenorrhea, sleep quality, medical student 
Co-Authors . Isdaryanto . Mujosemedi . Suyono Adiparadana, Dien Anindhito Kurnia Pratama Aprilia, Frizka Azzumar, Farchan Christiawan Susanto, Andre Claudio, Marcell Damayanti, Elok Galih Indra Permana H, Panji Fortuna Hifli, Lukman Indarto, Dono Jayanti, Esty Kusuma Netra, Anjang Kusumawati, Ratna Novan Adi Setyawan Nur Alfiani Nur Dwi Fajarini Paksi Suryo Bawono Selfi Handayani Shelly Lavenia Sambodo Suci Megawati, Yuyun Suselo, Yuliana Heri Widardo, . Widiastuti . Wulandari, Sri Yeny Ristaning Belawati Yudhanti, Melinda Didi Yuliastuti, Afifah Novita