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SAHLAN, MUHAMAD
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty Of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
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Tooth spray with active ingredients casein phosphopeptide – amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP – ACP) and ethanolic extract propolis (EEP) to inhibit tooth demineralization Sahlan, Muhamad; Purwanti, Lucia
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 1 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.1.2.2016.24

Abstract

Dental caries is a disease caused by the microbial infection that produces localized damage to the tissue classification. The process begins by demineralization in hard tissue followed by damage to the organic material. Dental caries happens because of demineralization without balanced by remineralization. In this study, tooth powder spray and tooth liquid spray was made with active ingredients of 10% w/w CPP-ACP (Casein Phosphopeptide - Amorphous Calcium Phosphate) and EEP (Ethanolic Extract Propolis), with the variation of 0%, 2%, and 4% w/w EEP in each preparation to inhibit demineralization. Each preparation should pass organoleptic and viscosity study to maintain the quality. pH of each preparation was evaluated to ensure that each preparation has pH above the critical pH of the oral environment. The stability of polyphenol as the antibacterial agent was evaluated for a month to assure the bioavailability in the preparations. The result shows that each preparation has enough organoleptic aspect and proper viscosity. pH level in each preparation is stable above critical pH of mouth environment (5.5), it ranges between 6.5 – 7.12. Polyphenol content in each preparation is stable with highest polyphenol content in tooth powder spray of 4% EEP, i.e. 1.39 – 1.45% (w/w). Qualitative evaluation of tooth morphology by SEM shows that preparations can inhibit enamel demineralization relatively to negative control.
Antifungal activity of microcapsule propolis from Tetragonula spp. to Candida albicans Pratami, Diah Kartika; Indrawati, Teti; Istikomah, Iis; Farida, Siti; Pujianto, Paksi; Sahlan, Muhamad
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 5 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (591.231 KB) | DOI: 10.21924/cst.5.1.2020.178

Abstract

Propolis is a mixture of resin and saliva of Tetragonula spp. that have antifungal activity. The purpose of this study was to develop spray-dried microcapsule propolis (SDMP) and to analyze its antifungal activity to Candida albicans. The SDMP was obtained using a spray drying method by maltodextrin and gum arabic coating. The antifungal activity of SDMP of rough propolis (taken from the outside beehive) and smooth propolis (taken from the inside beehive) was analyzed. The macroscopic characterization showed that SDMP has a powder form with brownish-yellow color. The microscopic characterization showed SDMP has a spherical uniform particle shape with particle size 9.32 - 14.61 µm. The encapsulation efficiency of smooth and rough SDMP was 81.22% and 83.04%; moisture content 5.58% and 5.84%; water solubility 98.19% and 98.31%, respectively. The microbial inhibitory concentration to C. albicans was the diameter of 6.33±1.5 to 10±2.5 mm. SDMP displayed remarkable activity in the assays against C. albicans.
Evaluation of Honey Production for Industry Purposes, The Case of Beekeeping with Apis Mellifera in Indonesia After The Covid-19 Pandemic Purwanto, Didik B.; Kuntadi, Kuntadi; Adalina, Yelin; Meilin, Araz; Raffiudin, Rika; Sahlan, Muhamad
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 4 No. 03 (2024): International Journal of Social Service and Research (IJSSR)
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v4i03.719

Abstract

The Indonesian beekeeping industry, grappling with diverse bee species, focuses on the sustainability of operations, particularly with the introduction of Apis mellifera during the early stages of the pandemic. This study explores post-pandemic Apis mellifera honey production in Indonesia, analyzing its impact on prices and business sustainability. Surveys and interviews were conducted with beekeepers in Java and Sumatra, primary islands with significant A. mellifera activities, along with data collection from other regions from January 2022 to October/November 2023. Monthly observations centered on honey production and prices for industrial purposes. The study uncovered two beekeeping systems: migratory in Java and stationery in Sumatra. Carpa honey from Accacia crassicarpa plantation emerged as a suitable industrial honey, displaying sustainable production, seasonality, and a large carpa area as bee forages, contributing to colony growth. Conversely, four Java honey types showed lower productivity, indicating a potential absence of honey seasons. Carpa honey prices ranged from IDR 25,200 to IDR 31,000 per kg, influenced by market size, production, competition, productivity, costs, and producer-consumer interactions. Despite a pandemic-induced surge in the honey market, sustaining high productivity and increasing colony numbers are crucial for long-term honey production sustainability.
CURRENT STATUS OF APIS MELLIFERA BEEKEEPING IN SUMATRA: TOWARD THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIA'S HONEY INDUSTRY Purwanto, Didik B.; Purwantini, Tri Bastuti; Diana, Akso; Raffiudin, Rika; Sahlan, Muhamad
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v5i2.1196

Abstract

Apis mellifera beekeeping in Sumatra has seen significant growth over the past decade, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic began in early 2020, driven by high market demand for honey. Beekeeping activities are concentrated in Riau and Jambi provinces, where beekeepers primarily utilize extrafloral nectar from Acacia crassicarpa plantation forests. This study evaluates the current state of A. mellifera beekeeping in these regions, focusing on beekeeper proficiency and colony productivity. Data were collected through a survey of 42 beekeepers, addressing their characteristics, efforts to improve skills, perceptions of challenges, and colony productivity in 2024. The findings indicate that most beekeepers are young males aged 30–50 with secondary school education, managing between 100 and 500 hives despite limited knowledge. They primarily rely on self-directed learning and peer knowledge-sharing. Most beekeepers rated their apiaries as satisfactory but recognized their need for guidance to enhance productivity, ensure sustainability, and improve market access. In 2024, honey production averaged 25 kg per colony per year, or 2.1 kg per month, with Jambi slightly outperforming Riau (2.25 vs. 2.0 kg/colony/month). Honey prices averaged IDR 22,000/kg, with Riau prices higher (IDR 25,500-26,000/kg) than Jambi (IDR 19,800-20,300/kg). Sumatra is estimated to host around 250,000 A. mellifera colonies, contributing 92% to national honey output, compared to Java's 46,000 colonies and 8% of production.
Determination of the Kinetic Parameters of Cholesterol Oxidation using Cholesterol Oxidase from Streptomyces sp. Perdani, Meka Saima; Hermansyah, Heri; Sahlan, Muhamad; Putri, Dwini Normayulisa; Pambudi, Teguh; Hasibuan, Anggi Khairina Hanum
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 28, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Cholesterol oxidase (CO) was successfully produced from Streptomyces sp. via the submerged fermentation method, and 69 U/mL enzyme activity was obtained. This study aimed to determine cholesterol oxidation kinetics and the production of CO as a catalyst. The enzyme was diluted to 0.15, 0.075, and 0.00375 U/mL for the oxidation reaction. The substrate was also prepared in three concentrations: 3.23, 6.46, and 12.93 mM. The optimization of conditions for enzymatic cholesterol oxidation was investigated through measurement of the effect of initial cholesterol and enzyme concentrations. Cholesterol concentration was rapidly measured via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The kinetics of CO were modeled using the first-order irreversible reaction. An enzymatic kinetic model was derived, and it was verified using experimental data and sensitivity analysis. Based on the experiment, the highest enzyme concentrations of crude and commercial CO can oxidize the substrate up to 84% within 240 min. However, the oxidation reaction showed a slightly different behavior in the early 60 min, and crude CO exhibited a slower substrate oxidation. The kinetic rate constant obtained by Euler’s method reached 1.0 x 10−3/min and 1.41 x 10−3/min for 0.15 U/mL crude and commercial CO, respectively.
Honey sugars profile of stingless bee Tetragonula laeviceps (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae) Ali Agus; Agussalim Agussalim; Muhamad Sahlan; Ardo Sabir
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221159

Abstract

Abstract. Agus A, Agussalim, Sahlan M, Sabir A. 2021. Honey sugars profile of stingless bee Tetragonula laeviceps (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae). Biodiversitas 22: 5205-5210. Honey was a functional food to improve human health, but irresponsible people used this circumstance to make fake honey. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of the sugar of stingless bee honey [Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith, 1857)] from different geographical origins in Indonesia. Honey, three samples were directly collected from three other sources for meliponiculture of T. laeviceps in Indonesia: Sleman, Klaten, and Gunungkidul. The honey sugars profile was analyzed: glucose, fructose, sucrose, reducing sugar, the sum of fructose and glucose, glucose to moisture ratio, fructose to glucose ratio, and honey pH. Glucose and fructose were analyzed by HPLC, sucrose by Luff Schoorl, reducing the sugar by Layne-Enyon, and pH by a pH meter. The current findings revealed that the geographical origins had a highly significant effect on glucose, fructose, the sum of fructose and glucose, glucose to moisture ratio, fructose to glucose ratio, and honey pH (P<0.01) and significant effect on reducing sugar (P<0.05), but not on sucrose content. Thus, it can be concluded that the origins were affecting the honey sugars profile and honey from Sleman has the highest sugars content, followed by honey from Klaten and the lower was honey from Gunungkidul.
Evaluation of stingless bee honey quality (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins Agussalim Agussalim; Ardo Sabir; Muhamad Sahlan; Ali Agus
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240424

Abstract

Abstract. Agussalim, Sabir A, Sahlan M, Agus A. 2023. Evaluation of stingless bee honey quality (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins. Biodiversitas 24: 2134-2142. Honey is a natural food mainly composed of sugars and other components such as enzymes, amino acids, organic acids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, and aromatic substances. This study aimed to determine the quality of stingless bee honey (Tetragonula laeviceps) based on their physicochemical from different origins of Lombok, Magelang, and Purworejo (Indonesia). The honey was physicochemically analyzed on its moisture, fat, protein (by proximate analysis), energy (bomb calory meter), flavonoid, phenolic, and DPPH antioxidant (spectrophotometer Uv-Vis), organic and amino acids (high-performance liquid chromatography). Honey from Lombok was lower in moisture content (p<0.01) and higher in protein, energy, citric acid, propionic acid, phenolic, flavonoid, DPPH antioxidant, amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, asparagine, glycine, and threonine) than honey from Magelang and Purworejo (p<0.01). Also, the citric acid of honey from Lombok and Magelang was similar. It was higher than citric acid honey from Purworejo (p<0.01). The lactic acid of honey from Lombok and Purworejo was similar. Both were higher than the lactic acid of honey from Magelang (p<0.05), but not on fat, butyric acid, and other amino acids. Thus, T. laeviceps honey from Lombok has a better quality based on physicochemical than honey Magelang and Purworejo. Honey from T. laevicepsis rich in phenolic and flavonoids to support the higher antioxidant.
Sugar composition profiling of Indonesian stingless bee (Meliponini) honey from multiple geographical regions using HPLC-RID and multivariate analysis Muhamad Saeful Anwar; Ekrima Astari; Nurlela; Muhamad Sahlan
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.11.1.2026.2001

Abstract

Stingless bee honey (Meliponini) has attracted attention due to its unique sugar composition, particularly trehalulose, a low-glycemic disaccharide with potential health benefits. This study investigated the sugar profiles of 23 stingless bee honey samples collected from East Java, Central Java, Bali, Belitung, and Jambi using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Refractive Index Detection (HPLC-RID). Fructose and glucose were the dominant sugars, while trehalulose concentrations varied markedly among regions. The highest fructose content was observed in Bali honey (47.09 g/100 g), whereas Belitung honey exhibited the highest trehalulose concentration (43.22 g/100 g). Jambi samples contained relatively higher sucrose levels. Dehumidification treatment reduced trehalulose concentration while increasing fructose and glucose contents. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed clear regional clustering patterns, explaining 83.3% of the total variance. Belitung honey samples were distinguished by exceptionally high trehalulose concentrations compared with samples from other regions. These findings provide a comparative overview of regional variation in sugar composition and trehalulose distribution in Indonesian stingless bee honey. The results contribute to the scientific database of Indonesian stingless bee honey and may support future efforts in quality control, honey characterization, and the development of high-value honey products.
Plantation-Based Apiculture in the Tropics: Beekeeper Perceptions and Institutional Constraints in the Acacia Crassicarpa Honey Landscape of Sumatra, Indonesia Didik Budi Purwanto; Yelin Adalina; Araz Meilin; Rika Raffiudin; Muhamad Sahlan
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/ijoms.v5i6.1276

Abstract

Plantation landscapes offer ecological resources for commercial beekeeping, yet the sustainability of Acacia crassicarpa honey production in Sumatra faces institutional and market constraints. This study assesses the development potential of plantation-based beekeeping systems by examining productivity performance, honey quality characteristics, stakeholder perceptions, and institutional arrangements. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining surveys of 60 beekeepers, in-depth interviews with plantation managers and government stakeholders, and laboratory analysis of honey and pollen samples. Quantitative descriptive analysis and qualitative interpretation were used to evaluate production dynamics and value chain constraints. Results indicate an average productivity of approximately 2 kg colony?¹ month?¹, with farm-gate prices averaging around IDR 24,000 kg?¹ across the study areas. At this price level, acacia honey remains positioned primarily as a bulk commodity, which limits its competitiveness in export markets where quality differentiation and certification are increasingly required. The findings suggest that increasing colony numbers and improving productivity could enable economically viable participation in the global honey supply chain. Alternatively, scaling production may support the development of domestic industrial-based honey utilization. Strengthening technical capacity, certification systems, and institutional coordination is therefore essential to enhance competitiveness and support the sustainable development of Indonesia’s plantation-based beekeeping sector
Co-Authors Abdul Mun’im Adra Amalia Nur Ahlina Agussalim Agussalim Ali Agus Ali Agus Alya Fadhila Ismail AMARILA MALIK ANGGI KHAIRINA HANUM HASIBUAN Anondho Wijanarko Araz Meilin Araz Meilin Ardo Sabir Ardo Sabir Asep Bayu Budiman Bela Christina, Diana Chulasiri, Malyn Deti Purwanti Diah Kartika Pratami Diana, Akso Didik Budi Purwanto Dienayati, Dara Dwi Anggar Yusika Dwiranti, Astari Ekrima Astari Geraldine, Vanessa Hakamada, Kazuaki Hamdi, Darul Hanif Yuliani Hanifi, Muhammad Heri Hermansyah Hertanto, Robby Hiroshi Hashimoto Istikomah, Iis izzul islam Kamila, Etri Dian Kaysa Faradis Mahira Khayrani, Apriliana Cahya Kuntadi Kuntadi, Kuntadi Lischer, Kenny Muhamad Saeful Anwar MUHAMMAD IQBAL Nadhifa Tazkia Ramadhani Nidaan Khafian Noguchi, Keiichi NUNUK WIDHYASTUTI Nur Elistiani Eksadita Nurlela NURUL AZIZAH Perdani, Meka Saima Pujianto, Paksi Purwanti, Lucia Purwanto, Didik B. Putri, Dwini Normayulisa Putrika, Afiatry Ratna Yuniati Rika Raffiudin RIKA RAFFIUDIN Ryo Miyata Sari Honda Sari, Siska Yuliana Satyapertiwi, Dwiantari Shigenori Kumazawa SISWA SETYAHADI Siti Farida Sri Rahayu, Amy Yayuk Sugiarta, Gede Yuda Teguh Pambudi Teti Indrawati TRI BASTUTI PURWANTINI Wiseso, Anggoro Yelin Adalina Yelin Adalina Yohda, Masafumi Yoshinobu Ishikawa YUKI DESIANDINI Zahra, Soraya