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Journal : IIJSE

Determination of Toddler Stunting in Indonesia 2020–2023 from an Economic Perspective Rianita Maharani; Sitti Retno Faridatussalam
Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE) Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Sharia Economics
Publisher : Universitas KH. Abdul Chalim Mojokerto

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Abstract

Stunting is a condition characterized by stunted growth and development in children caused by nutritional problems, infectious diseases, and various other factors that can affect children's health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors influencing the prevalence of stunting in toddlers in 34 provinces in Indonesia during the period 2020-2023. The variables analyzed included Egg Protein Consumption (KPT), Access to Clean Water (AAB), Access to Health Services (ALK), Average Years of Schooling for Girls (RLSP), and Family Planning (KB). This study used panel data regression analysis with a cross-sectional sample of 34 provinces and a time series sample of 2020-2023. Data were obtained from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Health. After conducting the Chow and Hausman tests, the best estimation model for this study was the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results of this study indicate that access to clean water and average years of schooling for girls have a significant negative effect on stunting. Meanwhile, egg protein consumption, access to health services, and family planning did not show a significant effect on stunting in the 34 provinces in Indonesia.
Regional Macroeconomic Determinants of UMR Rozzenda Risqi Shafa Hana; Sitti Retno Faridatussalam
Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE) Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Sharia Economics
Publisher : Universitas KH. Abdul Chalim Mojokerto

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Abstract

This study examines the role of regional macroeconomic conditions in shaping the Regional Minimum Wage (UMR) across five districts/cities in Central Java Province during the 2018–2023 period. Unlike prior studies that primarily focus on national indicators or limited economic variables, this research integrates fiscal capacity, social conditions, and human capital indicators within a regional panel data framework. The independent variables include Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), poverty rate, number of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), Regional Budget (APBD), number of investment projects, and educational participation. Panel data regression with the Random Effect Model (REM), selected through Chow and Hausman tests, is employed for analysis. The results show that all variables simultaneously have a significant effect on UMR determination. However, partially, only the poverty rate, APBD, and educational participation significantly influence UMR. A higher poverty rate is associated with increased UMR, indicating that wage policy responds not only to economic capacity but also to social pressure and welfare considerations. The positive effect of APBD highlights the importance of regional fiscal strength in supporting higher wage standards, while educational participation reflects the contribution of human capital quality to wage-setting mechanisms. In contrast, GRDP, MSMEs, and investment projects do not exhibit significant effects, suggesting that economic growth and investment do not automatically translate into higher wages at the regional level. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating that UMR determination is more strongly driven by social and fiscal factors than by conventional growth indicators, emphasizing the need for region-specific, inclusive wage policies grounded in local macroeconomic realities.