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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research JURNAL PERTANIAN QARDHUL HASAN: MEDIA PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara Jurnal Ilmiah Pangan Halal

Elis Dihansih

Unknown Affiliation

Author-ID : 254024

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Cacao pod based ration supplemented with organic Zn: Growth responce on sheeps Puastuti, Wisri; Yulistiani, Dwi; Mathius, I Wayan; Giyai, Fransiscus; Dihansih, Elis
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 4 (2010)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Cacao pod can be used as feed to replace grass. The aims of study was to evaluate the growth response of sheep fed on cacao pod based rations to replace grass and supplemented with organic Zn. Fresh cacao pod was chopped to the size of 1-2 cm. In untreated cacao pod (without ammoniation), chopped cacao pod was dried then milled, while in ammoniated cacao pod, the chopped cacao pod was mixed with urea, 1.5% (w/w) and kept in anaerobic conditions for 7 days. After 7 days it was dried and milled. Both, without ammoniated and ammoniated cacao pod were used for ration formulation. The rations were formulated in iso protein and iso energy (16% CP and 70% TDN). The study used 25 male lambs Sumatera Composite breed at age 7-8 months old with average body weight 18.8 Â± 2.86 kg. Experiments were conducted using a randomized block design with number of animal in each group was 5. Five treatment rations evaluated were: R = grass + concentrate (positive control); K = cacao pod + concentrate; KZ = cacao pod + concentrate + organic Zn; KU = cacao pod ammoniated + concentrate; KUZ = cacao pod ammoniated + concentrate + organic Zn. The treatment rations were offered for 10 weeks. The results showed that the consumption of cacao pod based rations was higher (P < 0.05) than the grass-basal ration (75.19 g/kg BW0,75 vs 70.22 g/kg BW0,75). Suplementation of Zn organic to ammoniated or untreated cacao pod resulted in no significant difference in DM, and CP intake. DM, OM, CP digestibility and N retention were relatively similar among the fifth rations from 53.13 to 63.91%, from 54.69 to 66.49%, from 66.0 to 79.28% and from 9.5 to 13.4 g/h respectively. R ration had similar NH3 levels with KU ration (21.57 mM vs 22.94 mM) but higher than the K, KZ and KUZ ration (16.45 mM, 16.62 mM and 13.61 mM). VFA concentration showed no difference among treatments (from 140.32 to 179.76 mM). Sheep fed ration R had similar ADG with K and KZ (92.19 g/h vs 83.13 g/h; 93.44 g/h) but higher than the ration KU and KZ (73.44 g/h and 61.72 g/h). From this study can be concluded that grass-based rations can be replaced by the cacao pod based rations supplemented with organic Zn and resulted in relatively similar ADG of 92.19 g/h vs 93.44 g/h. Key Words: Cacao Pod, Ammoniation, Organic Zn, Sheep

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITIES OF FROZEN BEEF WITHIN DIFFERENT THAWING METHOD Diana, C; Dihansih, Elis; Kardaya, Dede
JURNAL PERTANIAN Vol 9, No 1 (2018): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Different thawing metods were applied to frozen beef in order for evaluating both the physical and chemical qualities. Â The study used a completely randomized design with six treatments as follow:1) fresh beef Â asÂ control, 2)Â frozenÂ beef allowed Â at Â room temperature (27-300C) Â until internaltemperature of beef reached 00C (became unfrozen), 3) Frozen beef thawed at refrigerator temperature, i.e. 8-100C, 4) Frozen beef thawed at running water which its temperature range within 25-280C, 5) Frozen beef thawed by boiling water (1000C), and 6) Frozen beef thawed by hot water (<1000C). Every treatment was made in three replicates. Results of the study repealed that frozen beef thawed by running water, hot water, or boiling water resulted in better physical qualities than the one thawed by refrigerator temperature (P<0.05). All thawing methods did not significantly affect on chemical qualities of the beef (P>0.05). Moreover, all frozen beef showed similar chemical qualities to the fresh beef.

PENGGUNAAN PREPARAT PROGESTERON DAN HORMON GnRH DALAM PENENTUAN ESTRUS PADA PROGRAM SUPEROVULASI SAPI LIMOSIN Setiawan, Angga; Dihansih, Elis; Zamanti, Desy
JURNAL PERTANIAN Vol 8, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Program superovulasi dapat dilakukan dengan Perlakuan hormonal, hormon yang sering digunakan antara lain: Preparat Progesteron dan hormon GnRH sebagai penentu estrus dalam program superovulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh implan preparat progesteron dan penggunaan hormon GnRH terhadap respon superovulasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor sapi Limosin yang memiliki umur 3 â 7 tahun, genetik unggul, siklus estrus normal, fertilitas tinggi, dan bebas dari penyakit reproduksi menular. Semua sapi telah dilakukan seleksi dengan cara palpasi rektal untuk menentukan status ovarium dan disinkronisasi dengan preparat progesteron dan hormon GnRH. Sapi donor dibagi dalam dua perlakuan, P1: menggunakan hormon GnRH dan P2: menggunakan preparat progesteron. Metode penyuntikan FSH secara IM, dosis menurun pagi 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml dan sore 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml. Semua perlakuan, pada penyuntikan FSH hari ke-3 pagi disertai dengan penyuntikan PGF2Î± 2 ml dan sore disertai cabut preparat progesteron (hanya P2), dua hari kemudian dilakukan IB dan tujuh hari setelah IB dilakukan koleksi dan evaluasi embrio. Data dianalisis dengan analisis statistik (Chi-Square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan preparat progesteron sebagai penentu estrus memberikan hasil yang lebih banyak pada perolehan embrio layak teransfer.KATA KUNCI:Â preparat progesteron, hormon gnrh, respon superovulasi, embrio layak transfer, sapi limosinUSING PREPARATE PROGESTERONE AND HORMONE PROGESTERONE GNRH IN THE DETERMINATION OF ESTRUS IN CATTLE LIMOUSINE SUPEROVULATION PROGRAMÂ ABSTRACTSuperovulation programs to do with hormonal treatment, a hormone that is often used between others: Mixture Progesterone and hormone GnRH as a determinant of estrus in superovulation program. This study aimed to test the influence of progesterone implant preparations and the use of GnRH hormone responses superovulation. This study uses 10 cows limousines that have a lifespan of 3-7 years, genetically superior, normal estrous cycle, high fertility, and free of infectious reproductive diseases. All the cows had done the selection by means of rectal palpation to determine ovarian status and synchronized with progesterone and GnRH hormone preparations. Donor cows were divided into two treatment, P1: using the hormone GnRH and P2: using progesterone preparations. FSH IM injection method, decreased morning dose 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml and afternoon 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml. All treatments, injections of FSH on day 3 in the morning accompanied by the injection of PGF2Î± 2 ml and afternoon accompanied unplug progesterone preparations (only P2), two days later conducted IB and IB performed seven days after embryo collection and evaluation. Data were analyzed by statistical analysis (Chi-Square). The results showed that the use of progesterone preparations as determining estrus provide more results in the achievement of decent transfer embryos.

RESPONS ESTRUS SAPI RESIPIEN FH YANG DISINKRONISASI DENGAN HORMONE GnRH, ESROGEN, PROGESTERON DAN PROSTAGLANDIN Handarini, Ristika; Kurniawan, Sukurna; Dihansih, Elis
JURNAL PERTANIAN Vol 8, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas penyuntikan kombinasi hormone GnRH, estrogen, progesteron dan prostaglandin terhadap respon estrus, onset estrus dan durasi estrus sapi FH resipien. Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 ekor sapi FH resipien tidak bunting, yang akan mendapat perlakuan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: P1 = Penyuntikan hormon prostaglandin (Capriglandin) 137,5 mg/ 5 ml Â pada hari ke-0 dan hari ke 11 dengan dosis yang sama, P2 = Penyuntikan hormon GnRH (Fertagyl) 100 Âµg/ 2 ml Â pada hari ke-4Â dan penyuntikan hormon protaglandin (Prostavet) 2 ml Â pada hari ke-11, dan P3 = Penyuntikan hormon progesterone (Potahormon) 250 g/ 40 ml dan estrogen (Ovalumon)Â 40,000 IU/ 2 ml Â pada hari ke-5 dan penyuntikan hormon prostaglandin (Capriglandin) 137,5 mg/ 5 ml pada hari ke-11. Data dianalisis menggunakan Chi-Square untuk semua paramers.Â Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respon estrus sapi yang diberi perlakuan menunjukkanÂ gejala estrus (100%), onset estrus pada hari ketiga (72 jam setelah disinkronisasi) dan lama estrus selama 3 hari (72 jam). Semua perlakuan merupakan cara yang efektifÂ untuk sinkronisasi estrus. Kesimpulan penelitian adalahÂ sinkronisasi estrus resipient sapi FH denganÂ menggunakan hormoneÂ GnRH, estrogen, progesteron danÂ prostaglandin memberikanÂ hasil sama baiknya pada semua parameter. Disarankan untuk aplikasi dilapangan menggunakan hormon progesteron (Potahormon) 250 g/ 40 ml pada hari ke-0, hormon estrogen (Ovalumon)Â 40,000 IU/ 2 ml Â hari ke-5Â dan injeksiÂ hormon prostaglandine (Capriglandin) 137,5 mg/ 5 ml pada kari ke-11.KATA KUNCI:Â respon estrus,Â sapi FH,Â GnRh, Estrogen dan rogesteron,Â ProstaglandinÂ Â ESTRUS RESPONSE OF FH COWS RECIPIENT AFTER SYNCHRONIZED WITH GNRH HORMONE, ESROGEN, PROGESTERON DAN PROSTAGLANDINABSTRACTThis study was aimed to test the effectiveness injection of several combination hormone of GnRh, estrogen, progesterone and prostaglandin e to the response of estrus, onset estrus and duration ofÂ estrus Friesian Holstein dairy cows recipient.Â This study was used fifteen dairy cows recipient not pregnant, which were divided into three treatment method of synchronization of estrus. The three treatments were P1: injection 137,5/5 ml prostaglandin hormone (Capriglandin) onÂ day-0 and repeat on day-11, P2: injection GnRh (Fertagyl) 100 Âµg/ 2 ml Â on day-4 and injection prostaglandin hormone (Prostavet) 2 mlÂ on day-11, and P3: injection progesterone hormone (Potahormon) 250 g/ 40 mlÂ andÂ estrogen hormone (Ovalumon)Â 40,000 IU/ 2 ml Â on day-5Â and injection prostaglandin hormone (Capriglandin) 137,5 mg/ 5 ml on day-11. Data was analyzed by Chi-Square Analysis for all of the parameters, IE: estrus response, onset estrus and duration of estrus, The results showed that presentageÂ of response estrus FH cowsÂ recipient after injection of a hormone estrus combination overall reaches 100%, onset estrus 72 hours (60%)Â and duration of estrus 72 hours.Â The treatments were effectiveÂ way for synchronization of estrus FH cows recipient. It was concluded that synchronization of estrus FH cows recipient using GnRH hormone, estrogen, progesterone and prostaglandin as good in all of the parameters. Recommendation for synchronization of estrus using injection progesterone hormone (Potahormon) 250 g/ 40 mlÂ andÂ estrogen hormone (Ovalumon)Â 40,000 IU/ 2 ml Â on day-5Â and injection prostaglandin hormone (Capriglandin) 137,5 mg/ 5 ml on day-11.Â

PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK WANITA TANI MELALUI PENINGKATAN KETRAMPILAN PETANI PETERNAK MELALUI PELATIHAN BUDIDAYA TERNAK KAMBING PERAH Sudrajat, Deden; Kardaya, Dede; Dihansih, Elis; Wahyuni, Dewi
QARDHUL HASAN: MEDIA PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Vol 4, No 1 (2018): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Rendahnya produktivitas kambing perah di peternakan rakyat disebabkan karena tata kelola peternakan yang masih minim,dan belum masuknya teknologi dalam manajemen seperti teknologi pakan, reproduksi, dan teknologi hasil ternak. Desa Sukamanah memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan kambing perah karena didukung oleh luas lahan dan cuaca yang cocok untuk budidaya ternak perah dan ketersediaan tenaga kerja. Namun peternak di desa ini masih belum memahami bagaimana manajemen yang baik. Pelatihan dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan praktik langsung mengenaiÂ manajemen budidaya kambing perah dan perbaikan kandang kambing perah telah dilakukan di desa Sukamanah.Â Petani peternak antusias mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan. Materi penyuluhan sebagian besar dapat dipahami karena mereka sudah terbiasa memelihara kambing perah dan memiliki keinginan untuk mengembangkan dan meningkatkan ketrampilan.Kata Kunci:Â kambing Peranakan Etawa, desa SukamanahEMPOWERMENT OF FARMER WOMEN GROUP THROUGH ENHANCEMENT OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF FARMERSÂ THROUGH TRAINING MANAGEMENT OF DAIRY GOATSLIVESTOCKThe low productivity of dairy goats in livestock farming is due to poor farming management and Â lack of technology in management such as feed technology, reproduction, and technology of livestock products. The Sukamanah village has potential for the development of dairy goats as it is supported by land and weather areas suitable for dairy cultivation and labor availability. But the breeder farmer Â in this village still do not understand how good Â management in farming . Training in the form of counseling and direct practice on dairy goat farming management and improvement of dairy cages has been done in Sukamanah village. Farmer farmers enthusiastically follow the extension activities. Extension materials are largely understandable because they are used to nurturing dairy goats and have a desire to develop and improve skills.Â

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN LARUTAN EKSTRAK KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica) DALAM AIR MINUM TERHADAP KUALITAS TELUR BURUNG PUYUH saeful amin, nandang; anggraeni, anggraeni; dihansih, elis
Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara Vol 1, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian larutan ekstrak kuniyit (Curcuma domestica) dalam air minum terhadap kualitas telur burung puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Rancangan yang digunakan berupa rancangan acak kelompok dengan 5 perlakuna dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan RO (kontrol) tanpa penambahan larutan ekstrak larutan kunyit, R1= 1 ml ekstrak larutan kunyit, R2= 2 ml ekstrak larutan kunyit, R3= 3 ml ekstrak larutan kunyit dan R4= 4 ml ekstrak larutan kunyit. Peubah yang diamati adalah Tebal Kerabang (mm), Indeks Telur (%), Warna Kuning Telur dan Nilai Haugh Unit. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) tebal kerabang, indeks telur, haugh unit kecuali pada warna kuning telur. Hasil statistik menunjukkan pemberian 4 ml (R4) ekstrak kunyit menghasilkan rataan paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan 1 ml (R1). Indeks telur berkisar antara 74,41-79,06 %. Sedangkan haugh unit pada penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai rataan berkisar antara 78,95-86,60 %.

THE PERFORMANCE OF QUAIL STARTER-GROWER WHO WERE RATIONS ADDITIONAL CONTAINING GARLIC (Allium sativum) AND CARAWAY (Cuminum cyminum) Florana, Bella; Dihansih, Elis; Handarini, Ristika
Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara Vol 3, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Plants herbs widely used as a supplement in fodder to improve endurance and its productivity, including garlic and caraway. This study attempts to test the influence of the combination level of flour garlic and caraway performance against quail period of a starter up to the period grower. Study was conducted onÂ 11 FebruaryÂ â 16 March 2017 in Assalam Slamet Quail Farm, Sukabumi.Â This research was used 180Â DOQâs layer. Feed used were:Â commercial feed BR-1 for stater and SP-2 for grower â layer, garlic flour and caraway flour. A complete randomizedÂ design with fourÂ treatments and threeÂ replicates was used. Treatments consisted ofÂ P0 = feed commercial (FC), P1 = PK + 2 % garlic flour (GF), P2 = PK + 2 % caraway flour (CF), P3 = PK + 1 % GF + 1 % CF. Research conducted in quail from 2 â 35 day. The variables were consumption, body weight gain, feed convertion ratio and mortality. Data were analyzed by a Duncan test. The results showed thatÂ non-significant differencesÂ on average body weight gain of staterÂ in the first week. The grower period showed that that non-significant differences on consumption and significant differences increased on average body weight gain in P2 treatment and decreased on feed convertion ratio in P1, P2 and P3. The conclusion showed the best research on supplement 2 % caraway flour toÂ grower quails. This conclusion was recommended to add 2 % caraway flour in quails feed.Keywords: performance of quails, feed additive, garlic, cumin.

THE SENSORIC QUALITY OF MEAT OF MALE LOCAL DUCKS (Anas plathyrhinchos) GIVEN BETEL (Piper betle linn) LEAVE EXTRACT SOLUTION INCLUDED IN COMMERCIAL RATION Dihansih, Elis; Handarini, Ristika; Haerina, Nina
Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara Vol 3, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

The meat of local ducks generally has lower quality than chicken meat. Typical aroma, dark red color, and hard texture of duck meat affect consumersâ preference for it. This study was aimed at assessing the sensoric quality of meat of male local ducks(Anas plathyrhinchos) given betle (Piper betle Linn) leaf extract solution included in commercial ration. The study was conducted at the Poultry Farm of Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Djuanda University, Bogor from June to August 2016. Twenty-four male local ducks aged 2 weeks with average body weight of 449.16Â±75.27 g were used. BR-21E commercial feed of PT Sinta Feedmill and betel leaf extract solution were used. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates was used. Treatments consisted of 100% commercial feed (R0), commercial feed + 2.5% piper betel solution (R1), commercial feed + 5.0% piper betel solution (R2), and commercial feed + 7.5% piper betel solution (R3). Data were subjected to a Kruskal Wallis test. Measurements were taken on aroma, tenderness, color, taste, and juiceness. Results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in color and taste. The inclusion of 2.5% piper betle extract solution in commercial rations improved the preference of panelists for the color and taste of meat of local ducks. However, treatments did not affect panelists judgement on the hedonic quality (aroma, tenderness, color, taste, and juiceness) of meat of local ducks. Key words:meat sensoric quality, male local duck, betel leaf extract solution

THE PERCENTAGE OF CARCASS PARTS OF MEAL LOCAL DUCKS GIVEN BETEL LEAF SOLUTION INCLUDED IN RATIO Sale, Maria; Handarini, Ristika; Dihansih, Elis
Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara Vol 3, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

This study was aimed at assessing the effects of inclusion of betel leaf extract solution in ration on the percentage of carcass parts of male local ducks. The study was conducted at the Poulty Farm of department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Djuanda University, Bogor from June to August 2016. Twenty-four male local ducks aged 2 weeks with average body weight of 450 g were used. The ducks were alocated into battery pens (150 cm x 40 cm) and fed BR-21E ration and betel leaf extract solution. Drinking water was given ad libitum. A completly randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates was used. Treatments consisted of 100% comercial feed (R1) , comercial feed +2.5% piper betel solution (R2), commercial feed+5.0% piper betel solution (R3), and commercial feed + 7,5% piper betel solution (R4). Treatments were given at the second week following the adaption period. Data were subjected to an analysis of variance and a Duncan test. Result showed that the inclusion of betel leaf extract of 2.5, 5, 7.5% in the ration gave significant effects (P<0.05) on the percentage of carcass, wing, and tigh meat but not (P>0,05) on the percentage of back, breast and its parts, thigh, skin and femur. It was recommended that the inclusion of betel leaf extract in the ration be done by 5% in order to obtain high percentage of and more economical carcass, wing and thigh.Keywords : percentage of carcass part, male local duck, piper betle linn leaf solution

PERFORMA AYAM PEDAGING YANG DIBERI RANSUM KOMERSIAL MENGANDUNG TEPUNG AMPAS KURMA SEBAGAI PENGGANTI JAGUNG Fitro, Reky; sudrajat, Deden; Dihansih, Elis
Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara Vol 1, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian tepung ampas kurma sebagai subtitusi jagung pada pakan komersial dan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tepung ampas kurma bisa menggantikan jagung. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu P0 100 % pakan komersial (kontrol), P1 97,5 % pakan komersial + 2,5% jagung, P2 97,5 % pakan komersial + 2,5% tepung ampas kurma, P3 95 % pakan komersial + 5% jagung, P4 95 % pakan komersial + 5% tepung ampas kurma, P5 92,5 % pakan komersial + 7,5% jagung, P6 92,5 % pakan komersial + 7,5 % tepung ampas kurma. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan. Pemberian pakan komersial mengandung tepung ampas kurma sampai dengan level 7,5 % tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan dan konversi pakan. Indeks performa ayam pedaging yang diberi 95 % pakan komersial + 5 % tepung jagung mendapatkan prestasi yang paling baik (istimewa) dari perlakuan lainya. Nilai IOFC ayam pedaging pada penelitian ini, perlakuan yang diberi 95 % pakan komersial + 5 % tepung jagung mendapatkan nilai IOFC yang paling tinggi dari perlakuan lainya. Tepung ampas kurma dapat menggantikan pakan komersial dan jagung sampai level 7,5 %.

Co-Authors Aji Jumiono Angga Setiawan Anggraeni Anggraeni Anggraeni Aulia, Eneng Aulia, Eneng Bambang Suparmono Dede Kardaya Deden Sudrajat Destia, Miya Destia, Miya Diana, C Diana, C Dwi Yulistiani Dwi Yulistiani Fadila, Ulfa Fauzan, Ikhwan fitrah, halim Fitro, Reky Fitro, Reky Florana, Bella Florana, Bella Fransiscus Giyai Haerina, Nina Haerina, Nina Harun, Asep I Wayan Mathius Imam Firmansyah kelanasari, etik Kurniawan, Sukurna Kurniawan, Sukurna maryani, Ade maryani, Ade Merliana, merliana Mohamad Ali Fulazzaky Nurindah, Nita Nurindah, Nita Pangestika, Sandra Dwi Purwana, I Putu Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Renaldi, Aldi Ristika Handarini Rochmana, Iwan Rohimah, Irma Rohimah, Irma saeful amin, nandang saeful amin, nandang Sale, Maria Sale, Maria Solihin Solihin Supriatman, Pepi Supriatman, Pepi Tanjung, Aryo Saputra Tarigan, Novitri Wisri Puastuti Wisri Puastuti Zamanti, Desy Zamanti, Desy

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