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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia MEDIA KONSERVASI Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan Journal of Tropical Soils Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit CELEBES Agricultural Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Heru Bagus Pulunggono
Department Of Soil Science, Faculty Of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science

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Factors regulating lignocellulolytic microbes, their degrading enzymes, and heterotrophic respiration in oil palm cultivated peatlands Hadi, Muhammad Nurul; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Indriyati, Lilik Tri; Widiastuti, Happy; Zulfajrin, Moh
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.112.5195

Abstract

Even though their role in mediating tropical peat decomposition and GHG emissions had been widely recognized, information concerning lignocellulolytic microbes, their degrading enzyme ability, and interconnection with soil physicochemical properties and peat heterotrophic respiration on mature oil palm plantation/OPP block level were rudimentary. This study evaluated the effect of sampling depth (0-30, 30-60, and 60-90 cm), OPP management zone (fertilization circle/FTC, frond stack/FRS, and harvesting path/HVP), and peat physicochemical properties on the lignocellulolytic bacteria and fungi, their degrading enzymes activities and peat heterotrophic respiration/Rh using principal component analysis/PCA, multiple linear regression/MLR, and generalized linear mixed effect models/GLMM. This study found that the soil microbiological and physicochemical properties varied widely. Dominant lignocellulolytic bacterial population and their cellulase enzyme activity were higher than fungi, regardless of sampling depth and management zone. PCA and GLMM analyses showed the significant importance of sampling depth and management zone in governing lignocellulolytic microbial population, their enzyme activities, and Rh. Microbial population and cellulase activity were also remarkably affected by the interaction of all studied factors. Peat chemical properties (pH and total Mn) controlled the natural variance of lignocellulolytic microbes and their enzymes, whereas total K regulate Rh. This study suggested that the research on microbiological-related GHG mitigation in OPP should be focused on managing the fungal population and cellulase enzyme activity at the peat surface (0-30 cm) and fertilization circle.
Diagnosis Hara Makro pada Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Menggunakan Metode DOP dan DRIS Fernando Sitorus, Alberth; Bagus Pulunggono, Heru; Anwar, Syaiful; Nugroho, Budi
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 32 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v32i2.245

Abstract

Kelapa sawit adalah tanaman penting dan berharga di Indonesia. Manajemen yang baik harus dilakukan untuk untuk mendapatkan produksi kelapa sawit yang tinggi. Manajemen pemupukan yang dilaksanakan saat ini ditantang untuk meningkatkan keefektifan dan keefisienannya. Pengelolaan pupuk yang efisien dimulai dengan diagnosis unsur hara yang benar. Dua dari sekian banyak metode diagnosis hara adalah metode Deviation from optimum percentage (DOP) dan Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder, hasil analisis kadar hara, dan produksi dari beberapa kebun di Kalimantan. Penelitian terdiri dari berbagai tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, peneraan produktivitas, penentuan norm, diagnosis hara, dan pengolahan data. Metode DOP dan DRIS menghasilkan nilai norm nitrogen, fosfor, kalium, kalsium, dan magnesium masing-masing sebesar 2,63, 0,16, 1,01, 0,79, dan 0,29. Ca memiliki indeks hara paling negatif 61% dengan DOP dan 58% dengan DRIS. Sedangkan Mg memiliki indeks hara positif tertinggi, yaitu 55% dengan DOP dan 61% dengan DRIS, yang menunjukkan hal tersebut dari seluruh data. Ca merupakan unsur hara yang paling banyak pada kondisi kekurangan, sedangkan Mg paling banyak pada kondisi berlebih. DOP dan DRIS menunjukkan hasil diagnosis yang rata-rata urutan kebutuhan hara dan tanda sama.
Comparative Analysis of Soil Fertility in Sandy Soils along a Toposequence Transect in Sandai, West Kalimantan Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Pratiwi, Dea; Zulfajrin, Moh; Nurazizah, Lina Latifah; Chahyahusna, Affan; Iskandar
CELEBES Agricultural Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): CELEBES Agricultural
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Tompotika Luwuk University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52045/jca.v5i1.779

Abstract

Addressing food crises and land degradation potential requires multisteps agricultural development, including soil fertility assessment. This study evaluates sandy soil fertility status along a toposequence transect in Sandai District, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. Seven observation points (TP1, TP2, TP3, TK1, TK2, TK3, and TK4) were established, with soil samples collected from depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm. Soil fertility assessment was conducted using three criteria: Five Major Soil Chemical Properties (FMSCP), Basic Cation Saturation Ratio (BCSR), and Sufficiency Level of Available Nutrients (SLAN). The FMSCP method exhibited low to very low fertility statuses, while the BCSR and SLAN methods revealed significant variations in soil fertility, ranging from deficient to excessive. Both the BCSR and SLAN methods demonstrated strong relationships with soil parent material and slope gradient, as evaluated through a multivariate approach. The BCSR method indicated deficient to balanced status at all profile points, whereas dominant balanced to excessive statuses were observed at all fertility points. The SLAN national criteria predominantly indicated deficient status for calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K), while the international criteria identified K deficiency only. This study served as forums to discuss fertility assessment in tropical soils. Also, recommends the potential for implementing the FMSCP criteria-based soil fertility assessment method for tropical Indonesian sandy soils and consider the involvement of balancing ratios in a more comprehensive soil fertility evaluation approach.
Quantifying Nutrient Ratios as Soil Fertility and Health Indicators across a Hydrosequence Transect in North Musi Rawas, South Sumatra Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Adiani, Ditta Rahma; Nurazizah, Lina Latifah; Chahyahusna, Affan; Iskandar
CELEBES Agricultural Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): CELEBES Agricultural
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Tompotika Luwuk University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52045/jca.v5i1.795

Abstract

Since the modern soil assessment focus is currently moving towards “soil health”, it is important to align the Basic Cation Saturation Ratio/BCSR of soil fertility evaluation with this term, yet no research conducted its application in tandem with CNP stoichiometries, nor vice versa. This study evaluated soil nutrient ratios across a hydrosequence transect in North Musi Rawas Regency, the lowland area of eastern Sumatra using Basic Cation Saturation Ratio/BCSR and CNP stoichiometries as potential soil health indicators. By integrating international and national/Indonesian BCSR framework and globally recognized CNP stoichiometry criteria, this study found that all soils experienced cation deficiencies, particularly in the upper soil depth (0–30 cm), alongside low phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) availabilities and their imbalances with C and N in deeper layers (30–60 cm). Cation ratios were observed to decline closer to the Merang River but increased with sampling depth. Additionally, wetter, gleyed soils exhibited greater cation imbalances while maintaining relatively balanced CNP stoichiometries. This study proposes an integrated multi-proxy approach combining BCSR and CNP stoichiometries as a cost-effective method for assessing soil fertility and health by addressing nutrient imbalances.
The Changes of P-fractions and Solubility of Phosphate Rock in Ultisol Treated by Organic Matter and Phosphate Rock Djuniwati, Sri; Nugroho, Budi; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 17 No. 3: September 2012
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2012.v17i3.203-210

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements for plant, however, its availability is mostly very low in acid soils. It is well documented that application of phosphate rock and organic matter are able to change the level of availability of P-form in acid soils.  The objective of the research were to evaluate the changes of P-fractions ( resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, and NaHCO3-Po) and phosphate rock dissolution which were induced by application of organic matter (Imperata cylindrica, Pueraria javanica, dan Colopogonium mucunoides) and phosphate rock in Utisol Lampung.  The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with three factors and three replications.  The first factor was the types of organic matter (I. cylindrica, P. javanica, and C. mucunoides), the second factor was the rate of organic matter (0, 2.5, and 5%), and the third factor was the rate of phosphate rock (0, 40, and 80 mg P kg-1).  The results showed that in the  rate of 0 and 1% organic matter, the type of organic matter did not affect P-fraction of NaHCO3-Pi, but in the rate of 2.5 and 5%,  NaHCO3-Pi due to application of  P. javanica, and C. mucunoides higher than due to application of  I. cylindrica.  However, the increasing rate of organic matter increased NaHCO3-Pi. Then, P-fraction of Resin-Pi was affected by the type of organic matter, the rate of  organic matter, and the rate of phosphate rock, respectively. P-fraction of resin-Pi due to application of P.  javanica, and C. mucunoides was higher than due to application of  I. cylindrica, but the effect of  P. javanica, and C. mucunoides was not different.  Increasing the rate of organic matter and phosphate rock increased P-fraction of resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi, but P-fraction of NaHCO3-Po was not affected by all treatments.  Meanwhile, dissolution of phosphate rock was affected by the kind of organic matter and soil reaction.  In the rate of 5% organic matter, dissolution of  phosphate rock by application of                                     I. cylindrica (70%) was higher than P. javanica (26.6%), and C.  mucunoides (33.5%), but in the rate of 1%, the effect of I. cylindrica , P. javanica, and C. mucunoides were not different.Keywords: C. mucunoides; I. cylindrica; P. javanica; phosphate rock; P-fractions[How to Cite: Djuniwati S, B Nugroho, and HB Pulunggono. 2012. The Changes of P-fractions and Solubility of Phosphate Rock in Ultisol Treated by Organic Matter and Phosphate Rock. J Trop Soils, 17: 203-210. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.203][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.203]
The contribution of vegetation stratification and soil quality index in post-coal mining lands Herman, Welly; Iskandar, Iskandar; Budi, Sri Wilarso; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Kurniati, Kurniati; Rahmayuni, Erlina
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8647

Abstract

Open-pit coal mining causes environmental degradation, disrupting ecosystem functions and reducing soil quality. This study evaluated the contribution of vegetation stratification and the Soil Quality Index (SQI) in supporting the recovery of post-coal mining land. The research was conducted on revegetated sites of varying ages (2006-2022) within the PT Allied Indo Coal Jaya mining area in Sawahlunto, West Sumatra. Vegetation structure was analyzed based on five vertical strata: trees, poles, saplings, seedlings, and understory. Concurrently, soil quality was assessed using the SQI, which incorporates physical, chemical, and biological soil parameters. They showed that revegetated sites older than 10 years exhibited more complex vegetation structures and significantly higher SQI values. Among the strata, understory frequency showed the strongest correlation with SQI (r = 0.907), followed by tree density (r = 0.530), reflecting the crucial role of these two layers in enhancing organic matter, microbial activity, and soil stability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified soil pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, microbial biomass, and soil permeability as the key indicators contributing to SQI formation. These findings confirm that the interaction between vegetation stratification and soil quality plays a central role in accelerating ecosystem recovery and supporting the long-term sustainability of post-mining land revegetation.
Monitoring of Post-fire Vegetation Succession on Peatland in Bengkalis Island, Riau Province Pudjawati, Nihawa Hajar; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Asy'Ari, Rahmat; Zulfajrin, Moh; Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah; Saputri, Hanum Resti; Rivai, Fathan Aldi; Setiawan, Yudi
Media Konservasi Vol. 30 No. 3 (2025): Media Konservasi Vol 30 No 3 September 2025
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/medkon.30.3.423

Abstract

Peatlands are characterized by the accumulation of decomposed plant remains, which result in an organic carbon content of approximately 16 percent and form a layer at least 40 cm thick. Peat ecosystems play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity conservation, maintaining water availability, and regulating the climate. However, human activities threaten these functions, especially during the dry season, which often leads to extensive fires. Post-fire succession is a natural process through which the land attempts to restore its original state. Monitoring succession after peatland fires can be conducted using satellite-based remote sensing technology, which provides spatiotemporal information. This study utilized a time series of three Landsat satellites, namely Landsat 5 (TM), Landsat 8 (OLI), and Landsat 9 (OLI2), to monitor succession in burnt peat areas on Bengkalis Island from 2000 onward. Additionally, hotspot data from FIRMS NASA  and MODIS were incorporated. The results showed a total of 3,689 hotspots recorded between 2005 and 2023. The confirmed land cover types in the succession area include swamps, water bodies, and oil palm plantations. The information from this research is expected to inform policymaking by the government or peatland area managers, and serve as a reference for further studies.
Corrigendum to: “Monitoring of Post-fire Vegetation Succession on Peat Ecosystem Area in Bengkalis Island, Riau Province” [Media Konservasi, Vol 30 Issue 3, 2025, DOI: 10.29244/medkon.30.3.423] Pudjawati, Nihawa Hajar; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Asy’Ari, Rahmat; Zulfajrin, Moh; Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah; Saputri, Hanum Resti; Rivai, Fathan Aldi; Setiawan, Yudi
Media Konservasi Vol. 30 No. 3 (2025): Media Konservasi Vol 30 No 3 September 2025
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/medkon.30.3.470

Abstract

This corrigendum corrects errors in the previously published article.
Biochar of coal reject waste from coal mines, and its combination with chicken manure as an ameliorant material to increase rice paddy productivity Sulistiono, Muhammad Ramadhan Fauzi; Hartono, Arief; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10429

Abstract

Increasing coal production each year has led to more coal rejects, which become mining waste and are generally unused, potentially causing long-term environmental problems. Research on its use as a soil conditioner is still limited, and no studies have specifically developed pyrolysis coal rejects into biochar combined with chicken manure to increase rice productivity. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of applying coal reject biochar and chicken manure on rice growth and production, as well as on soil chemical properties in Karawang Regency. This study compared coal reject and chicken manure (RCCM) with coal reject biochar and chicken manure (RCBCM) at doses of 0 (control), 5, 10, 20, and 40 t ha-1 using a split-plot design. The results showed an increase in pH and organic C with increasing dose. The RCBCM plot had a higher organic C value than the RCCM. In addition, RCBCM produced 3.97 kg of harvested dry paddy per plot, respectively, which was higher than RCCM 3.51 kg. On a hectare scale, RCBCM produced 6.35 t ha?¹ of harvested dry paddy, while RCCM produced 5.617 t ha?¹, respectively. The 20 t ha?¹ dose produced 3.78 kg of harvested dry paddy per plot or 6.06 t ha?¹. This was not significantly different from that of a 40 t ha?¹ dose, which produced 4.96 kg per plot or 7.93 t ha?¹. Therefore, the 20 t ha-1 dose was recommended as the optimal dose.
Modeling the activity ratio of soil potassium using machine learning approach Desi Nadalia; Arief Hartono; Heru Bagus Pulunggono; Bambang Hendro Trisasongko; Widiatmaka Widiatmaka; Muhammad Fuady Emzir
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v22i2.100102

Abstract

The potassium (K) Quantity-Intensity (Q-I) relationship results in important parameters, including the activity ratio of potassium at equilibrium (AReK), which indicates potassium availability in soil. Experiments to observe soil Q-I K relationship parameters are often complex, time-consuming, and do not include environmental variables. This research aims to model AReK using a machine learning (ML) approach. ML models applied are Random Forest (RF), Cubist, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as the primary approaches, with Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) serving as a baseline. The dataset was derived from sixty-one observation points in Brebes, Central Java. The predictors were pH, organic carbon, clay, cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable cations (Exc-Ca, Mg, K, Na), water soluble K, available K, K saturation, potential K, non-exchangeable K (NE-K), elevation, and slope. The response variable was the AReK. Variable selection was performed using Pearson correlation to eliminate highly correlated predictors and reduce multicollinearity. Exactly 75% of the data was utilized as the training set and 25% as the test set. Three metrics, i.e., MAE, RMSE, and R², were used in model evaluation. The results showed that the Cubist model could predict AReK with high accuracy (R2=0.9437) and low RMSE (0.5701) and MAE (0.3514). Based on the Cubist model, Exc-K, Exc-Mg, CEC, and Exc-Ca were the most important variables for predicting AReK. This model can be employed to support site-specific fertilizer recommendation strategies. To improve the performance of the model, it is necessary to add other predictor variables (e.g., soil physical properties, clay minerals, rainfall, temperature and soil moisture).
Co-Authors Adiani, Ditta Rahma Affan Chahyahusna Ajang Christrianto Al Viandari, Nourma Anicetus Wihardjaka Anicetus Wihardjaka Arief Hartono Asy'Ari, Rahmat Asy’Ari, Rahmat Atang Sutandi Bambang Hendro Trisasongko Basuki Sumawinata Budi Mulyanto Budi Nugroho Budi Nugroho Darmono Taniwiryono Darmono Taniwiryono Denis Muba Pandapotan Simanihuruk Desi Nadalia Eka Lupitasari Erlina Rahmayuni, Erlina Fernando Sitorus, Alberth Fitriana, Syva Fuadi Irsan Hadi, Muhammad Nurul Hanifah, Nabila HAPPY WIDIASTUTI Happy Widiastuti Herman, Welly Husni Mubarok Husni Mubarok Husni Mubarok Husni Mubarok Ilham Saputra Indriyati, Lilik Tri ISKANDAR Iskandar Iskandar Iskandar, Iskandar Kartika, Vira Widya Kurniati Kurniati Laksmita Prima Santi Laksono Trisnantoro Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lupitasari, Eka Mas Teddy Sutriadi Milantara, Noril Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh. Zulfajrin Muhammad Fuady Emzir Nabila Hanifah Nabila Hanifah Nizam Tambusai Nizam Tambusai Nourma Al Viandari Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah Nurazizah, Lina Latifah Omo Rusdiana Pratiwi, Dea Pudjawati, Nihawa Hajar RAHAYU WIDYASTUTI Rivai, Fathan Aldi S Siswanto Safira Eka Aprianti Saputri, Hanum Resti Siswanto Siswanto Sri Djuniwati Sri Djuniwati Sri Wilarso Budi Sulistiono, Muhammad Ramadhan Fauzi Supiandi Sabiham Sutriadi, Mas Teddy Suwardi Suwardi Syaiful Anwar Syamsul Arifin Syva Fitriana Tambusai, Nizam Vira Widya Kartika WELLY HERMAN Widiatmaka Widiatmaka Wihardjaka, Anicetus Yudi Setiawan Yusrizal Yusrizal Yusuf Azmi Madani Zulfajrin, Moh