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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia MEDIA KONSERVASI Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan Journal of Tropical Soils Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit CELEBES Agricultural Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Heru Bagus Pulunggono
Department Of Soil Science, Faculty Of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science

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Dynamics of vegetation diversity and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in post-coal mining revegetation land in Sawahlunto, West Sumatra, Indonesia WELLY HERMAN; ISKANDAR ISKANDAR; SRI WILARSO BUDI; HERU BAGUS PULUNGGONO; NORIL MILANTARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251201

Abstract

Abstract. Herman W, Iskandar, Budi SW, Pulunggono HB, Kurniati, Milantara N. 2024. Dynamics of vegetation diversity and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in post-coal mining revegetation land in Sawahlunto, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 4627-4641. Post-coal mining causes significant changes in vegetation, soil, and landscape, necessitating reclamation to increase land area through revegetation activities as per government policy. Revegetation is expected to accelerate the recovery of ecosystem functions and reduce the impact of coal mining activities. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the dynamics of vegetation diversity and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on post-coal mining revegetation land in Sawahlunto, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Vegetation samples were obtained using the purposive sampling method, and AMF analysis was carried out using the wet-sieving decanting method. The results showed an increase in vegetation diversity along with the increasing age of the revegetation plants. The highest control of plant species was Acacia mangium with INP values ??ranging from 100-300%. Vegetation diversity and vegetation dominance index were positively correlated with spore density with correlation coefficient values ??of 0.083 and 0.029. However, the relationship between diversity and vegetation dominance index in influencing spore density had a small effect; the highest spore density was found in revegetation in 2006, with a total of 555 spores per 25 g of soil-1. It can be concluded that natural succession land materials and revegetation in post-coal mining land up to 32 years of age can improve vegetation growth but still cannot match natural forests, both in terms of the number of species growing and the level of vegetation diversity achieved. However, it is important to note that this study has limitations, such as the focus on a specific region and the need for further research to understand the long-term effects of revegetation.
Soil characteristics of post-mining reclamation land and natural soil without top soil Nadalia, Desi; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2020.072.2011

Abstract

Generally, Nickel mining was conducted by the open-pit mining method which caused change of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Reclamation land often experienced various obstacles, including microclimate conditions that were not yet suitable, overburden chemical, physical and biological properties, difficulty in obtained ameliorant, and lack of topsoil. Topsoil that was used for post-mining reclamation land activities was obtained from the soil is not yet mined locations (natural soil). This study was aimed to determine differences in soil characteristics (soil physical, chemical and biological properties) on post-mining reclamation land with natural soil without topsoil. The research used survey methods conducted on post-mining land of PT. INCO. Soil samples were taken at 2 locations, namely, the location of post-mining reclamation (Harapan) and location that had not mined but the topsoil had peeled to a depth of ± 1 meter (Shelly). The results showed that the soil physical and biological properties at Shelly location were relatively better than those at Harapan location. The soil at Harapan and Shelly locations had available P content and exchangeable-Na was low and exchangeable-Ca was very low. Exchangeable-Mg was high at Harapan, while at Shelly was low-moderate. The exchangeable-K content of the soil in the Harapan location was moderate than Shelly location. The soil at Harapan location had a very high Base Saturation (BS) with a pH of 6.7 than Shelly location had high BS with a pH of 5.8. It is necessary to improve post-mining reclamation land management.
Microbial proportion and heterotroph CO2 flux from drainage peatland under oil palm plantation Lupitasari, Eka; Widyastuti, Rahayu; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2021.091.3055

Abstract

The difference in soil layer can affect heterotroph respiration that means CO2 fluxes from microbial decomposition in peatlands. Oil palm plants release root exudates transported to other places, i.e., shrub, by water movement, which can stimulate microbial activity. This study was conducted to learn the effects of differences of the soil layer and distance from the trunk in drainage peatland under oil palm plantation on total bacteria, fungi, cellulolytic bacteria, ligninolytic fungi, and heterotroph fluxes CO2, then compared to a shrub. Heterotroph respiration decreased with soil layer depth, where at the layer 0-20 cm released amount of CO2 as much 6.07 + 1.76, at 20-40 cm was 5.18 + 0.50, and at 40-60 cm 5.27 + 1.20 mg CO2 100 g-1 day-1, and tended higher than in shrub where a layer of 0-20 cm released 5.51 + 1.69, then decrease at 20-40 cm to 4.83 + 1.38, and at 40-60 cm 4.30 + 1.08 mg CO2 100 g-1 day-1. Total bacteria (107 CFU g-1) and fungi (105 CFU g-1) were higher than total cellulolytic bacteria (103 CFU g-1) and ligninolytic fungi (102 CFU g-1) in both under oil palm plantation and shrub. Organic acids affected the abundance of total bacteria and fungi but did not affect cellulolytic bacteria and ligninolytic fungi on both sites, as shown by a lower population and low cellulose and laccase enzymes. These findings showed that heterotroph CO2 flux tended higher in oil palm plantations and lignocellulolytic microbes are not the only source of heterotroph respiration.
Seasonal litter contribution to total peat respiration from drained tropical peat under mature oil palm plantation Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Siswanto, Siswanto; Mubarok, Husni; Widiastuti, Happy; Tambusai, Nizam; Zulfajrin, Moh; Anwar, Syaiful; Taniwiryono, Darmono; Sumawinata, Basuki; Sabiham, Supiandi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 9 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2022.092.3247

Abstract

The amount of CO2 gas emissions in drained peatland for oil palm cultivation has been widely reported. However, the research addressing the contribution of litter respiration to peat and total respiration and its relationship with several environmental factors is found rare. The aim of this study was to measure peat and heterogeneous litter respiration of drained tropical peat in one year at a distance of 2.25 m and 4.50 m from mature oil palm trees of 14 years using the chamber method (Licor Li-830). In addition to CO2 efflux, we measured other environmental parameters, including peat temperature (10 cm depth), air temperature, groundwater table (GWL), and rainfall. Results showed that the mean total peat respiration (Rt) was 12.06 g CO2 m-2day-1, which consisted of 68% (8.24 g CO2 m-2day-1) peat (Rp) and root (Rr) respiration and 32% (3.84 g CO2  m-2day-1) of litter respiration (Rl) at the distance of 2.25 m from the palm tree. Meanwhile, at a farther distance, the Rt was 12.49 g CO2m-2day-1, the contribution of Rp was 56% (6.78 g CO2 m-2day-1), and Rl was higher than the closest distance (46%; 5.71 g CO2 m-2day-1). Thus, one-year observation resulting the mean Rt and Rr was 0.07–0.08 Mg CO2 ha-1 day-1, while Rl was 0.04–0.06 Mg CO2 ha-1 day-1. The means of Rt, Rp, and Rl were significantly different in the dry season than those recorded in the rainy season. The climatic-related variable such as peat and air temperature were chiefly governing respiration in peat under mature oil palm plantation, whereas the importance of other variables present at particular conditions. This paper provides valuable information concerning respiration in peat, especially for litter contribution and its relationship with environmental factors in peatland, contributing to global CO2 emission. 
Assessing the distribution of total Fe, Cu, and Zn in tropical peat at an oil palm plantation and their relationship with several environmental factors Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah; Zulfajrin, Moh; Anwar, Syaiful; Sabiham, Supiandi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 9 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2022.092.3349

Abstract

Extensive utilization of fragile tropical peatlands ecosystem encourages a better understanding of spatiotemporal micronutrients distribution. The distribution of total Fe, Cu, and Zn in peat and their relationship with environmental factors were studied under oil palm plantation, Pangkalan Pisang, Koto Gasib, Riau, Indonesia. Peat samples were taken compositely inside the block using a combination of six factors, including a) the oil palm age (<6, 6-15, >15 years old), b) the peat thickness (< 3 and >3 m), c) season (rainy and dry), d) the distances from the secondary canal (10, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 m), e) the distances from an oil palm tree (1, 2, 3, and 4 m), and f) the depth of sample collection (0-20, 20-40, and 40-70 cm from the peat surface). Total Fe, Cu, and Zn were determined by the wet digestion method. These micronutrients observed in this study possessed high variability; however, they were within the expected range in tropical peatland. The entire micronutrients were statistically different by oil palm age, peat thickness, and distance from canal. Meanwhile, total Cu and Zn were also significantly different at each season. The oil palm age, peat thickness, and distance from the canal were the common factors controlling total Fe, Cu, and Zn in peat significantly. Moreover, total Cu and Zn were also dictated by season, distance from the oil palm tree, and depth of sample collection. Based on visual interpretation in PCA (principal component analysis), all micronutrients were categorized into two groups, separated by 2 m distance from the oil palm tree and 20 cm depth from the soil surface. Our study also highlights the dominance of the dilution over the enrichment process in peat, which requires further research to formulate micronutrients fertilization, especially for an extended cultivation time.
Evaluating the changes of Ultisol chemical properties and fertility characteristics due to animal manure amelioration Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Kartika, Vira Widya; Nadalia, Desi; Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah; Zulfajrin, Moh
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 9 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2022.093.3545

Abstract

Amending Ultisols using organic matter encourages a paramount improvement in its chemistry and fertility characteristics. This study was aimed to evaluate the changes in soil chemical properties due to the animal manure amelioration in Ultisol in the Jasinga, Bogor, West Java, using classical and advanced statistical methods. Composite soil samples were collected then incubated with three types of animal manure (cow, chicken, and goat) and four rate levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5% of dry weight). The dynamics of eleven soil variables (pH, organic C, total N, cation exchange complex/CEC, base saturation/BS, and exchangeable Al, H, Ca, Mg, K, and Na) were observed four times (0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks). Basic cation saturation ratio/BCSR and sufficiency level of available nutrients/SLAN soil fertility approaches were applied. Modeling comparison was done among multiple linear regression/MLR, machine learning/ML (tree regression/TR, random forest/RF, gradient boosting machine/GBM), and deep learning/DL (multilayer perceptron/MLP). Most of the soil chemical and fertility parameters exhibited strong relation among three applied factors. Generally, their values failed to reach the BCSR’s ideal soil and national SLAN’s sufficiency criteria; oppositely, they were categorized as sufficient based on the global SLAN approach. Multivariate analysis revealed the similarity among manure type and rate, whereas incubation time showed the opposite trend. MLR usage was convenient in modeling BS, pH H2O, and Al saturation. Meanwhile, CEC modeling requires more sophisticated methods. This study highlighted the possible improvement of Ultisol chemical properties and fertility characteristics by amending it with a higher rate and low C/N ratio of animal manure, and using ML to capture non-linear relationships in soil.
Simulating and modeling CO2 flux emitted from decomposed oil palm root cultivated at tropical peatland as affected by water content and residence time Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Fitriana, Syva; Nadalia, Desi; Zulfajrin, Moh; Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah; Mubarok, Husni; Tambusai, Nizam; Anwar, Syaiful; Sabiham, Supiandi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 9 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2022.094.3663

Abstract

Determining the oil palm dead roots contribution to total (Rt) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration as a source of greenhouse gas/GHG emission in tropical peatland is urgently required, as well as predicting their magnitude to cope with difficulties of direct in-situ measurement. This study is designed to simulate the CO2 flux emitted from oil palm dead roots/Rdr in tropical peatland as affected by water content/WC and residence time/RT. The dead oil palm roots were cleaned, treated with control/15, 100, 150, 300, and 450%WC, and then incubated for three months. CO2 flux measurement, C, N, and CN ratio determination were conducted every month. This study demonstrated the importance Rdr among other CO2 emission sources, ranging from 0.05-2.3 Mg CO2 ha-1 year-1 with an average of 0.7 Mg CO2 ha-1 year-1. Rdr contribution for literature Rt and Rh were around 0.3 to 1.3 and 0.9 to 3.5%, respectively. As a product of microbial respiration, Rdr was affected by WC and RT, supported by analysis of variance, linear mixed effect model/REML, and multivariate analysis. 100-150%WC resulting in significant and highest Rdr, whereas the increase (300-450%WC) or decrease (15%WC) would generate lower emission. Rdr culminated in the first month after incubation; meanwhile, it declined in the following months. This study also emphasized non-linear relationships between CO2 flux and other root properties, which can be modeled conveniently using non-linear approach, particularly using polynomial and artificial intelligence-based models. The simulation presented in this study served as an initial attempt to separate Rdr from Rh, as well as to predict CO2 flux with reasonable accuracy and interpretable methods.
Declined peat heterotrophic respiration as consequences from zeolite amendment simulation: coupling descriptive and predictive modelling approaches Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Hanifah, Nabila; Nadalia, Desi; Zulfajrin, Moh; Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah; Mubarok, Husni; Tambusai, Nizam; Anwar, Syaiful; Sabiham, Supiandi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2022.101.3889

Abstract

Nowadays, halting greenhouse gasses (GHG) emission is the world's major concern to mitigate global climate change. In oil palm cultivated tropical peatland, GHG emission is primarily constituted of CO2 flux emitted from aerobic heterotrophic respiration (Rh), the natural degradation process of organic material in an oxidative environment. By coupling descriptive and predictive statistical approaches, this study attempt to gain an in-depth understanding of the effects of zeolite rates and incubation time on CO2 emission that came from aerobic Rh in peat, as well as their decomposition process. This study found that zeolite amelioration up to 30% of the peat at field capacity and starting from the first month of observation (month-1) significantly restricted peat Rh, denoted by a reduced amount of observed CO2 flux (0.021 and 0.019-0.012 mg m-2 sec-1, respectively). Both factors and several soil variables exhibited some non-linear relationships with Rh at different magnitudes and importance, showing the limitation of the traditional linear-based approach to interpreting their complex interrelationships, as well as predicting CO2 flux. This study highlights the vital role of a polynomial (GAM) and artificial intelligence (Cubist and GBM) -based pedotransfer models in improving our understanding regarding the dynamic of the peat decomposition process as affected by zeolite amendment.
The dynamics of the nutrients in degraded Vertic Endoaquepts of rainfed rice fields with soil ameliorant and soil tillage management Al Viandari, Nourma; Wihardjaka, Anicetus; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Suwardi, Suwardi; Sutriadi, Mas Teddy
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 10 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2023.103.4357

Abstract

Intensive land use in the long term can cause land degradation, affecting soil fertility, especially on Vertic Endoaquepts in Pati that have been managed as rainfed rice fields. The characteristics of rainfed rice fields are low nutrient availability and rice yields. This study aimed to determine the effect of tillage depth management and soil ameliorants on nutrient availability, plant uptake, and rice yield in rainfed rice fields. The field experiment that was conducted at farmer’s field used a split-plot design. The main plot was the treatment of tillage depth treatments (OT), with depths of 10 cm (T1) and 20 cm (T2). The subplots were ameliorant treatments (A), consisting of A1 = sugarcane leaf compost, A2 = rice straw compost, A3 = chicken manure, and A4 = cow manure, with each dose of 5 t ha-1. The Inpari 32 rice variety was grown for 95 days. Available N, P and K of the soil were measured at 0, 62, and 94 days after transplanting (DAT). Plant N, P, and K contents, plant height, number of tillers, and rice yield were measured at 62 DAT. The results showed that the interaction of soil depth and ameliorant significantly affected soil available P and K but had no significant effect on soil available N. Ameliorant treatment of cow manure significantly increased rice yield.
Distribusi Sifat Kimia Gambut di Perkebunan Sawit dan Hubungannya dengan Kedalaman Lapisan Gambut dan Jarak dari Tanah Mineral Berbahan Induk Batuan Ultrabasa: Selected Chemical Peat Properties Distribution in Palm Oil Plantation and Its Relationship with Depth Layer and Distance from Mineral Soil Derived From Ultrabasic Rocks Heru Bagus Pulunggono; Moh. Zulfajrin; Arief Hartono
Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan Vol 22 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jitl.22.1.22-28

Abstract

Lahan gambut di lokasi penelitian yang digunakan untuk perkebunan sawit berdampingan dengan tanah mineral berbahan induk ultrabasa berkadar Mg tinggi. Tanah berkadar Mg tinggi dapat mengakibatkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan tanaman dan gangguan serapan hara. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari distribusi beberapa sifat kimia tanah seperti pH; kandungan unsur kalium (K), kalsium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), natrium (Na) dapat ditukar; besi (Fe), mangan (Mn), tembaga (Cu), seng (Zn) total dan terekstrak DTPA dalam gambut dan hubungannya dengan kedalaman lapisan gambut dan jarak terhadap tanah mineral berbahan induk batuan ultrabasa. Contoh gambut sekitar 1,0 kg diambil secara komposit dari setiap kedalaman gambut 0 – 30, 30 – 60 dan 60 – 90 cm pada transek toposekuen dari setiap jarak 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 dan 600 m dari perbatasan tanah mineral ultrabasa. Analisis contoh gambut dilakukan untuk menetapkan (i) kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) dan pH H2O 1:5; (ii) kandungan hara makro K, Ca, Mg dan benefisial Na menggunakan amonium asetat 1 N pH 7; dan (iii) kandungan total unsur mikro Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn serta kandungan unsur-unsur tersebut dengan pengekstrak DTPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai pH gambut menurun sangat nyata berdasarkan kedalaman lapisan gambut dan cenderung menurun dengan semakin jauh dari tanah mineral. Nilai KTK berfluktuasi dan cenderung meningkat sesuai peningkatan kedalaman lapisan gambut dan jarak dari tanah mineral. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran Mg dan Fe, hara yang berasal dari tanah mineral mempengaruhi gambut hingga jarak 600 m dari batas gambut. Tanah gambut mengandung Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, dan Zn tersedia dalam kadar tinggi dan K and Ca tersedia dalam kadar rendah. Hara Cu tersedia tergolong cukup pada semua kedalaman dan jarak kecuali kedalaman 60 – 90 cm dan jarak 600 meter. Kandungan hara benefisial Na menunjukkan korelasi positif dengan kedalaman lapisan gambut yang mengindikasikan pengaruh marin pada tanah mineral bawah gambut. Disparitas yang besar antara Mg dengan kation lain dapat mengganggu penyerapan hara oleh akar tanaman dan memungkinkan pencucian K dan Ca keluar dari solum.
Co-Authors Adiani, Ditta Rahma Affan Chahyahusna Ajang Christrianto Al Viandari, Nourma Anicetus Wihardjaka Anicetus Wihardjaka Arief Hartono Asy'Ari, Rahmat Asy’Ari, Rahmat Atang Sutandi Bambang Hendro Trisasongko Basuki Sumawinata Budi Mulyanto Budi Nugroho Budi Nugroho Darmono Taniwiryono Darmono Taniwiryono Denis Muba Pandapotan Simanihuruk Desi Nadalia Eka Lupitasari Erlina Rahmayuni, Erlina Fernando Sitorus, Alberth Fitriana, Syva Fuadi Irsan Hadi, Muhammad Nurul Hanifah, Nabila HAPPY WIDIASTUTI Happy Widiastuti Herman, Welly Husni Mubarok Husni Mubarok Husni Mubarok Husni Mubarok Ilham Saputra Indriyati, Lilik Tri ISKANDAR Iskandar Iskandar Iskandar, Iskandar Kartika, Vira Widya Kurniati Kurniati Laksmita Prima Santi Laksono Trisnantoro Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lina Lathifah Nurazizah Lupitasari, Eka Mas Teddy Sutriadi Milantara, Noril Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh Zulfajrin Moh. Zulfajrin Muhammad Fuady Emzir Nabila Hanifah Nabila Hanifah Nizam Tambusai Nizam Tambusai Nourma Al Viandari Nurazizah, Lina Lathifah Nurazizah, Lina Latifah Omo Rusdiana Pratiwi, Dea Pudjawati, Nihawa Hajar RAHAYU WIDYASTUTI Rivai, Fathan Aldi S Siswanto Safira Eka Aprianti Saputri, Hanum Resti Siswanto Siswanto Sri Djuniwati Sri Djuniwati Sri Wilarso Budi Sulistiono, Muhammad Ramadhan Fauzi Supiandi Sabiham Sutriadi, Mas Teddy Suwardi Suwardi Syaiful Anwar Syamsul Arifin Syva Fitriana Tambusai, Nizam Vira Widya Kartika WELLY HERMAN Widiatmaka Widiatmaka Wihardjaka, Anicetus Yudi Setiawan Yusrizal Yusrizal Yusuf Azmi Madani Zulfajrin, Moh