In the midst of a public health emergency, namely the Covid-19 Pandemic, it is not possible for the judiciary to conduct trials according to previously regulated standards. This is a big challenge for the Supreme Court to make all efforts to modernize the judiciary (judicial modernization) by deconstructing the judiciary and improving the quality of the judiciary for justice seekers. The formulation of the problem of this research, first, what is the ratio legis and the characteristics of electronic-based criminal trials (teleconference)? Second, the problem of implementing electronic criminal trials after the issuance of Perma Number 4 of 2020 concerning the Administration and Trial of Criminal Cases in Courts Electronically. The research method used is normative, using a statutory approach (Statute Approach) and a conceptual approach (Conceptual Approach). The results of the study conclude, first, philosophically, namely preventing the spread of Covid-19 in the judiciary, based on the principle of "Salus populi suprema lex esto". In addition, it is based on the principle stated in Article 2 paragraph (4) of Law Number 48 of 2009 that "trials are carried out simply, quickly, and at low cost". Second, there are many problems in its implementation, namely in terms of network connections which have an impact on trial delays, witness issues, and evidentiary problems, especially evidence that in fact cannot be accessed online Keywords: Deconstruction; electronic-based criminal court; teleconferenceAbstrakDi tengah kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat yaitu masa Pandemi Covid-19, tidak memungkinkan bagi lembaga peradilan untuk melakukan persidangan sesuai standart yang diatur sebelumnya. Hal ini, menjadi tantangan besar bagi Mahkamah Agung untuk melakukan segala upaya modernisasi peradilan (judicial modernization) dengan mendekonstruksi peradilan serta meningkatkan kualitas lembaga peradilan bagi para pencari keadilan. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini, pertama, apakah Ratio legis dan karakteristik persidangan pidana berbasis elektronik (teleconference)? Kedua, problem pemberlakuan persidangan pidana elektronik pasca diterbitkannya Perma Nomor 4 Tahun 2020 tentang Administrasi dan Persidangan Perkara Pidana di Pengadilan secara Elektronik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat normatif, menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (Conceptual Approach). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan, pertama, secara filosofis yaitu mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 di lingkungan peradilan, berdasarkan asas “Salus populi suprema lex esto”. Selain itu, didasarkan pada asas yang dinyatakan dalam Pasal 2 ayat (4) UU Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 bahwa “peradilan dilakukan dengan sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan”. Kedua, terdapat banyak problem dalam pelaksanaannya yaitu segi koneksi jaringan yang berdampak penundaan sidang, persoalan saksi, serta persoalan pembuktian khususnya barang bukti yang notabenenya tidak dapat diakses secara online.Kata Kunci: Dekonstruksi; peradilan pidana berbasis elektronik; teleconference