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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi Indonesia) PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia) Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Indonesian Journal of Cancer Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat RESLAJ: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal

Eka R Gunardi

Department Of Obstetrics And Gynecology, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

Author-ID : 270696

Religion Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Articles

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MonoplantÂ® the Indonesian Implant: The Overview of Implant and Its Development Eka R. Gunardi
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 1, January 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (69.55 KB)

NorplantÂ®, as a first-generation levonorgestrel implant and containing six capsules, has been shown to be effective as long-term contraception since more than 25 years ago. In the process, then the number of implants was reduced to two rods called Norplant-2Â®, which is then updated into JadenaÂ® (in Indonesia) or JadelleÂ® (in America). As a country with the largest implant acceptors in the world, Indonesia has developed its own implant method consisting of two rods called IndoplantÂ®. Currently being developed implant that consists of single rod called MonoplantÂ®. MonoplantÂ® is expected to be the best option because it only consists of a single rod implant that is easy to insertion and remove, effective and safe for at least three years. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-1: 40-6]

Levonorgestrel Concentration in a Single Rod Implant Users for Six Months Eka R. Gunardi
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 3, July 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (65.728 KB)

Objective: This research was conducted to measure levonorgestrel serum concentration MonoplantÂ® after six months of usage. Method: Thirty healthy women, 20 - 40 years old, and after been proven for fertility, had implants on their body. Levonorgestrel serum levels were measured monthly from the first month to the sixth month. Result: Levonorgestrel serum concentration was still above 200 pg/ml until the sixth month. First month and second month serum concentration was not recorded while data for the following months were 338.9 pg/ml, 424.8 pg/ml, 320.3 pg/ml, and 337.5 pg/ml. Conclusion: Levonorgestrel serum concentration in MonoplantÂ® users was still above contraceptive level until six months. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-3: 122-7] Keywords: single rod implant MonoplantÂ®, levonorgestrel serum concentration

Profile of Women with Late Menstrual Period Eka R. Gunardi
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 37, No. 1, January 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To know the profile of women with late menstrual period in Raden Saleh Clinic Jakarta in 2008 - 2011. Method: This was a descriptive study with 400 samples from medical records, choosen by random sampling. The data of age, education, occupation, marital status, residence, religion, parity, age of the youngest kid, cause of pregnancy, attempt to abort, referral, reason to end pregnancy, and contraceptive method post menstrual induction were collected. Result: The majority of women who underwent menstrual induction were 18 - 35 years old (57.25%), followed by women aged more than 35 years old (40.5%) and below 18 years old (2.25%). Most women were graduated from middle school (51.25%), unemployed (65.25%), and married (90.8%). They mostly came from Jakarta and satellite cities such as Depok, Bogor, Tangerang, and Bekasi, which accounted for 88% clients. Most of them have two children (32.3%) with the youngest kid aged more than 12 months old (60%). The causes of pregnancy were neglecting to use contraception (87.5%), failure of contraception (12%), and sexual assault (0.5%). As much as 44% of the clients had tried to end the pregnancy before they came to Raden Saleh Clinic and 87.5% of all 400 women came without referral. The most common reason was having had enough children in 74% of the women to end the pregnancy, followed by 12.25% of clients who wanted to pursue higher education. After treated by menstrual induction, 75.8% of them used IUD as contraception. Conclusion: Our data showed that mean age of women who were underwent menstrual induction is 32.94 Â± 0.35 years old and the main reason to do menstrual induction in this research is the consideration of having enough children. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 37-1: 41-5] Keywords: age, contraception, late menstrual period, menstrual induction

Contraceptive Userâ€™s Profile: Profil Akseptor Kontrasepsi Eka R Gunardi; Anita Tobing; Kartika Mayasari
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 1, No. 4, October 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To obtain informations regarding the profile of contraceptive users in Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2012, at Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta. The study population was the patient who came to Raden Saleh Clinic from 2008 until 2011. Results: The mean age of the contraception users was 34.06 and the mean of their husbandâ€™s age was 38.91 years old. Most of the patients were graduated from senior high school (43.2%) and university (37.9%). More than half of the patients (55.2%) were not working and more than a half of their husband (53.2%) were private employee. Almost all (92.6%) of the patient were married. Most of the patient (38.8%) came with no prior contraception. After consultation, all patients had chosen their preferred contraceptive methods, namely IUD (61.4%), injectable contraception (20.9%), pill (13.7%), sterilization (3.4%), and implant (0.6%). Conclusion: Family planning reduces maternal mortality and the best method is different for each patient because of the difference in their own condition and the consideration of the cost and benefit. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 1-4:179-82] Keywords: contraception, contraceptive users profile

A Randomized FiveYear Comparative Study of Two LevonorgestrelReleasing Implant Systems: NorplantÂ® Capsules and JadenaÂ® Rods Biran Affandi; Rusdi S Ridwan; R Hasan M Hoesni; Thamrin Tandjung; TM Ichsan; Rizani Amran; Heriyadi Manan; Eka R Gunardi; Noor Pramana; Suryo Hadiyono; Widohariadi Widohariadi; Retno B Farid; Mardiah Taher
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 4, No. 4, October 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To provide a randomized comparison between JadenaÂ® and NorplantÂ® in terms of efficacy and acceptability among Indonesian women. Method: This study was a phase IV, open label, randomized, multicenter study throughout Indonesia. Subjects were Indonesian adult women who were randomized to receive JadenaÂ® or NorplantÂ® as their contraceptive method. The subjects were recruited from 6 large cities in Indonesia, such as Medan, Palembang, Jakarta, Semarang, Surabaya, and Makassar. Result: Of 600 subjects, 301 women getting to JadenaÂ® and 299 women to NorplantÂ® were enrolled between August 1998 and February 1999. The mean age was 29.8 (SD 5.3) years old, ranging from 18 to 40 years old. We did not find the pregnancy during the study. Non-pregnancy probability at the end of one year was similar between JadenaÂ® (0.920 (SD 0.016)) and NorplantÂ® users (0.916 (SD 0.084)). The continuation rates of JadenaÂ® at one and three-year were 95.3% and 66.8%; whereas, the continuation rates of NorplantÂ® was 94.3% at year-1 and 70.2% at year-3. Conclusion: The new two rod levonorgestrel subdermal system (JadenaÂ®) showed similar efficacy with the old six capsule levonorgestrel subdermal system (NorplantÂ®) in term of birth control. Both implant systems also have similar tolerability profile. JadenaÂ® is easier to insert and remove than NorplantÂ®. Keywords: birth control, efficacy, implant

Acceptor Comment of PostPlacental Copper T380A Intrauterine Device Eka R Gunardi; Adila RA Malik; Febby Oktavianti; Riry Meria,; Fachreza Ardianto; Christina Marian
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 5, No. 1, January 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To describe the characteristics of subjective complaints reported by post-placental inserted intrauterine device (IUD) acceptor, especially those who used Copper T380A (CU T380A) type of IUD. Methods: Seventy-two-married women whose age ranged from 19 to 44 years old and received post-placental IUD in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, were included in this study. Subjective complaints regarding the use of CU T380A IUD were evaluated twice including during the puerperium and six months afterwards by a direct interview. Results: Most respondents were 20-35 years old, 50% of whom were primiparous (n=36). There were 42% respondents reporting pain during insertion, 32% respondents reporting abdominal pain during the use, 22% respondents reporting menstrual disorder, 18% respondents reporting vaginal discharge, and 3% respondents complaining of having IUD repulsion. Conclusion: There are variety of subjective complaints reported after post-placental IUD use. However, most of the respondents does not complain anything. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-1: 19-22] Keywords: complication, contraception, intrauterine device (IUD) post-placental, postpartum

The Efficacy of MonoplantÂ® and IndoplantÂ® as Contraceptive Methods: A Comparative Study Eka R Gunardi; Frista Ballo
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 5, No. 2, April 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To determine the effectiveness, safety, and time of insertion between MonoplantÂ® with IndoplantÂ® to prevent pregnancy. Methods: Data were collected from November 2015 until May 2016 in Raden Saleh Clinic. A total of 153 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study and were divided into 77 patients who received MonoplantÂ® and 76 patients received IndoplantÂ®. The study period was 6 months. Results: The data obtained showed no significant difference in the effectiveness of both contraceptive methods. In addition, side effects such as menstrual disorders and weight gain did not differ significantly in those study groups. However, the time of insertion between MonoplantÂ® and IndoplantÂ® was siginificantly different (162.91 + 197.04 + 49.81 seconds versus 44.96 seconds, p<0.001). For complications such as skin irritation, inflammation, there are no differences between MonoplantÂ® (0.0%) and IndoplantÂ® users (0.0%). Conclusion: There are no significant differences in efficacy and side effects using MonoplantÂ® and IndoplantÂ® during the 6-month follow-up. However, the insertion time of MonoplantÂ® is shorter compared to IndoplantÂ®â€™s. MonoplantÂ® can be considered for use as contraception with the effectiveness and side effects are almost the same, but with shorter time of insertion compared to Indoplant Â®. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-2: 94-98] Keywords: contraception, implant, indoplantÂ®, monoplantÂ®

Knowlegde, Atittude and Behaviour of Midwifes torwards Emergency Contraception: Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Bidan terhadap Kontrasepsi Darurat Eka R. Gunardi; Leonanta M. Ginting
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 7 No. 3 July 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Abstract Objective: To investigatethe level of knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of midwives to emergency contraception in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Subjects were midwives who worked in the District CipondohTangerang, Banten, Indonesia until the number of subjects is met at least 100 people. The data were collected by using written questionnaires made by researchers based on previous studies with similar themes. The data obtained will be reported descriptively for categorical variables. The analysis results are presented in the form of sum (n) and percentage (%) (proportion). Results: Of the 100 respondents who answered the questionnaire, 83% of the midwives had a good knowledge of the condition. Good midwife attitude toward EC in public health care and private practices were 84.62% and 85.06%, respectively. Accordingly, the good behaviour shown by midwives in public health care and private practice is 100% and 94.25%. However, from the question qualitatively the level of knowledge, attitude and behaviour of midwives is still classified as less. Conclusion: The level of knowledge, attitude and behaviour of midwives towards emergency contraception is said to be lacking. Training on EC on midwives is still needed for practical use in the community. Keywords: emergency contraception, midwife, unwanted pregnancy, uterine contraception Abstrak Tujuan:Mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku bidan terhadap kondar di Indonesia. Metode:Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan pengambilan sampel berturut-turut. Peneliti mengambil semua subjek yaitu bidan yang bekerja di wilayah Kecamatan Cipondoh Kabupaten Tangerang sampai jumlah subjek minimal terpenuhi sebanyak 100orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner tertulis yang dibuat oleh peneliti berdasarkan penelitian-penelitian terdahulu dengan tema serupa. Data yang diperoleh akan dilaporkan secara deskriptif untuk variable kategorik. Hasil analisis disajikan dalam bentuk jumlah (n) dan persentase (%) (proporsi). Hasil: Dari 100 responden, 83% bidan mempunyai pengetahuan yang baik terhadap kontraspsi darurat. Sikap bidan yang baik terhadap kondar di puskesmas dan di praktik swasta adalah 84,62% dan 85,06%, berturut-turut. Sejalan dengan itu, perilaku yang baik ditunjukkan oleh bidan di puskesmas dan di praktik swasta adalah sebesar 100% dan 94,25%. Namun dari pertanyaan secara kualitatif tingkat pengetahuan , sikap dan prilaku bidan masih tergolong kurang. Kesimpulan:Tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku bidan terhadap kontrasepsi darurat dikatakan masih kurang. Masih dibutuhkan pelatihan tentang kondar pada bidan agar penggunaannya efektif di masyarakat. Kata kunci: alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim, bidan, kehamilan tidak diinginkan, kontrasepsi darurat.

Pregnancy Outcome in Infertility Patient with Endometriosis Cyst after Laparoscopic Cystectomy Eka R Gunardi; Duta A Tritama; Luky Satria; Herbert Situmorang
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 6. No. 1. January 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To investigate about the rate of pregnancy in womenwho had undergone laparoscopic cystectomy.Methods: This was a retrospective study. Data were taken from themedical records of patients with infertility in Fatmawati Hospital,Jakarta, Indonesia. Data then analyze to know is there anyassociation between age, infertility duration, bilaterality of the cyst,tubal patensy, r-AFS stage with pregnancy rate.Results: A total of 64 subjects were recruited in this study. Therewere 23 subjects (35.9%) that got pregnant within one year afterundergoing laparoscopic procedure. Those who were 35 years oldor less had a greater chance to get pregnant (p = 0.01, OR = 6.75),duration of infertility ï‚£ 3 years had a greater chance to getpregnant with OR = 3.2 and p value = 0.032, r-AFS stage II and IIIhad a greater chance to get pregnant to with (p = 0.04, OR = 3.25and 4.25).Conclusion: The pregnancy rate after laparoscopic procedure is35.9% in this study. There are correlation between age, durationof infertility, and r-AFS staging with pregnancy rate.[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 6-1: 34-38]Keywords: endometriosis, infertility, laparoscopy, pregnancy

Basal Temperature, Cervical Mucous, and Both Combination as Diagnostic Tools to Detect Ovulation: Akurasi Suhu Basal Tubuh, Lendir Serviks, dan Kombinasi Keduanya sebagai Alat Pendeteksi Ovulasi Eka R Gunardi; Alexander Mukti; Â Herbert Situmorang
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 6 No. 3 July 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To make basal body temperature examination andcervical mucus as an alternative examination in detectingovulation, especially in health facilities that do not have ultrasound. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatientclinic of RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo in the year2016-2017. A total of 49 infertile female patients who had normalmenstrual cycles were asked to participate and performedbasal body temperature measurements, cervical mucussampling and transvaginal ultrasound examination, the dataare subsequently grouped into 3 Days Estimated Ovulation(DEO); DEO-2 days, DEO and DEO+ 2 days. Diagnostic testswere performed and accurate comparison between basal bodytemperature, cervical mucus and a combination of both werelater assessed. Results: The best accuracy was found on cervical mucus andcombination of both with 65% in detecting ovulation, whilstthe lowest was basal body temperature (59%) with sensitivity46.7%, and specificity 78.9%. Cervical mucus in diagnosingovulation has a sensitivity of 70% and specificity 57.8%. Thecombination of temperature-cervical mucus in diagnosing ovulationhas sensitivity of 46.67% and specificity of 94.73%. Conclusion: Cervical mucus examination has better accuracy comparedwith basal body temperature examination in detecting ovulation.Further research for validating these diagnostic tools to thewider community and not only in patients with infertility is needed. Keywords: basal body temperature, cervical mucus, infertility, ovulationdetection, ultrasound

Co-Authors Addina, Putri Adi Utarini Adila RA Malik Affan Solihin Agus Sujono Aldri Frinaldi Alexander Mukti Andon Hestiantoro Andrijono Anita Tobing Ardianto, Fachreza Arnold Soetarso Arresta Suastika Arresta Vitasatria Suastika Astri Noviani Ballo, Frista Betaria Putri Biran Affandi Biran Affandi Cepi T. Pramayadi Cepi Teguh Pramayadi Christina Marian Darrell Fernando Denny Khusen Denny Khusen Dhifa Dwi Putra Duta A Tritama Dwi Retna Lestari Fachreza Ardianto Fadli Fadli Fadli Fadli Farid, Retno B Febby Oktavianti Frista Ballo Gatot Purwoto Hadiyono, Suryo Hanevi Djasri Hariyono Winarto Herbert Situmorang Herbert Situmorang Heriyadi Manan Heru Prasetyo Hoesni, R Hasan M Ichsan, TM Ilham Utama Surya Ilham Utama Surya Irma Bernadette Jimmy T. Sitorus JM Seno Adjie Johny Judio Judio, Johny Kanadi Sumapradja Kartika Mayasari Kartiwa Hadi Nuryanto Kevin Winston Leonanta M. Ginting Lestari, Renny Luky Satria Malik, Adila RA Manan, Heriyadi Manan, Heriyadi Marcel Elian Suwito Mardiah Taher Marian, Christina Meria,, Riry Muhammad D. Priangga Muhammad Dwi Priangga Muhammad Dwi Priangga Muhammad Syauqi Mirza Mukti, Alexander Nabila Budi, Yasmine Syifa Nana Agustina Nessyah Fatahan Noor Pramana Nur Fitri Fadila Oktavianti, Febby Pramana, Noor Pramayadi, Cepi Teguh Putri Addina R Hasan M Hoesni Raden Muharam Natadisastra Rahmi, Trisha Alya Ramadhani Sheba Arifin Renny Lestari Retno B Farid Ribkhi A. Putri Ridwan, Rusdi S Riry Meria, Riyan H. Kurniawan Riyan Hari Kurniawan Rizani Amran Rusdi S Ridwan Satria, Luky Soetarso, Arnold Suryo Hadiyono Syauqi Mirza Taher, Mardiah Tandjung, Thamrin Thamrin Tandjung TM Ichsan Tofan Widya Utami Trisha Alya Rahmi Trisha Alya Rahmi Tritama, Duta A Wachyu Hadisaputra Wachyu Hadisaputra Widohariadi Widohariadi Widohariadi Widohariadi Winston, Kevin Yudianto B Saroyo

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