This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the agricultural trade relationship between Australia and Indonesia. Anchored in their economic complementarity and regional proximity, this bilateral trade has evolved into a strategic partnership. Through a thematic synthesis of recent studies and policy documents, this review highlights key developments, regulatory frameworks, and economic impacts of trade in food and agricultural commodities. The analysis underscores the significance of trade agreements such as the Indonesia-Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (IA-CEPA), the challenges posed by sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures, and the potential of digital innovation and sustainability to shape future trade. This review aims to provide insights for policymakers and researchers by contextualising agricultural trade as a pivotal aspect of regional cooperation and food security.