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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian Hutan Tanaman JURNAL PEMULIAAN TANAMAN HUTAN Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Agrienvi : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Jurnal Wana Tropika Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Jurnal Wana Tropika

Sapto Indrioko

Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Author-ID : 287403

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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KERAGAMANAN GENETIK DAN PERMUDAAN ALAM PUSPA (Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth.) DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG MERAPI PASCA ERUPSI MERAPI 2010 Bangun Baramantya; Sapto Indrioko; Lies Rahayu Wijayanti Faida; Yayan Hadiyan
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 10, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth. (puspa) is a native vegetation of Gunung Merapi National Park (GMNP). This species has an important function for soil and water conservation in GMNP area, especially in the area with high slope. Puspa is also one of prioritised species planted in the forest ecosystem restoration project of GMNP after 2010 volcano eruption. Information on genetic diversity and natural regeneration potential of each puspa stand groups is then very essential for the success of forest ecosystem restoration in GMNP. Genetic diversity parameters of puspa is assessed by isozyme analysis, while its natural regeneration is evaluated by vegetation analysis. Selection of samples on stand groups of puspa for genetic diversity and natural regeneration analysis is based on levels of vegetation damage (low and moderate) and the planting plots of ecosystem restoration area. The results showed that the stands with low damage level located at Gunung Malang and Mriyan have higher genetic diversity than those with moderate damage level (Balerante and Tlogolele). Stand with the highest genetic diversity is Gunung Malang, with the mean observed heterozigosities (Ho) of 0.284 and minimum fixation index value (FIS) of 0.0508. Stand in the Ecosystem Restoration Demonstration Plot has the lowest level of genetic diversity (Ho = 0.1936; FIS = 0.1127). Regarding natural regeneration potential, the stand group of Gunung Malang is the highest.

EVALUASI UJI KLON JATI (Tectona grandis L.f.) UMUR 20 TAHUN DI KPH CEPU PERUM PERHUTANI Deanova Frestiana Br Pelawi; Sapto Indrioko; Fanny Hidayati; Aris Wibowo
Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan Vol 14, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan
Publisher : Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jpth.2020.14.1.33-41

Evaluation of the teak clone test aims to determine the growth and genetic parameters of the clones at the age of 20 years. Teak clone test was established in 1999 with a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The number of clones used was 65 clones, five replications (blocks), four treeplots, with a spacing of 3m x 3m. Measurements were carried out on the growth characteristics (i.e., plant height and diameter at breast height / DBH) and wood quality (i.e., Pilodyn penetration stress-wave velocity / SWV). The results of the analysis of variance showed that there were very significant differences in all observed growth characteristics. Heritability for plant height, stem diameter, Pilodyn penetration, and SWV were 0.38, 0.51, 0.59, 0.29, and 0.53, respectively. The expected genetic gains for volume and SWV were 21.81% and 2.11%, respectively, by selecting the best seven clones. The correlation between growth characteristics and between wood quality with growth characteristic is positive, indicating that improvement in productivity is followed by wood quality. The best clones based on clone values of stem diameter and SWV characteristics are clones number 110, 24, 97, 108, 20, 35, and 31, respectively.

In Vitro Screening of Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) with Gall Rust (Uromycladium tepperianum (Sacc.) Filtrate as Media Selection Asri Insiana Putri; Mohammad Na'iem; Sapto Indrioko; Sri Rahayu; Ari Indrianto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 19, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In vitro screening of Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) was conducted by tissue culture method. Seeds fromtwo different site of community forest, 400 m (S1) and 800 m (S2) above sea level, were used as material.Double concentration of MS (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) with 40 mg/l gall rust (Uromycladium tepperianum(Sacc.) fi ltrate were used for media selection. The results of this research showed that 66 % axenic plantlets invitro from S1 and 27 % from S2 were still survived after 3 months incubation without subculture. The meanof fresh weight (2. 21 ± 0. 26 g) and dry weight (1. 97 ± 0. 12 g) from S1 plantlets lower than the mean of freshweight (2. 87 ± 0,18 g) and dry weight (2. 16 ± 0. 14 g) from S2 plantlets. Qualitative of terpenes, saponins andquantitative of total phenolics were analyzed from those gall rust extract, as source of fi ltrate media, attackedand un-attacked of F. moluccana. They all qualitatively have capability to produce terpenoid and saponin. Itis notice that U. tepperianum, un-cultured pathogen, contain of those compound that may play a role as codeterminantsof pathogenecity. While the highest total phenolic compound were contained in gall rust extract(2. 35 %), followed by attacked F. moluccana branches (1. 18 %) and un-attacked F. moluccana branches (0. 44%). This indicated that phenolic compound in gall rust has higher activity as a response of F. moluccana to U.tepperianum pathogen pressures and result of this study suggest the great value of gall rust fi ltrate for use asmedia selection in vitro.

Somatic embryogenesis of Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) Toni Herawan; Mohammad Na'iem; Sapto Indrioko; Ari Indrianto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 19, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is native species of Indonesia, especially in East Nusa Tenggara, is oneof the twenty two species of the genus Santalum in the world. Sandalwood is an important tree because it hashigh economic value can produce sandal oil these can be used for perfumes, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, andare often used in religious ceremonies. In vitro particularly somatic embryogenesis has been widely appliedin the propagation of sandalwood. The Objective of this research is to obtain regeneration of sandalwoodthrough somatic embryogenesis using leaves explant from various clones. Medium for embryo induction is MS(Murashige and Skoog, 1962) solid medium containing treatment of 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)at various concentrations. To the media 0,15 mg /l kinetin, 40 g/l sucrose, and 2,5 g/l gelrite were added.Culture were incubated in the dark. Medium for Embryo development (maturation) is MS solid mediumcontaining treatment of BAP (Benzyl-amino-purine) at various concentrations. To the media 0,01 mg /l NAA(Napthalene-acetic-acid), 40 g/l sucrose, and 2,5 g/l gelrite were added. Culture were incubated in the light. Tostudy the specifi c structure of sandalwood somatic embryo early detection was conducted using histologicalanalysis. Results of anova showed that the clones, media, and interaction between clones with media did notsignifi cantly affect the development of sandalwood callus percentage. Results of anova showed that the clonesand BAP concentration signifi cantly effect to the embryo development of sandalwood.

The effects of population size on genetic parameters and mating system of sandalwood in Gunung Sewu, Indonesia Yeni Widyana Nurchahyani; Sapto Indrioko; Eny Faridah; Atus Syahbudin
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 20, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

We combined feld observations with isoenzyme analysis to compare population demographic and its effects on genetic diversity and mating systems, among six populations of sandalwood in Gunung Sewu, Indonesia, during March to August 2015. This endangered economic-important species was originated from the southeastern parts of Indonesia, but is recently occured as new landraces in Gunung Sewu, Java island. The observed heterozygosity varied from Ho 0.184 to 0.385 in parents, and from Ho 0.083 to 0.348 in offspring levels, based on the degree of clonality and genetic base. Most of genetic variation is distributed within populations, and only 2.7% were presented among populations, that was indicated by the low DST and FST value (HT 0.30; HS 0.276; DST 2.4%; FST 7.98%). A dendrogram indicated a grouping of populations into three clusters. However, there were seemed to be no association between geographical and genetic distance. Genetic depletion occured due to (i) clonality events as result of heavy-exploitation and/or natural disturbance which induced root suckering, (ii) genetic drifts and bottleneck effects, (iii) the founder effects due to parental low diversity, and (iv) the alteration on mating systems to be more inbreeders. Some of the results confrmed a “reproductive assurance prediction” while some others were contradicting this. It seemed that genetic diversity and mating systems are not much affected by population size, but more by the parental heterozygosity and the degree of clonality. Our results emphasized the importance of populations’ genetic base or parental genetic diversity to naturally maintain the genetic and evolutionary processes under equilibrium conditions.

Assessment of genetic diversity among surian Toona sinensis Roem in progenies test using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers Jayusman Jayusman; Muhammad Na’iem; Sapto Indrioko; Eko Bhakti Hardiyanto; ILG Nurcahyaningsih
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 22, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Surian Toona sinensis Roem is one of the most widely planted species in Indonesia. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity between a number of surian populations in a progeny test using RAPD markers, with the goal of proposing management strategies for a surian breeding program. Ninety-six individual trees from 8 populations of surian were chosen as samples for analysis. Eleven polymorphic primers (OP-B3, OP-B4, OP-B10, OP-H3, OP-Y6, OP-Y7, OP-Y8, OP-Y10, OP-Y11, OP-Y14, and OP-06) producing reproducible bands were analyzed for the 96 trees, with six trees per family sampled. Data were analyzed using GenAlEx 6.3, NTSYS 2.02. The observed percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 18.2% to 50%. The mean level of genetic diversity among the surian populations was considered to be moderate (He 0.304). Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into two main clusters, at similarity levels of 0.68 and 0.46. The first two axes of the PCoA explained 46.16% and 25.54% of the total variation, respectively. The grouping of samples into clusters and subclusters did not correspond with family and their distances, but the grouping was in line with the genetic distances of the samples.

Tunas Air: Variasi Kemunculan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jati (Tectona grandis) Eny Faridah; Sapto Indrioko; Tuharno Tuharno
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 3, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Epicormics Root: Emerge Variation and Its Effect on Teak (Tectona grandis) Seedling growth Epicormic shoot is an adventitious shoot appearing from the dormant buds. The formation of the shoots is influenced by environmental conditions such as drought, excessive crown opening (by thinning) or by shoot death, but genetic factor also plays a role. Epicormic shoot is assumed to negatively affects plant growth. The study aims to identin) family variation in tendency to form epicormic shoots and to examine the effect of epicormic shoots on seedling growth of teakThe study was conducted in 2006 on teak plantation in compartments 37b, 38c, and 38d, RPH Mangkang, BKPH Mangkang, KPH Kendal. Plant materials used were 6-month teak plantation named as prospective teak plantation (Jati Prospektip. The research was done in Randomized Completely Block Design using 28 seedlots/families (clone number 1 to 28), 3 treeplots, and 3 blocks as replication; and 2 silvicultural treatments i.e. with epicormic shoots and without epicormic shoots (shoots being cut).Results showed that seedlots with the highest tendency to form epicormic shoots were number 5, 18, and 25, while those with the lowest tendency were 6, 10 and 12. The existence of epicormic shoots negatively affected plant growth both on height and stem diameter. In two months, height and stem diameter growth of plants without epicormic shoots were 81.0 cm and 1.29 cm respectively, while those with epicormic shoots were only 69.1 cm and 1.13 cm respectively. Two families showing the highest growth performance were families 14 (with height and diameter growth of 95.6 cm and 1.50 cm) and 22 (94.2 cm and 1.47 cm).

Keberhasilan Okulasi Jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) Hasil Eksplorasi di Gunung Kidul Sapto Indrioko; Eny Faridah; Aan Yuli Widhianto
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 4, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Grafting Success Story of Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) from Exploration Material in Gunung KidulTeak exploration as planting material source of superior genotype is necessary for hedge orchard establishment for forest communities in order to produce the planting material by themselves. The objective of this study is to identify the success and growth of teak grafting resulted from exploration in Gunung Kidul region.The exploration aimed to collect teak ortet (mother tree). The ortets would be used as materials for hedge orchard, as the cutting source for community forest plantation. The study was conducted in Gunung Kidul region (for exploration) and in the Laboratorium on Intensive Silviculture, Silviculture Department, Faculty of Forestry UGM. In the laboratory, the first three months was to examine grafting compatibility, and the second three months to monitor the growth of teak grafting. The experiment in the laboratory was performed with Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with treatment of 16 clones and 10 treeplot replication each, making total of 160 clones.The study resulted in the following: 1) from the exploration, there were 52 clones having good genotypes; 2) from the 52 good-genotype clones, there were 16 clones having good compatibility; 3) in the period of 3 months, the best height growth was shown by clone number 6 with 27 cm; the best diameter growth by clone number 5 with 0.252 cm, and in term of leaf number, the best was shown by clone number 15 with 9.2 blades. In general clone number 6 showed the best compatibility and growth, with sprout life percentage of 37.03%; height growth of 2.7 cm; diameter growth of 0.114 cm and leaf number of 9.2 blades.

Pengaruh Cekaman Kekeringan terhadap Perilaku Fisiologis dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) Novita Anggraini; Eny Faridah; Sapto Indrioko
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 9, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) merupakan tanaman asli Amerika Utara dan telah tersebar ke Eropa dan Asia serta menjadi salah satu spesies yang digunakan untuk rehabilitasi lahan semiarid dan arid. Walau demikian, kemampuan adaptasi black locust pada daerah persebarannya cukup meresahkan disebabkan jenis ini memiliki potensi invasif yang cenderung menekan pertumbuhan tanaman asli setempat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh cekaman kekeringan berupa volume penyiraman dan interval penyiraman terhadap perilaku fisiologis dan pertumbuhan bibit black locust, serta untuk menganalisis tingkat toleransi black locust terhadap kekeringan melalui karakter efisiensi penggunaan air (WUE) dan kandungan klorofil. Perlakuan volume penyiraman berupa kapasitas lapang 30-40 % mewakili kondisi kekeringan dan kapasitas lapang 70-80 % mewakili kondisi air yang memadai, sementara periode interval penyiraman adalah 1 hari, 3 hari dan 7 hari. Metode analisis yang digunakan ialah analisis tren. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah semakin rendah volume penyiraman (KL 30-40 %) dan semakin lama interval penyiraman (ke 7 hari) maka fotosintesis, transpirasi, konduktansi stomata, serta pertumbuhan (tinggi, diameter, berat kering tajuk dan akar) akan semakin rendah, sementara untuk WUE dan kandungan klorofil semakin tinggi. Peningkatan WUE dan kandungan klorofil merupakan dua indikator bahwa black locust mampu beradaptasi (toleran) pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. Dengan begitu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan black locust dalam upaya reklamasi lahan kering perlu didahului studi khusus dan pertimbangan yang matang agar tidak membawa dampak invasif pada kehidupan mendatang.Kata kunci: black locust, cekaman kekeringan, jenis invasif, water use efficiency, kandungan klorofil. Effect of drought stress on physiological behavior and growth ofblack locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) seedlingsAbstractBlack locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is a native species from North America and it has spread to Europe and Asia. Black locust is also one species used for land rehabilitation in semiarid and arid areas. However, adaptability of black locust on their distribution area is quite disturbing due to its invasive potential that tends to suppress the growth of native plants. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of drought stress through watering volume and watering intervals treatments on physiological behavior and growth of black locust seedlings, and to analyze the level of black locust on drought tolerance through water use efficiency (WUE) character and chlorophyll content. The watering volumes are 30-40 % of field capacity representing drought conditions and 70-80 % of field capacity representing good water conditions, while the watering intervals are 1, 3 and 7 days. Trend analysis is used to analyze the data. The results indicate that the lower watering volume (30-40 %) and the longer the watering interval (for 7 days), the lower the photosynthesis and transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and growth (height, diameter, shoot dry weight and root) of plants, but the higher the WUE and chlorophyll content. Increasing WUE and chlorophyll content are two indicators indicating that black locust is able to adapt (tolerant) to drought stress situations. Therefore, the use of black locust for dry land reclamation requires special attention and careful strategy to avoid its invasive impact in the future.

Variasi Cendana (Santalum album Linn.) Berdasarkan Morfologi Daun dan Bunga di Desa Petir, Rongkop, Gunungkidul Ridla Arifriana; Sapto Indrioko; Atus Syahbudin
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 11, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Cendana (Santalum album Linn.) merupakan salah satu spesies yang digunakan sebagai tanaman rehabilitasi, dikenal mampu tumbuh di lahan dengan keterbatasan hara, dan memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dari kandungan minyak santalol yang wangi. Cendana merupakan spesies asli di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) namun dijumpai permudaan alami di beberapa kawasan Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), salah satunya di Desa Petir, Kecamatan Rongkop, Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Permudaan alami tersebut memiliki variasi morfologi yang relatif besar pada populasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan variasi cendana dan mengklasifikasikan cendana yang ditemui di lokasi penelitian berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa (1) cendana (meliputi organ generatif dan vegetatif) yang diambil secara sengaja (purposive) dan (2) Ximenia americana sebagai spesies pembanding. Data dideskripsi secara morfologi dan dilakukan analisis filogeni menggunakan metode maksimum parsimoni dengan penanda morfologi. Karakter morfologi cendana bervariasi pada ukuran dan bentuk daun, warna tenda bunga (perigonium), bunga, bentuk cuping, bentuk appendiks, warna batang, bentuk dan ukuran buah. Ditemui dua karakter cendana yang belum dijelaskan pada sumber sebelumnya di Indonesia yaitu bentuk daun lanset dan bulat telur serta karakter warna tenda bunga (perigonium), bunga oranye. Hasil analisis filogeni menunjukkan karakter daun kecil cendana lebih dekat dengan yang dimiliki oleh spesies pembanding. Karakter diagnostik secara tegas mengelompokan ukuran daun kecil dan ukuran daun besar. Ukuran daun kecil pada kisaran 2,8-7,7 cm sampai dengan 1,1-2,2 cm dan 7,9-10 cm sampai dengan 3,1-4 cm untuk cendana berdaun besar. Variasi bentuk daun serta warna bunga ditemukan pada masing-masing kelompok ukuran daun.Variation of Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) Based on Morphology of Leaves and Flowers at Petir Village, Rongkop, GunungkidulAbstractSandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) is one of the flora that are commonly used as rehabilitation species, known as a plant that can grow in a lack of nutrient soil, and has a high economic value of santalol oil. This plant is indigenous in East Nusa Tenggara but it has a natural regenaration in some areas of Gunungkidul Yogyakarta, including in Petir Village, Rongkop, Gunungkidul. Morphological variation of Sandalwood in this area was relatively high. This research aimed to describe and classify sandalwood variations that exist in the research site based on the morphological characters. The materials used in this study were (1) sandalwood as the target species (including generative and vegetative organs) with purposive sampling and (2) Ximenia americana as the outgroup species. Data were analyzed using description and phylogeny analysis using maximum parsimony method with morphological markers. Morphological characters of Sandalwoods were varied in size and leave shapes, flowers perigonium, lobes shapes, appendices shapes, stem color, shapes and fruit size. There were two characters that have not been described in the previous sources in Indonesia, form of leaves (oblong and oval) and orange color of perigonium. Phylogeny results showed that a small leaf sandalwood character was closer to the outgroup character. Diagnostic characters explicitly classified small leaf size and leaf size large. Size of small leaf was from 2.8 -7.7 cm to 1.1-2.2 cm and from 7.9-10 cm to 3.1-4 cm for large leaf. Leaf form and colour of flower variation was found in each group of leaf size.

Co-Authors Aan Yuli Widhianto Achmad Ramadan Agus Sofyan Ari Indrianto Ari Indrianto Arif Nirsatmanto Aris Wibowo Asri Insiana Putri Atus Syahbudin Aziz Akbar M Bangun Baramantya Budiad Budiad Budiadi Budiadi Daryono Prehaten Deanova Frestiana Br Pelawi Eko Bhakti Hardiyanto Eko Bhakti Hardiyanto Eko Bhakti Hardiyanto Eny Faridah Farobi, Ibnu Fasis Mangkuwibowo Haryono Supriyo Hidayati, Fanny ILG Nurcahyaningsih Issirep Sumardi Jayusman Jayusman Julianus Kinho Lies Rahayu Wijayanti Faida Lutfiana, Eva Mohammad Na'iem Mohammad Na'iem Mohammad Na'iem Mohammad Na'iem Mohammad Naiem Muhammad Fadhil Amiruddin Sudomo Muhammad Na’iem Na'iem, Mohammad Novita Anggraini R. Sapto Hendri Boedi Soesatyo Ridla Arifriana Rini Purwiastuti Sabarnurrdin, Sambas SRI RAHAYU Sri Rahayu Suryo Hardiwinoto Suryo Hardiwinoto Suyadi . Titin Setyorini, Titin Toni Herawan Toni Herawan Tri Suwarni Wahyudiningsih Tuharno Tuharno Wiwik Handayani Yayan Hadiyan Yeni Widyana Nurcahyani Cahyaningrum Yeni Widyana Nurchahyani

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