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COMPEREHENSIVE TECHNICAL STUDIES OF FLOOD CONTROL OVER SOLO CITY AREA (CASE STUDY IN DEMANGAN BARRAGE) Ali Trusharyanto; Rachmad Jayadi; Darmanto Darmanto
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum VOLUME: XXII/3 - SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.18903

Abstract

City of Surakarta, known as Solo City is one of cities in Central Java Province traversed by Bengawan Solo River. Heavy rainfall in upstream area of Bengawan Solo River causes increase in high water level at downstream. Bengawan Solo River will be higher than water level in drainage system which may induce a backwater flow. Since Colonization era, the government has built dikes and barrages against backwater flow and inundation problem. One of the barrages was Demangan Barrage dividing river flow into Bengawan Solo River and Pepe River. It was equipped with total capacity pump of 12,3 m3/s. The inundation is not only caused by the backwater flow coming from Bengawan Solo River, but also surface runoff as the result of the excess rainfall which cannot be drained gravitationally to the main river if the gate was closed. Therefore, comprehensive study combining hydrology and hydraulics analysis is highly needed in order to achieve more effective flood control management.Hydrology analysis was done to estimate the direct runoff hydrograph from catchment area in Solo City to downstream of Pepe River. While in hydraulics case, hydraulic parameter in downstream of Pepe River influenced by Bengawan Solo River stream was analyzed. Both studies were simulated using software HEC-RAS 4.1.0 version. The simulation considered drainage channel, gate, pump system and dike in Pepe River downstream.Simulation using 10 years of return period in Solo City and average annual water level in Bengawan Solo River showed that Pepe River can flow through the gate, while the highest water level is still below the dike. Simulation considering 10 years of return period, water level hydrograph of Bengawan Solo River, existing pump, and gate operation inferred that Pepe River surpassed top of dike. Capacity of required pump should be more than 168,3 m3/s in order to pass 10 years of return period. By combining operational of existing pump and dike elevated up to +87,63 m, capacity of required pump became lesser which was approximately 120,3 m3/s. Simulation of HEC-RAS conducted by operating pump automatically on critical elevation without heightened dike obtained the total capacity of pump was 132,3 m3/s.Keywords: barrage, pump operation, Bengawan Solo River, flood control management.
Unit Hydrograph Modeling using Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) Method Anantri Sulistyowati; Rachmad Jayadi; Adam Pamudji Rahardjo
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 4 No. 3 (September 2018)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (733.505 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.38860

Abstract

Flood forecasting at Wonogiri Reservoir is restricted on the availability of hydrologic data due to limited monitoring gauges. This issue triggers study of unit hydrograph modeling using Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) which is based on Geographic Information System (GIS). Analysis of physical watershed parameters was conducted on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data using software Watershed Modeling System (WMS) 10.1 and ArcGIS. Nash model and S-curve method were used to process triangular GIUH into hourly Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (IUH) and Unit Hydrograph (UH) and then was compared with the observed UH of Collins method. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on parameter of RL and Nash-model k. Evaluation of accuracy of the simulated GIUH runoff hydrograph was also conducted. The GIUH model generated UH with smaller peak discharge Qp, also slower and longer of tp and tb values than the observed UH. Accuracy test of the simulated GIUH runoff hydrograph using Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) shows that Keduang watershed gives a satisfying result, while Wiroko watershed gives less satisfactory result. The inaccuracies occur due to limited flood events used to derive the observed UH and stream tributaries that were not properly modeled based on Strahler method.
Correcting Radar Rainfall Estimates Based on Ground Elevation Function Roby Hambali; Djoko Legono; Rachmad Jayadi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 5 No. 3 (September 2019)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1035.983 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.49395

Abstract

X-band radar gives several advantages for quantitative rainfall estimation, involving higher spatial and temporal resolution, also the ability to reduce attenuation effects and hardware calibration errors. However, the estimates error due to attenuation in heavy rainfall condition cannot be avoided. In the mountainous region, the impact of topography is considered to contribute to radar rainfall estimates error. To have more reliable estimated radar rainfall to be used in various applications, a rainfall estimates correction needs to be applied. This paper discusses evaluation and correction techniques for radar rainfall estimates based on ground elevation function. The G/R ratio is used as a primary method in the correction process. The novel approach proposed in this study is the use of correction factor derived from the relationship between Log (G/R) parameter and elevation difference between radar and rain gauge stations. A total of 4590 pairs of rainfall data from X-band MP radar and 15 rain gauge stations in the Mt. Merapi region were used in evaluation and correction process. The results show the correction method based on the elevation function is relatively good in correcting radar rainfall depth with values of Log (G/R) decreased up to 81.1%, particularly for light rainfall (≤ 20 mm/hour) condition. Also, the method is simple to apply in a real-time system.
Evaluation of Reservoir Capacity and Reliability for Urban Water Utilization in Dili, Timor Leste Aderita Mariana Takeleb; Joko Sujono; Rachmad Jayadi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 7 No. 2 (May 2021)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.58538

Abstract

The ability to store and distribute water resources is very significant to human activities. Therefore, high importance is placed on the sector to address any adverse impact in the event of major shortfall, particularly in Dili, Timor Leste. A study on the development of effective water resource management mechanisms has been conducted to support government visions. As a consequence, priority strategy was initiated to design the necessary infrastructure, in order to match urban demands. One action plan of this effort is by building reservoirs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the construction of a minor or large reservoir to meet water consumption rate in Dili. Also, the strategy implementation proposal of the reservoir development in Beemos and Becora rivers was prepared by analyzing the reliability and capacity, using a model known as water release standard operating rules. However, water balance simulation results showed the reliability of clean water services from these two small storage units is unable to approach 100%, due to limited volume. The capacity optimization outcomes of large Beemos reservoir indicated the inflow potential at 90% utilization, and therefore is able to balance the urban water demand up to 2030. Despite impressive simulation results, the government is expected to consistently conduct a detailed feasibility study in the upstream area, prior to implementation. Furthermore, large reservoir construction is highly recommended for effective water resource expansion, in an attempt to match the high consumption rate in Dili. This effort possibly supports Timor Leste's targets and sustainable development goals concerning clean water and sanitation.
VARIABILITY OF WATER TABLE ELEVATION AND FLOW RESPONSE OF TROPICAL PEATLAND CASE STUDY AT PULAU PADANG, RIAU PROVINCE OF INDONESIA Nilna Amal; Joko Sujono; Rachmad Jayadi; Koichiro Ohgushi
Lowland Technology International Vol 22 No 4 (2021): Lowland Technology International Journal
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.0001/ialt_lti.v22i4.674

Abstract

Peatland is a type of soil characterized by high water content. Using peatlands for plantation is accompanied by the presence of a channel. It causes water table decreasing to a certain depth that will increase the risk of fire. This study aims to observe characteristics of water table level in order to reveal the peatlands hydrology transformation. The study is conducted in Pulau Padang, Riau Province of Indonesia, which is a drained peatland that has been developed for industrial crop cultivation. The land is managed by different two groups, which are maintained by the local community and by private companies. An analysis is carried out by using a balance of water budget in peatland. The results show that there are correlations between water management with the state of water table elevation, especially the presence of channels and their management. The decreases of water table in local community areas are higher than that in companies' land with variety in higher values. This phenomenon occurs because there are no canal blocks on the peatland, which is managed by the local community so that the rise and fall of the water surface occur naturally. Keywords: peatlands, water table depth, channelization, rainfall, direct runoff
PERHITUNGAN HUJAN EFEKTIF DENGAN METODE SCS-CN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HIDROGRAF SATUAN Anggi Nidya Sari; Joko Sujono; Rachmad Jayadi
Inersia: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 8, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (500.243 KB) | DOI: 10.33369/ijts.8.1.27-38

Abstract

The change of landuse at watershed (DAS) could influence that watershed’s condition. This affects runoff condition or changed of discharge of watershed. Lack of attention toward water resource management causes low support capacity of DAS such as lack of infiltration capacity or lack of water storage capacity. The understanding about process and how much effective rainfall happens including influencing factors are very needed as model to apply watermanagement and use system of field more effective. This research was conducted in five DAS of DI Yogyakarta and DAS in Central Java area. Those five DAS were DAS Code in Pogung, Code in Kaloran, Gajahwong in Papringan, Bogowonto in Pungangan and Progo in Badran. Effective rainfall method can be analysis by SCS-CN method. Effective rainfall obtained from  these methods would be used for unit measurement of flood discharge design with unit hydrograph method.The result of research showed that The value of effective rainfall varied well from SCS-CN method. The design for flood discharge measurement with unit hydrograph method to compared with analysis frequency method. Initial abstraction is also very influential in the SCS-CN method.
Pengembangan Model Optimasi Pemanfaatan Air Waduk Serbaguna Wonogiri Paska Pembangunan Closure Dike Yotam Adiel Haryanto; Rachmad Jayadi; Istiarto
Jurnal Teknik Sumber Daya Air Vol. 2 No. 1 (Juni 2022)
Publisher : Himpunan Ahli Teknik Hidraulik Indonesia (HATHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (869.999 KB) | DOI: 10.56860/jtsda.v2i1.25

Abstract

Untuk mengatasi persoalan sedimentasi Waduk Serbaguna Wonogiri telah dibangun closure dike yang menyebabkan terbentuknya dua buah tampungan, yaitu main reservoir (MR) dan sediment storage reservoir (SSR). Oleh karena itu potensi pemanfaatan air Waduk Serbaguna Wonogiri perlu dikaji ulang dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi terkini tampungan waduk. Penerapan usulan pedoman operasi waduk baru yang telah disiapkan dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi kinerja pemanfaatan air menggunakan pendekatan model optimasi. Pada makalah ini disampaikan hasil pengembangan awal model optimasi pemanfaatan air Waduk Serbaguna Wonogiri berbasis simulasi neraca air dalam bentuk perangkat lunak menggunakan pemrograman Microsoft Visual Studio 2019. Pengaturan release waduk didasarkan pada pedoman operasi waduk sesuai rekomendasi Nippon Koei Co. Ltd. tahun 2016 menggunakan algoritma optimasi metode Brute Force. Output dari perangkat lunak selanjutnya dianalisis untuk evaluasi kinerja operasi waduk. Simulasi neraca air waduk dilakukan dengan variasi nilai control water level (CWL), kondisi aliran inflow yaitu tahun basah, normal dan kering, serta skenario target release. Hitungan model optimasi pengaturan release waduk menggunakan perangkat lunak yang dibuat dapat dilakukan secara cepat dengan hasil yang akurat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa recovery muka air MR berhasil tercapai jika digunakan CWL +136,30 m dan hanya pada kondisi inflow tahun basah. Tingkat pemenuhan kebutuhan air rerata pada ketiga kondisi inflow tersebut berturut-turut sebesar 99,75%; 98,75%; 97,08% untuk CWL +135,80 m dan sebesar 99,83%; 98,75%; 94,58% untuk CWL 136,30 m.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN AIR DOMESTIK DAN NON DOMESTIK DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA Lidwina Putri Astani; Intan Supraba; Rachmad Jayadi
Teknologi Sipil : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Vol 5, No 2 (2021): JTS TEKNOLOGI SIPIL
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/ts.v5i2.6984

Abstract

Kabupaten Kulon Progo merupakan salah satu wilayah di Provinsi DIY. Pada wilayah tersebut telah beroperasi New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA). Pesatnya pembangunan di wilayah ini sebagai kawasan pengembangan Aetropolis akan menimbulkan keterbatasan pasokan air dan meningkatnya kebutuhan air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung kebutuhan air di wilayah kajian di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Kebutuhan air yang dihitung di wilayah kajian meliputi kebutuhan air domestik, non-domestik, irigasi, industri, peternakan dan perikanan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Kulon Progo serta perhitungan kebutuhan air mengacu pada SNI 6728-1-2015. Dari hasil perhitungan kebutuhan air terbesar adalah kebutuhan air irigasi yaitu Daerah Irigasi Kalibawang dengan kebutuhan air rata-rata pertahun sebesar 1,754 m³/detik, Daerah Irigasi Sapon kebutuhan air rata-rata pertahun sebesar 1,34 m³/detik, Daerah Irigasi Pengasih kebutuhan air rata-rata pertahun sebesar 1,366 m³/detik. Lalu kebutuhan air domestik sebesar 0,6157 m³/detik, kebutuhan air non-domestik sebesar 0,1847 m³/detik, kebutuhan air peternakan sebesar 0,0603 m³/detik, kebutuhan air industri sebesar 0,0061 m³/detik dan kebutuhan air perikanan sebesar 0,000000040 m³/detik.
Optimizing the Use of Meninting Multipurpose Reservoir Water in West Lombok District Fransisca Natania Karina Rediasti; Rachmad Jayadi; Bambang Triatmodjo
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 9 No. 2 (May 2023)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.7161

Abstract

The construction of the Meninting Reservoir was planned with the objective of meeting the irrigation and domestic water demands on Lombok Island. It served as a multipurpose reservoir, with a maximum storage volume of 12.18 million m³, mainly for supplying irrigation and domestic water. The reservoir had considerable potential for water availability, which could be used to supply water to the South Lombok region with limited water availability but had agricultural land potential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of Meninting Reservoir water availability and its optimum utilization for irrigation and domestic purposes. The irrigation water demand for 1,559.29 ha and domestic water demand of 150 ls-1 was fulfilled by Meninting Reservoir. Water availability in this Reservoir was estimated with the F.J. Mock method of rainfall-runoff model using 25 years of daily rainfall data from Gunung Sari and Sesaot rain gauge stations. The calibration process of the rainfall-runoff parameters models employed observed discharge data from the Aiknyet water level gauge station. The formula for optimizing reservoir water release was prepared using the linear programming method based on operational water level limits, inflow discharge, irrigation, and non-irrigation water requirements, including domestic water. The optimal average annual cropping intensity was 203.96%, 215.87%, and 241.41% for dry, normal, and wet years, respectively. The service reliability of irrigation and domestic water demands reached 100% for all inflow discharge conditions. The k-factor value met the minimum limit of 0.70 and 0.85 for irrigation and domestic water demands, respectively.
The Development of Ungauged-Catchment Integrated-Similarity Unit Hydrograph to Estimate Inflow of Wonogiri Reservoir Kurniawan Putra Santoso; Istiarto; Rachmad Jayadi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 9 No. 3 (September 2023)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.7051

Abstract

The Wonogiri Reservoir is a multipurpose reservoir at the Upper Bengawan Solo Watershed, primarily designed to serve as a flood control system. However, there is no accurate estimation of the inflow into the reservoir due to the limited availability of hydrological stations. Observations showed only four out of ten unit hydrographs of the Wonogiri Reservoir watershed. Therefore, this study was conducted to apply an integrated similarity-based approach for designing unit hydrographs in ungauged catchments. The process involved evaluating the integrated similarity between pairs of gauged-ungauged catchments using hydrologic and physical property parameters. This led to the selection of the donor or gauged catchment with the highest similarity score to develop the unit hydrograph for the ungauged catchments. The developed UHs were further applied to estimate the reservoir inflow for the December 25, 2007, flood event. The results showed that the computed peak discharge was 10.9% lower than a previous study. Subsequently, the HEC-HMS simulation model was used to project the updated design flood hydrographs to the reservoir. The design rainfall was derived from automatic rainfall recorder (ARR) and PERSIANN satellite-based data. The ARR data showed that the extreme rainfall duration was 5 hours while satellite data indicated 6 hours. The application of the ARR 5-hour duration to the updated flood hydrographs led to a peak discharge of 5123 m3 s-1, 7041 m3 s-1, and 10,370 m3 s-1 for the 60-year, 500-year, and PMF floods respectively in line with the flood design criteria of Wonogiri Reservoir. These estimates were observed to be significantly higher than the 1982 design floods which were 4000 m3 s-1, 5100 m3 s-1, and 9600 m3 s-1 respectively. This updated flood control design was important to renew the operation rule of the Wonogiri reservoir during flood periods.