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All Journal METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Jurnal Biologi Udayana Bumi Lestari SIMBIOSIS Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi
MADE SUSUN PARWANAYONI
Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali.
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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Isolation and molecular identification of fungi causing stem rot disease in Bali's local legumes Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni; Dewa Ngurah Suprapta; Nyoman Darsini; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 9 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sci and Tech, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/bio.v9i1.20426

Abstract

Efforts to improve food security in Indonesia, particularly Bali, need to be supported by improvements in cultivation techniques, including the management of pests and diseases. Meanwhile, legume crops are often attacked by stem rot diseases which potentially decrease production and leads to economic losses. This disease is generally caused by the soil-borne pathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii or Athelia rolfsii. The macroscopic and microscopic morphologies of these two species are the same and difficult to distinguish, hence, molecular identification is needed to differentiate between the species. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and molecularly identify the fungi causing stem rot disease in local legume plants in Bali. The methods used include isolation of pathogenic fungi from legumes showing symptoms of stem rot disease, pathogenicity test, identification of isolates with the highest virulent levels, DNA extraction, DNA amplification by PCR and electrophoresis, ITS region sequencing and computer analysis sequences. The isolation procedure identified six fungal isolates coded SKT, SKB1, SKB2 SKB3, SKL and SKN isolates. SKT isolates had the highest virulence rate as indicated by the pathogenicity test of peanut plants. Furthermore, molecular identification results show that SKT isolate is Athelia rolfsii, a similar clade with the fungi sequences in GenBank with 100% bootstrap support.
Uji Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Tanaman Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) Affrina Fauziah; Sang Ketut Sudirga; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i01.p03

Abstract

Leunca plant (Solanum nigrum L.) is one of the plants that is often used as food for the people of Indonesia. Leunca plant leaves are widely used for herbal medicines. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of leunca leaf extract (Solanum nigrum L.). The study was conducted at the Analytical Laboratory of Udayana University, the Organic Laboratory of Chemistry Study Programs at Udayana University and the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture of Udayana University. Phytochemical tests were carried out to determine the presence of alkaloid compounds, steroids / triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenols and tannins. The antioxidant activity of leunca leaf extract (Solanum nigrum Linn) was tested by DPPH method (1-1-diphenyl-2-picrilhidrazil), with 5 different concentrations and consisted of 4 replications. Leunca positive leaf extract contains alkaloids, steroids / triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenols and tannins. The results showed that dried leunca leaf extract and fresh leunca leaf extract had different antioxidant activity. Dry leunca leaf extract is classified as strong antioxidant with antioxidant activity value of 64.40%, IC50 value of 95.12 ppm and fresh leunca leaf extract is classified as weak antioxidant with antioxidant activity value of 16.83%, IC50 value of 243.66 ppm. Keywords: Solanum nigrum L., herb, phytochemicals, antioxidant, DPPH
Identifikasi Jamur Endofit pada Tanaman Anggur Bali (Vitis vinifera L. Var Alphonso lavalle) serta Potensi Antagonisnya terhadap Botrytis cinerea Pers. Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Kelabu Putu Anggan Pradipta Utama; Meitini Proborini Wahyuni; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p01

Abstract

This research aims to isolate and test the ability of endophytic fungi from the Bali Grape plant (Vitis vinifera L. var Alphonso lavalle) against botrytis cinerea pers. cause of gray rot in Grapes Bali. This research is an exploration study that is then continued with experimental. This research sample was isolated from Balinese grapes, namely healthy roots, stems, and leaves as well as diseased fruit parts from Balinese vineyards in Banyupoh Village, Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali. Isolates of endophyte fungi that are successfully isolated are then tested using dual culture methods against pathogenic fungi. The test results of five isolates of endophytic fungi obtained three types of fungi that have the tasteless power of two types of fungi Trichoderma spp. (1) (2) and Mucor spp. with consecutive bonding power of 90.67 ± 16.17%, 75.67 ± 31.13%, and 82.67 ± 39.02. These results show that endophyte fungi have potential as biocontrol agents. Keywords : Mushroom endophyte, Botrytis cinerea Pers., Biocontrol
Elusidasi Dan Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembung Delan (Sphaeranthus indicus L.) Terhadap Candida albicans ATCC 1023 Yulita Salma Lani; Ida Bagus Gde Darmayasa; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p18

Abstract

The sembung delan (Sphaeranthus indicus L.) plant is one of the weeds in Indonesia which has great potential as an alternative antifungal. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of sembung delan leaf extract to inhibit the fungus Candida albicans ATCC 1023, as a pathogenic species and cause of candidiasis, as well as chemical compounds contained in the extract. The research design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) divided into 7 treatments and 4 repetitions with one treatment factor, namely the concentration of 1% (w/v), 2% (w/v), 3% (w/v), 4% (w/v), 5% (w/v). Positive control (Nystatin) and negative control (Solvent). Phytochemical tests were carried out and analysis of compound content using GC-MS. The results showed that sembung delan leaf extract was able to inhibit C. albicans ATCC 1023 with the greatest inhibition, namely at a concentration of 5% (w/v) with a diameter of 13.00 mm, a minimum concentration of 0.3% (w/v) with a diameter of 5.925 mm. Statistically significantly different (P?0.05) with a concentration of 0.1% (w / v), and 0.2% (w / v) with a diameter of 0.000 mm and an optimum concentration of 4% (w/v) with a diameter of 11.25 mm. Phytochemical test results of the crude extract of sembung delan contain saponins, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and tannins. For GC-MS analysis, 7 active compounds were obtained with 6 of them known as anti-fungal compounds, namely Thymol; 1-Tetradecanamine, N, N-dimethyl-; Benzene, 2-methoxy-1,2,3-trimethyl-; 6-Octenal, 3,7-dimethyl-; Thymol and Benzyl chloride. The active compounds contained in sembung delan leaf extract have the opportunity to be used as herbal ingredients to control C. albicans ATCC 1023. Keywords: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, phytochemicals, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Fungi Endofit dari Rimpang Jahe Gajah (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe) terhadap Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Ni Ketut Yuliana Sari; Retno Kawuri; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 7 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i02.p11

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate and test the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from elephant ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe) against MRSA. This research is an exploratory research which is continued with experimental. The research sample was obtained from three locations. The first sample was from Pancasari Village, Singaraja, Bali. The second sample was from Peguyanganan Village, Denpasar, Bali. The third sample is from Tebuana Village, Tampaksiring, Bali. This research was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University. Eight isolates of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated with each inhibitory zone against MRSA, Fusarium sp. 1 (21 mm), Fusarium sp. 2 (19 mm), Fusarium sp. 3 (20 mm), Fusarium sp. 4 (21 mm), Aspergillus sp. 1 (32 mm), Aspergillus sp. 2 (25 mm), Fungi S3F1 (13 mm) and Fusarium sp. 5 (25 mm). This shows that endophytic fungi can be used as an alternative producer of antibacterial compounds. Keywords: Antibacterial, Endophytic fungi, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI BUNGA POTONG ANTHURIUM SP MELALUI PEMANFAATAN PUPUK ORGANIK N. L. Suriani; N. M. S. Parwanayoni; N. M. Suartini
Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Vol 15 No 2 (2016): Jurnal Udayana Mengabdi
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (363.466 KB)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to look at the effectiveness of organic fertilizers in increasing the production of anthurium sp flowers. Method of this research a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 6 replications. Starting with the manufacture of organic fertilizers by using chicken dung and waste cut flowers. Then made an application to the anthurium flowers. Parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers / hill, the amount of interest / clump and flower diameter. The results that the treatment significantly different (P <0.05) with the control. This suggests that organic fertilizers can increase production of cut flower anthurium sp, with the highest amount of interest and the interest of the longest diameter contained in the fertilizer treatment of 1.5 tons / ha. Number of tillers / clump and number of leaves contained in the fertilizer treatment of 2 tons / ha, this is due to the treatment, the number of N fertilizer is too high that the increased leaf production. From the results of this study concluded that organic fertilizers can increase production of flower anthurium sp.
ISOLASI STREPTOMYCES SPP. PADA KAWASAN HUTAN PROVINSI BALI SERTA UJI DAYA HAMBATNYA TERHADAP LIMA STRAIN DIARRHEAGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI I WAYAN EKA DHARMAWAN; MADE SUSUN PARWANAYONI; RETNO KAWURI
Jurnal Biologi Udayana Vol 13 No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (534.11 KB)

Abstract

An exploration study of natural resources soil bacteria antibiotic-producer, Streptomyces spp. was done in two steps. The first step was isolation of Streptomyces and the second involved testing their inhibition activities against five strains diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Soil samples were collected from ten forest areas in Bali. As many as 55 isolates were collected with various macroscopic dan microscopic characters. Most isolates (eight Streptomyces isolates) were collected from forest area in Penulisan, Kintamani (RTK. 20). The diversities of isolates are influenced by environment condition. All Streptomyces isolated were tested against five strains diarrheagenic Escherichia coli to check antibiotic activity for inhibit growth of E. coli. Streptomycine was used as a control. The result showed that the largest inhibition zones of Streptomyces against E. coli strains EHEC, ETEC, EIEC, EPEC and DAEC were produced by Streptomyces PK5 (48,67 ± 0,58 mm), Streptomyces GAA4 (29,00 ± 2,00 mm), Streptomyces GBK3 (42,67 ± 2,08 mm), Streptomyces SkBB5 (29,00 ± 2,65 mm) and Streptomyces GM3 (33,67 ± 3,21 mm) respectively.
PERGANTIAN POPULASI BAKTERI HETEROTROF, ALGAE DAN PROTOZOA DI LAGOON BTDC UNIT PENANGANAN LIMBAH NUSA DUA BALI Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment Vol 8 No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Environmental Research Center (PPLH) of Udayana University

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Abstract

This research was carried out at Nusa Dua Lagoon, Nusa Dua – Bali in the year of 2006. The research was aimed to find out the concentration of heterotrophic bacteria, algae and protozoa, as well as to observe the change of the population in the lagoon. Results of this study showed that the highest concentration of the population of heterotrophic bacteria was on pond 4b (aerated pond 2), algae population was highest at pond 5a (sedimentation pond 1), and the population of protozoa was highest on pond 5b (sedimentation pond 2). The population of heterotrophic bacteria was replaced by algae and then algae was taken over by protozoa.
JENIS TUMBUHAN DAN KONDISI HUTAN MANGROVE DI NUSA LEMBONGAN DAN NUSA CENINGAN, KECAMATAN NUSA PENIDA, KABUPATEN KLUNGKUNG I G. A. Sugi Wahyuni; N. M. Susun Parwanayoni; Joko Wiryatno
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment Vol 7 No 2
Publisher : Environmental Research Center (PPLH) of Udayana University

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Abstract

This research was undertaken in Nusa Lembongan and Nusa Ceningan, District ofNusa Penida, Klungkung Regency, between 2005-2006. This reserach was aimed to find outthe size of area and the status of mangrove forest, kind of species, as well as problems facedby the forest related to its conservation status. From this research it was revealed that thesize of the area where the mangrove available in Nusa Lembongan was around 212 ha, andthere was also mangrove forest in Nusa Ceningan about 15 ha. There were 13 species offlora available on mangrove ecosystem which were classified as true mangroves, while 9kinds were asociated mangroves. From the field observation it was revealed that there is apossible threat to the mangrove forest if there is no good management strategy. Someactivities which were available on the mangrove forest that were potentially provided impactsto sustainability of the forest, such as the use for anchoring boats and mangrove touractivities.
PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BUAH JUWET (Syzygium cumini L.) TERHADAP JUMLAH DAN MORFOLOGI SPERMATOZOA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus sp.) JANTAN YANG TERPAPAR ASAP ROKOK Fitria Dwijayanti; A.A.S.A. Sukmaningsih; , Ni Made Rai Suarni; Sang Ketut Sudirga; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
SIMBIOSIS Vol 5 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (824.124 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2017.v05.i01.p05

Abstract

The research to determine the effect of fruit extracts juwet on the number and morphology of spermatozoa were superbly exposed to smoke has been conducted. This study uses rats aged 3 month, 200-210 gram, total 24 rats consisting of 4 treatment, is control, smoke of cigarette, juwet fruit extracts, and smoke of cigarette to juwet fruit extracts. Each treatment consisting 6 replications, each consisting of 1 rat. Before, acclimatization of rat treated 7 days. Way of giving juwet fruit extracts the gavage method 2 ml once daily for 48 days, while the CMC-Na 0,5% is given control. The exposure to cigarette smoke is given from an aerator pump , to given once daily for 48 days. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, if they were 5% significantly different would be followed by a DMRT. The result showed that the number of abnormal sperm morphology were significantly diferent (p<0,05). The averange number of abnormal spermatozoa K1 group was higher than K3 group. The number of spermatozoa was not significant different between treatments. The average number of spermatozoa K1 lower than K3. This is because the smoke of cigarette increased formation of ROS and the resulting stress oxidative and cause cell damage tissues and organs, especially to the reproductive system. Juwet fruits extract have been able to improve the count and morphologyof rats spermatozoa expose to smoke. This case because of antioxidant from juwet fruit can be protect cell from the free radical attack. Keywords: Rattus sp, smoke of cigarette, java plum fruit, spermatozoa, , ROS, antioxidant.
Co-Authors Affrina Fauziah Deni Agung Priandoko Dewa Ngurah Suprapta Fitria Dwijayanti I Gusti Ayu Diana Meirani I Gusti Ayu Laras Pratama Putri I Gusti Ayu Sugi Wahyuni I Ketut Sundra I WAYAN EKA DHARMAWAN Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa Joko Wiryatno Made Ria Defiani Meitini Proborini Wahyuni Nasha Hadi Rahmadanty Ni Ketut Yuliana Sari Ni LUH ARPIWI Ni Luh Suriani Ni Made Rai Suarni Ni Made Suartini Nyoman Darsini Putu Anggan Pradipta Utama Rachel Daniella Dinda Maria Lumban Tobing Retno Kawuri SANG KETUT SUDIRGA Stareast Wulandari Sigiro Yulita Salma Lani