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All Journal Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia VALENSI JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Jurnal Riset Kimia IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Science and Technology Indonesia Al-Kimia Jurnal Kartika Kimia Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Tetty Kemala
Departemen Kimia, FMIPA - IPB Kampus IPB Darmaga, Gedung Fakultas Peternakan, Bogor-16680
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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PERAN GLUKOMANAN-ARANG AKTIF SEBAGAI HIPOKOLESTEROLEMIK PADA TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY Agus Malik Ibrahim; Irma Herawati Suparto; Tetty Kemala; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 34, No 4 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.4.359-371

Abstract

Kolesterol merupakan metabolit yang mengandung lemak sterol yang berguna untuk mendukung fungsi sel-sel dalam tubuh dan menghasilkan vitamin D, hormon kortisol, dan hormon reproduksi. Kandungan kolesterol yang tinggi dikenal dengan istilah hiperkolesterolemia merupakan predisposisi terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa glukomanan dan arang aktif dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol, namun kombinasi keduanya belum dipelajari secara intensif. Tulisan ini mempelajari kemampuan glukomanan dari tepung Amorphophallus dan arang aktif dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol tikus Sprague Dawley. Pada awalnya, glukomanan diisolasi dari tepung Amorphophallus dan arang aktif dibuat dari serbuk gergaji kayu jati dan serabut kelapa. Kedua komponen kemudian diformulasikan dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), x-ray diffractometer dan scanning electron microscope. Tiga puluh lima tikus jantan dewasa Sprague Dawley dengan berat 160 sampai 200 g dibagi ke dalam tujuh kelompok perlakuan: diet tinggi lemak (DTL) dan glukomanan, DTL dan arang aktif serbuk kayu jati (TC), DTL dan arang aktif serabut kelapa (CC), DTL, glukomanan, dan CC (1:1), DTL, glukomanan, dan CC (2:1), DTL, glukomanan dan CC (1:2) dan DTL tanpa perlakuan sebagai kontrol. Kadar kolesterol tikus diukur sebelum dan sesudah lima minggu perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar kolesterol tertinggi (37,4%) tercatat dari tikus dengan perlakuan DTL, glukomanan, dan CC (1:1) dan pengurangan lipoprotein kerapatan rendah sebesar 49,7% dan trigliserida sebesar 18,3%.
Coating of Nanotube Ti6Al4V Alloy with Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan-Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Charlena Charlena; Tetty Kemala; Ravena Ravena
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 7, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v7.i2.58

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be applied as a bone implant material. HAp was composited with chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and coated to Ti6Al4V to improve its biocompatibility. The composite HAp-chitosan-PVA coated to anodized and unanodized Ti6Al4V. Modification of the Ti6Al4V surface by anodizing was done using a 20 V voltage. The Ti6Al4V metal alloy was coated with a composite using the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method with a voltage of 80 V. The coated composites in Ti6Al4V nanotubes and non-nanotubes were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), corrosion test with potentiostat, and in vitro bioactivity test with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The XRD results showed a distinctive peak indicating that the composite comprises HAp and Ti. The SEM Ti6Al4V nanotube results show a pore size of 24 nm. The FTIR results show that there were functional groups of HAp, chitosan, and PVA. The corrosion rate on Ti6Al4V nanotubes without coating was greater than with coating. The In vitro bioactivity test showed that the decrease of Ca2+ Ti6Al4V nanotube concentration was faster compared to non-nanotube Ti6Al4V.
Potential for Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan-Polyvinyl Alcohol Membrane Loaded with Green Grass Jelly Leaf and Moringa Leaf Extract as a Wound Dressing Nur Inayatullah; Tetty Kemala; Irma Herawati Suparto
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 4 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 4 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (593.444 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.4.146-154

Abstract

Chitosan is a natural polymer that can be used as wound dressing material; however, it has rigid and brittle properties. A combination of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is expected to allow improvement of chitosan’s mechanical properties. Green grass jelly leaf (Cyclea barbarta M.) and moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L.) have antibacterial compounds that can be added to the chitosan-PVA composite membrane. The purpose of the research was to develop and characterize the chitosan-PVA composite membrane with the addition of green grass jelly leaf and moringa leaf extracts to enhance the antibacterial activity of the membranes that have potential as a wound dressing. Both extracts with various composition volumes (75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) were tested for antibacterial activities against S. aureus and E. coli. Chitosan-PVA composite membrane with the volume ratios of 5:5, 6:4, and 7:3 was added with extract with the highest antibacterial activity. The composites were characterized for density, water vapor permeability, tensile strength, elongation, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope. The most significant inhibition zone was shown by an extract ratio of 50:50 against S. aureus and E. coli, 13.00±1.17 mm and 7.00±0.17 mm, respectively. Composite membrane with the addition of extract had a larger inhibition zone against S. aureus (9.75±0.75 mm) and E. coli (7.50±0.65 mm) than without extract. Chitosan-PVA(5:5)+extract membrane showed excellent density and water vapor permeability compared to other membrane ratio compositions. Mechanically, the addition of extract decreased the tensile strength and elongation of the membranes; however, it still complied with the medical material standard criteria. The characterization for functional groups showed that chitosan-PVA+extract generated the N-H group peak with two wavenumbers expressed as overlapping amides with amines and protonated amines. The SEM analysis showed that the addition of extract was not distributed homogeneously on the membrane surface.
Kompatibilitas Nanokristal Selulosa Termodifikasi Setrimonium Klorida (CTAC) dalam Matriks Poliasam Laktat sebagai Material Pengemas Nina Hartati; Tetty Kemala; Komar Sutriah; Obie Farobie
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 4 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 4 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2700.326 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.22.4.157-163

Abstract

Pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk meningkatkan konsumsi plastik nonbiodegradable yang menyebabkan penumpukan sampah. Pengalihan bahan plastik dari yang tidak dapat terurai dengan plastik yang mudah terurai penting dilakukan. PLA merupakan polimer plastik yang mudah terurai namun bersifat rapuh. Limbah industri minyak kelapa sawit yang berupa tandan kosong kelapa sawit memiliki potensi sebagai reinforcement material karena kandungan selulosanya sebesar 30-40%. Perkecilan ukuran menjadi skala nano akan meningkatkan luas permukaan dan kemampuan dispersi selulosa ke dalam matriks PLA, sehingga meningkatkan kompatibilitas ditinjau dari sifat mekanik dan morfologi permukaan pada kompositnya. Hidrolisis asam kuat selulosa dan sentrifugasi pada kecepatan 5000 rpm berhasil mendapatkan nanokristal selulosa dengan persen kristalin sebesar %. Ultrasonikasi nanoselulosa kristalin menghasilkan partikel dengan diameter rerata 7,967 nm. CTAC sebagai agen solubilizer dan pemodifikasi permukaan berhasil membentuk interaksi dengan nanokristal selulosa yang terekam pada bilangan gelombang 2850 cm-1, 2960 cm-1 dan 720 cm-1. Nanokristal selulosa yang dimodifikasi CTAC membentuk komposit CNCs-PLA dengan sifat mekanik yang lebih baik dari PLA murni. Pada jumlah CTAC tetap 0,2 mol, sifat mekanik komposit CNC-PLA terbaik diperoleh pada komposisi rasio 90 : 10 dengan kekuatan tarik 26,295 MPa, perpanjangan putus 68,18%, dan keteguhan tarik 0,387 Gpa. Semakin besar konsentrasi CTAC yang memodifikasi nanokristal selulosa, semakin rendah nilai kekuatan tarik dan perpanjangan putusnya. Hasil karakterisasi morfologi permukaan, menunjukkan adanya degradasi pada permukaan PLA yang menyebabkan penurunan sifat mekanik komposit tersebut.
Kajian Penggunaan Carbon Black N990 sebagai Bahan Pengisi Kompon Karet Alam: Sifat Dinamik, Kestabilan Termal, dan Ketahanan Panas Adi Cifriadi; Purwantiningsih Sugita; Tetty Kemala; Siti Nikmatin
Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrk.v14i1.560

Abstract

The manufacture of vibration damping material from natural rubber (NR) required an increase in dynamic properties, thermal stability, and resistance to heat. Using the Carbon Black N990 as a filler in NR vulcanizates can potentially increase on these properties. This research aims to study the effect of using Carbon Black N990 on dynamic properties, thermal stability, and aging resistance to heat in NR vulcanizates. The dynamic properties of NR vulcanizates were determined by Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA), while the thermal stability properties were studied by TGA, and heat resistance was determined by the thermal aging test. The RPA test results showed that adding 50 phr Carbon Black N990 in the NR compound could increase the value of the complex shear modulus to 65%. Furthermore, the results of the TGA test showed that the thermal stability properties of unfilled NR vulcanizates were better than that of NR vulcanizates containing Carbon Black N990. Unfilled NR vulcanizates were heat stable up to 353oC, while NR vulcanizates containing 15, 30, and 50 parts per hundred rubber (phr) Carbon Black N990, respectively, were heat stable up to 348.1oC, 348oC, and 349oC. Based on the requirements of ISO 4632-1, it showed that the NR compound containing Carbon Black N990 has good heat resistance properties. The NR compound formula contains 30 phr Carbon Black N990 showing good dynamic properties and heat resistance in accordance with EN 15129 requirements so that it has the potential to be used as a vibration damping material for earthquake-resistant structures.
Synthesis and Characterization of Corn Husk (Zea Mays L.) Cellulose Using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) Nor Pana Yupa; Henny Purwaningsih; Tetty Kemala
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 26, No 7 (2023): Volume 26 Issue 7 Year 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.26.7.268-275

Abstract

This research focuses on synthesizing cellulose from corn husks using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), which aims to produce cellulose from corn husks through liquefaction, delignification, and bleaching processes. The total time required is only 14 minutes, thus shortening the process time. This study used three power variations: 450 W, 600 W, and 800 W. The results showed that the optimum conditions occurred at 800 W power. Hence, the higher the power caused the high cellulose content obtained, which amounted to 75.23% and decreased the lignin value to 15.78%, along with the increase in microwave power. FTIR analysis also confirmed the cellulose results obtained and indicated that the lignin groups were weakened or lost. Furthermore, morphological analysis of cellulose fibers by SEM showed that the surface of cellulose fibers was rough, oval, and irregular due to cracks caused by erosion. Then, the result of cellulose crystallinity using XRD was 45.8%. Compared to conventional methods, microwave-assisted cellulose synthesis exhibits better and more promising potential. This is because microwave radiation can be used to improve process time efficiency and achieve higher yields. Moreover, the proposed method is easier, faster, and straightforward.
Isolation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF) from Dates by-Product via Citric Acid Hydrolysis Aisy, Laaili Azti Rohaadatul; Kemala, Tetty; Suryanegara, Lisman; Purwaningsih, Henny
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.818-827

Abstract

Industrial residues that are not optimally utilized are removed by burning, landfilling, or dumping, which can threaten the environment and health. In fact, part of this agro-industrial waste still has content that has the potential to become raw material for value-added other industries. Dates by-product as residue of the fiber-rich fruit industry have the potential to be a source of nanocellulose. This study aims to obtain nanofibril cellulose (CNF) isolates from dates by-product via citric acid hydrolysis, and investigate the effect of acid concentration on the unknown dates by-product CNF isolate characteristics. Pretreatment such as delignification and bleaching is needed to obtain cellulose isolate with high purity. Furthermore, acid hydrolysis, centrifugation, and sonication are performed to obtain CNF. CNF isolates are characterized by the analysis of particle size distribution, morphology, and crystallinity. Analysis of functional groups and lignocellulose content test confirm that lignin and hemicellulose are degraded during isolation. The particle size distribution measurement shows that the greater the acid concentration, the smaller the CNF size and the better the size uniformity. The morphology of the CNF obtained is net-like fibers. The degree of crystallinity shown decreases with increasing acid concentration. This study revealed that different citric acid concentrations can result in different characteristics of CNF isolates.
Pembuatan Visual Strip Sensor Ion Besi(II) dengan Bahan Pendukung Kertas yang Dilapisi Poliakrilamida Kemala, Tetty; Saprudin, Deden; Permana, Ifri Surya
Jurnal Kartika Kimia Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Kartika Kimia
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/jkk.v7i1.259

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat visual strip sensor untuk mengukur kadar besi. Sensor ini dibuat dari kertas selulosa asetat yang telah dilapisi oleh poliakrilamida dan disisipi pengompleks 1,10-fenantrolin. Pengujian visual strip sensor dilakukan pada berbagai konsentrasi besi(II) dengan membuat deret standar dan melihat kisaran konsentrasi besi(II) yang dapat terbedakan oleh mata. Sensor yang telah diuji kemudian diamati kestabilan warnanya selama 4 hari. Visual strip sensor mampu membedakan dengan kisaran 5 ppm dan sedikit terjadi peningkatan intensitas warna setelah diamati selama 4 hari. Pengukuran sampel obat penambah darah dengan 3 kali ulangan menghasilkan keterulangan yang baik. Dari hasil pengukuran visual strip sensor dibandingkan dengan spektrometri serapan atom diperoleh ketepatan 99,42%.
Application of PAN/α-Fe2O3-Bentonite as A Photocatalytic Membrane for The Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Sitompul, Dina Wardani; Kemala, Tetty; Darmawan, Noviyan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 1, May 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i1.28635

Abstract

The intricate molecular structure of the dyes in wastewater makes it difficult to biodegrade, which could harm the environment. Currently, semiconductor-based photocatalytic methods are being developed to remove dyes from water. In this study, the α-Fe2O3-bentonite photocatalyst was synthesized by mechanical milling and immobilized in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane by phase inversion. Analysis of the composition and surface morphology of the synthesized samples was carried out by FTIR, XRD, and EDX. The performance of the photocatalytic membrane was studied by investigating the removal of methylene blue (MB). Photocatalytic membrane with 2% α-Fe2O3-bentonite had the best performance in removing MB (10 ppm) that reached 99.84% at pH 11.5 with an irradiation time of 300 minutes under direct sunlight. The reuse cycle of the photocatalytic membrane was also carried out and the results showed that there is no significant change in the photodegradation efficiency after 3 cycles. Photocatalyst immobilization on PAN membranes is proven to overcome the post-recovery problem of photocatalysts and making easier to reuse. The photocatalyst membrane synthesized in this study can be used as an alternative for removing dyes from water.
Modified Natural Rubber Based on the Sulphur Curing System as Rubber Compound Formulation on Basic Design of Seismic Bearing Cifriadi, Adi; Sugita, Purwantiningsih; Kemala, Tetty; Nikmatin, Siti; Puspitasari, Santi; Falaah, Asron Ferdian; Wijaya, Usman
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 2, November 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i2.39963

Abstract

Indonesia is highly susceptible to earthquakes, with the southern and western coasts of Java and Sumatra being the most vulnerable regions. Due to this vulnerability, it is necessary to establish a culture of disaster mitigation in the most fertile and heavily populated islands to reduce the number of fatalities and economic losses caused by earthquakes. One of the promising real-world seismic base isolation methods is using a rubber seismic bearing constructed of rubber and metal layers. This study aimed to examine the typical behavior of natural rubber compounds subjected to various sulfur-curing processes as basic designs in the manufacture of rubber seismic bearings. The experiment was carried out by arranging the sulfur curing system into three categories, namely an efficient which applied N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfonamide (CBS)/Sulfur (S) ratio as 1.4/0.15 and 1.4/0.25, semi-efficient with CBS/S ratio of 1.4/1.4 and 1.4/1.7, and conventional with CBS/S ratio of 1.4/3.0 and 1.4/3.5. The results showed that the ideal modification condition for NR macromolecule chain found in seismic-bearing rubber compound was a semi-efficient sulfur curing system with a CBS/S ratio of 1.4/1.4. It suggested that a semi-efficient sulfur curing system was appropriate for developing rubber compound formulation for seismic rubber bearings, mainly for low-damping types.
Co-Authors Achmad Sjahriza Adi Cifriadi Adi Cifriadi, Adi Afra Najiyah Amatullah Agus Malik Ibrahim Ahmad Sjahriza Aisy, Laaili Azti Rohaadatul Albarkah, Anita Maharani Aloma Karo Karo Amatullah, Afra Najiyah Andi Nursanti Anjarsari Anjarsari Ardiati, Fenny Clara Armi Wulanawati Asron Ferdian Falaah, Asron Ferdian Bakar, N.H.H Abu Budi Arifin Charlena Dede Heri Yuli YANTO Deden Saprudin Defrizal, Muhammad Finaldin, Muhammad Alhas Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Harahap, Muslim Arfanshah Hendra Adijuwana Henny Purwaningsih Ibrahim, Agus Malik Iqbal, Anwar Irma Herawati Suparto Karim, Wouda Fiorendita Kiagus Dahlan Komar Sutriah M. Syaeful Fahmi Mardiana Hardianti Mohammad Khotib Nada, Nida Kotrun Naser, Inda Hastuti N Nina Hartati Nor Pana Yupa Noviyan Darmawan Nur Inayatullah Nurhayat, Oktan Dwi Obie Farobie Permana, Ifri Surya Pipih Suptijah Prakoso, Mochamad Galih Purwantiningsih Sugita Purwantiningsih Sugita Ravena Ravena Santi Puspitasari Siti Komariah Siti Nikmatin Sitompul, Dina Wardani Soebrata, Betty Marita Sudirman Sudirman Suminar S. Achmadi Suryanegara, Lisman Susi Nurdayat Tun Tedja Irawadi Tun Tedja Irawadi