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Simulasi Sisa Klor pada Jaringan Distribusi Wilayah Utara Perumda Air Minum Kota Padang Puti Sri Komala; Nadia Tripermata Dewi; Ashifa Adetya
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol 8, No 1 (2023): Januari 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32672/jse.v8i1.5604

AbstractResidual chlorine levels in water need to be maintained in the distribution network to prevent the presence of pathogens in drinking water that can be consumed by humans. According to Minister of Health Regulation No. 736/Menkes/PER/VI/2010 concerning Procedures for Monitoring the Quality of Drinking Water is in the range of 0.2 – 1.0 mg/l. This simulation was carried out to analyze the presence of residual free chlorine in the PDAM Padang, North Region distribution network sourced from the IPA Palukahan using EPANET software. Analysis of chlorine decay to determine the coefficient of bulk reaction and wall reaction was carried out at the Palukahan Reservoir outlet pipe for 6 hours using the DPD method. The dose of adding chlorine to the reservoir is 2.20 mg/l. The residual chlorine simulation results obtained a Global Bulk Reaction value of -0.105 and a Global Wall Coefficient value between -0.1 to -0.5 ranging from 0.12 mg/l – 2.20 mg/l. Low residual chlorine i.e., 1 mg/L, is located at a distance of 10-12 km from the reservoir, while high residual chlorine value, namely 1 mg/L, is located at 1-5 km from the reservoir. The results of this simulation show that chlorine levels in some distribution pipeline networks did not meet the drinking water regulation. The simulation results show that the dose and pipe spacing affect the remaining chlorine received by the customer.Keywords: disinfectant, distribution network, Padang City Water Supply Corporation (PDAM), remaining chlor, EPANET simulation

Penyisihan Senyawa Organik pada Air Limbah Tahu Menggunakan Proses Elektrokoagulasi Pasangan Elektroda Aluminium Ansiha Nur; Puti Sri Komala; Uttiya Annisa D
Dampak Vol 17, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.17.2.62-71.2020

This study aims to determine the efficiency of organic removal in the form of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrate (NO3), and TSS of tofu wastewater with electrocoagulation process of aluminum electrode pairs with the monopolar arrangement. A two liters batch reactor and aluminum electrode (aluminum content of 95.7%) were used. Variations in current density (21 - 104 A / m2) and contact time (2 - 60 minutes). The optimum conditions were obtained at a current density of 104 A / m2 in 10, 15, and 2 minutes for COD, NO3, and TSS, respectively. The optimum removal efficiency for COD, NO3, and TSS were 95%, 69.64%, and 99.99%, respectively at a current density of 104 A/m2. Increases in current density and contact time were directly correlated with improvements in COD, NO3, and TSS removal effectiveness. The pH of wastewater has increased to 8.5. While the temperature of wastewater only increased in the 2nd minute to 27Â°C. Meanwhile, conductivity in wastewater decreases with increasing contact time. The decrease in conductivity is inversely proportional to the efficiency of pollutant reduction. The effluent of the results of this study has met the quality standards of Minister of Environment Regulation No. 5 of 2014 Attachment XVIII concerning Wastewater Quality Standards for Soybean Processing Businesses and/or Activities.Keywords: COD, electrocoagulation, aluminum electrodes, tofu wastewater, monopolar.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menentukan efisiensi penyisihan senyawa organik berupa Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD),Nitrat (NO3), dan Total Suspended Solid (TSS) air limbah pabrik tahu dengan proses elektrokoagulasi pasangan elektroda aluminium dengan susunan monopolar. Penelitian menggunakan reaktor batch dua liter dan elektroda aluminium (kandungan aluminium sebesar 95,7%). Variasi yang dilakukan adalah variasi rapat arus ( 21 - 104 A/m2) dan waktu kontak (2 â€“ 60 menit). Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada kerapatan arus 104 A/m2 selama 10, 15, dan 2 menit untuk masing-masing COD, NO3, dan TSS. Efisiensi penyisihan optimum untuk COD, NO3 dan TSS masing-masing sebesar 95%, 69,64% dan 99,99 % pada rapat arus 104 A/m2. Peningkatan efisiensi penyisihan COD, NO3 dan TSS berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan rapat arus dan waktu kontak. pH air limbah mengalami peningkatan hingga 8,5. Temperatur air limbah hanya meningkat pada menit ke-2 menjadi 27Â°C. Sementara itu konduktivitas pada air limbah menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu kontak. Penurunan konduktivitas berbanding terbalik dengan efiisiensi penyisihan polutan. Efluen hasil penelitian ini telah memenuhi baku mutu Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No 5 Tahun 2014 Lampiran XVIII tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah Bagi Usaha dan/ atau Kegiatan Pengolahan Kedelai.

Penyisihan Nitrogen Melalui Proses Anammox dengan Inokulum Lumpur Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Pabrik Pupuk Iing Surya Marlis; Puti Sri Komala; Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 21, No 3 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.21.3.717-724

Pabrik pupuk merupakan salah satu industri yang menghasilkan air limbah dengan konsentrasi amonium tinggi yang jika dibuang langsung ke lingkungan akan membahayakan kehidupan di perairan. Sejauh ini pengolahan limbah pabrik masih menggunakan proses steam stripping dan wetland. Anammox merupakan bioteknologi untuk pengolahan air limbah dengan rasio karbon/nitrogen (C/N) yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyisihan nitrogen menggunakan lumpur dari instalasi pengolahan air limbah pabrik pupuk sebagai inokulum dalam proses anammox. Penelitian menggunakan reaktor yang terdiri dari housing filter dan string wound filter sebagai media lekat biomassa yang dinamakan Filter Bioreactor (FtBR). FtBR yang sudah diisi dengan inokulum dari lumpur limbah pabrik pupuk dialiri substrat secara kontinu dengan konsentrasi amonium dan nitrit 70 mg-N/L, HRT 24 jam dan dioperasikan selama 120 hari pada suhu 35oC. Efisiensi penyisihan nitrogen dihitung dengan menguji konsentrasi amonium, nitrit dan nitrat menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Kinerja penyisihan nitrogen dengan parameter ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE), nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) dan removal rate (NRR) adalah 88,01%, 85.85%, 0.141 kg-N/m3.h, pada nitrogen loading rate (NLR) 0.144 kg-N/m3.h. Biomassa anammox yang dihasilkan berwarna merah tumbuh pada filter sebagai indikator biomassa bakteri anammox.

Evaluasi District Metered Area (DMA) pada Zona Air Minum Prima PDAM Kota Padang Panjang Wahyu Tanaka; Puti Sri Komala; Denny Helard
Jurnal Teknik Pengairan: Journal of Water Resources Engineering Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pengairan.2022.013.01.07

Zona Air Minum Prima (ZAMP) Silaing Bawah Kota Padang Panjang memiliki 2 (dua) pipa jaringan distribusi yaitu DMA 01 dan DMA 02. Untuk menentukan performa DMA maka dilakukan analisis Non Revenue Water (NRW), Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) dan Uji Kinerja Hidrolis dengan Epanet. Pada penelitian ini, didapatkan hasil analisis NRW untuk DMA 01 dan DMA 02 sebesar 46,51% dan 54,42 % masing-masing, dimana hasilnya masih diatas PerMen PU No 20/PRT/M/2006 yang dipersyaratkan yaitu 20%. Sedangkan nilai ILI untuk DMA 01 dan DMA 02 adalah sama yaitu ILI > 16, kategori D (buruk). Untuk hasil analisis Epanet, dipantau sebanyak 41 pipa pada DMA 01 dan 21 pipa pada DMA 02 menunjukkan hasil nilai tekanan serta residu chlorine pada aliran DMA 01 dan DMA 02 semua titik memenuhi standar yaitu P > 0,5 bar dan residu chlorine > 0,22 dan 0,23 mg/l masing-masing. Ditinjau dari nilai velocity, pada DMA 01 (9 pipa) dan DMA 02 (8 pipa) dibawah standar yaitu < 0,3 m/s. Untuk nilai head loss sendiri pada DMA 01 (13 pipa) dan DMA 02 (5 pipa) juga melebihi standar yaitu > 10m/km.

Simulasi Sisa Klor pada Jaringan Distribusi Wilayah Utara Perumda Air Minum Kota Padang Puti Sri Komala; Nadia Tripermata Dewi; Ashifa Adetya
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol 8, No 1 (2023): Januari 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32672/jse.v8i1.5604

AbstractResidual chlorine levels in water need to be maintained in the distribution network to prevent the presence of pathogens in drinking water that can be consumed by humans. According to Minister of Health Regulation No. 736/Menkes/PER/VI/2010 concerning Procedures for Monitoring the Quality of Drinking Water is in the range of 0.2 – 1.0 mg/l. This simulation was carried out to analyze the presence of residual free chlorine in the PDAM Padang, North Region distribution network sourced from the IPA Palukahan using EPANET software. Analysis of chlorine decay to determine the coefficient of bulk reaction and wall reaction was carried out at the Palukahan Reservoir outlet pipe for 6 hours using the DPD method. The dose of adding chlorine to the reservoir is 2.20 mg/l. The residual chlorine simulation results obtained a Global Bulk Reaction value of -0.105 and a Global Wall Coefficient value between -0.1 to -0.5 ranging from 0.12 mg/l – 2.20 mg/l. Low residual chlorine i.e., 1 mg/L, is located at a distance of 10-12 km from the reservoir, while high residual chlorine value, namely 1 mg/L, is located at 1-5 km from the reservoir. The results of this simulation show that chlorine levels in some distribution pipeline networks did not meet the drinking water regulation. The simulation results show that the dose and pipe spacing affect the remaining chlorine received by the customer.Keywords: disinfectant, distribution network, Padang City Water Supply Corporation (PDAM), remaining chlor, EPANET simulation

Characterization of Fecal Sludge Combined with Sawdust as Briquettes Suci Wulandari; Puti Sri Komala; Slamet Raharjo
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 21, No 2 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/presipitasi.v21i2.324-338

This study aimed to characterize fecal sludge (FS) combined with sawdust (SD) as non-charcoal briquettes. The combination consists of var.1 (FS 75% : SD 25%), var.2 (FS 50% : SD 50%), and var.3 (FS 25% : SD 75%). Fecal sludge was obtained from the sludge drying bed of a fecal sludge treatment plant (FSTP) in Malang City, and sawdust was obtained from the furniture workshop. Labor scale briquettes were produced, measured and analyzed the calorific value (ASTM D 5865-01), proximate analysis (SNI 06-3730-1995 and SNI 01-6235-2000), sulfur (ASTM D3177), and density (SNI 8021-2020). The characteristic results the moisture content 3.26%-7.57%, volatile matter 48.68%-68.97%, ash content 12.02%-32.97%, fixed carbon 11.44%–26.62%, calorific value 4,237.78–5.158.64 cal/g, sulfur 0.23%–0.41%, and density 0.50-0.68 (g/cm3). Compared with pure fecal sludge briquettes, the addition of sawdust increased the calorific value of fecal sludge briquettes by up to 32% and decreased ash content by up to 40%. All variations met the standard of SNI 8021:2020, except for the density for var.2 and var 3. Based on MCA, the best variation is var.2 with a score of 45 and requires modification for density to meet the standard of SNI 8021:2020.

Penyisihan Nitrat Menggunakan Kolom dengan Media Biochar dan Busa Poliuretan Edwin, Tivany; Mera, Mas; Komala, Puti Sri; Zulkarnaini, Zulkarnaini; Nabila, Alya Sausan
Dampak Vol 21, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.2.1-6.2024

This study examined the removal of nitrate from wastewater using column adsorption method with variations in the ratio of biochar and polyurethane foam, as well as variations in flow rate. The results showed that the highest adsorption capacity was obtained at a flow rate of 30 mL/min compared to other flow rate variations. At that flow rate, the nitrate sorption capacity reached 4.10 mg/g with biochar, 0.20 mg/g using biochar : polyurethane foam (1 : 1) media, and 13.12 mg/g using biochar : polyurethane foam (2 : 1) media. The biochar : polyurethane foam (2 : 1) media showed the highest nitrate adsorption capacity, which was caused by an increase in the contact time of the flow in the media due to more polyurethane foam volume. This study concludes that sufficient contact time between the contaminant and the adsorption media in the column is a key factor for nitrate removal optimization in addition to the adsorbent material used.Keywords: Adsorption, Biochar, Polyurethane foam, Nitrate ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji penyisihan nitrat dari limbah cair menggunakan metode adsorpsi kolom dengan variasi rasio biochar dan busa poliuretan, serta variasi laju alir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi diperoleh pada laju alir 30 mL/menit dibandingkan variasi laju alir lainnya. Pada laju alir tersebut, kapasitas sadorpsi nitrat mencapai 4,10 mg/g dengan biochar, 0,20 mg/g menggunakan media biochar : busa poliuretan (1 : 1), dan 13,12 mg/g menggunakan media biochar : busa poliuretan (2 : 1). Media biochar : busa poliuretan (2 : 1) menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi nitrat paling tinggi, yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan waktu kontak aliran dalam media akibat kandungan busa poliuretan yang lebih banyak. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa waktu kontak yang cukup antara kontaminan dan media adsorpsi dalam kolom merupakan faktor kunci untuk optimasi penyisihan nitrat selain material adsorben yang dipakai.Kata kunci: Adsorpsi, Biochar, Busa poliuretan, Nitrat

Evaluasi Kinerja Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPA) Universitas Andalas Komala, Puti Sri; Nur, Ansiha; Fitria, Irna Rosa
Dampak Vol 21, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.2.7-17.2024

Universitas Andalas Water Treatment Plant (WTP Unand) is a water treatment plant that serves the drinking water needs of Universitas Andalas with a 90 L/second capacity. WTP Unand has been operating for decades so it is necessary to evaluate the performance and operation of the drinking water treatment system to ensure the quantity and quality of the treated water. This study aims to measure the performance of the Unand WTP unit, analyze the quality of production water produced based on Permenkes No.2/2023 standards for drinking water quality parameters, and analyze the design of the Unand WTP at development discharge. The future flow rate is determined based on the Master Plan of Universitas Andalas in 2030. Based on the analysis of current water demand (year 2023), the flow rate distributed is insufficient. Of the existing water treatment units in WTP Unand, only the Slow Sand Filter (SSF) unit meets the design criteria of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 3981: 2008, while the WTP package unit and the Rapid Sand Filter (SPC) unit do not meet the design criteria according to SNI 6774: 2008 at existing and future flow rates. The water quality analysis of WTP Unand found that Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), turbidity, and Total Coliform parameters did not meet the quality standards. The omission of coagulation and disinfection is one of the reasons why some water quality parameters are not compliant. Evaluation of the design criteria of the WTP unit at an increased discharge of 32 L/sec was not fulfilled, so further resizing and redesign of the treatment unit were required.Keywords: Drinking Water Quality, Evaluation, Performance, Water Treatment Plant (WTP) ABSTRAKInstalasi Pengolahan Air Universitas Andalas (IPA Unand) merupakan instalasi pengolahan air yang melayani kebutuhan air bersih Universitas Andalas dengan kapasitas 90 L/detik. IPA Unand sudah beroperasi beberapa dekade sehingga perlu dilakukannya evaluasi kinerja serta operasional sistem pengolahan air minum untuk menjamin kuantitas dan kualitas air yang diolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kinerja unit IPA Unand, analisis kualitas air produksi yang dihasilkan berdasarkan standar Permenkes No.2/2023 untuk parameter kualitas air minum dan analisis desain IPA Unand pada debit pengembangan. Debit pengembangan ditentukan berdasarkan Master Plan Universitas Andalas di tahun 2030. Berdasarkan analisis kebutuhan air Universitas Andalas eksisting, debit aliran air yang didistribusikan masih tidak mencukupi kebutuhan. Dari unit-unit pengolahan air yang ada di IPA Unand, hanya unit Saringan Pasir Lambat (SPL) yang memenuhi kriteria desain SNI 3981:2008, sementara pada unit paket IPA dan pada unit Saringan Pasir Cepat (SPC) tidak memenuhi kriteria disain menurut SNI 6774:2008 pada debit eksisting maupun pengembangan. Hasil analisis kualitas air pengolahan IPA Unand ditemukan parameter Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), kekeruhan, dan Total Coliform tidak memenuhi baku mutu. Tidak dilakukannya koagulasi dan desinfeksi merupakan salah satu alasan mengapa beberapa parameter kualitas air tidak memenuhi syarat. Evaluasi kriteria desain unit IPA pada peningkatan debit sebesar 32 L/detik tidak terpenuhi, sehingga diperlukan perubahan dimensi dan desain ulang unit pengolahan lebih lanjut.Kata kunci: Evaluasi, Kinerja, Kualitas Air Minum, Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA)

Characterization of Wastewater in The University Campus: A Case Study in Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Ruslinda, Yenni; Nur, Ansiha; Komala, Puti Sri; Leni, Leni; Regia, Rinda Andhita; Mardatillah, Regina
Dampak Vol 21, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.2.18-26.2024

This study aims to analyze wastewater characteristics at Universitas Andalas Campus Limau Manis Padang encompassing physical, chemical, and biological attributes, while comparing them to established quality standards and estimating mass loading. Wastewater samples were collected from various sources, including domestic and specific wastewater. Sampling locations and times were chosen based on peak activity. Physical analysis revealed temperature ranging from 27.32 to 31.5°C and TSS concentrations from 130.00 to 580.00 mg/L. Chemical parameters displayed significant variation, with pH values between 2.27 and 9.70, BOD5 concentrations spanning 108.46 to 506.59 mg/L, COD levels from 162.70 to 1,428.00 mg/L, and oil and grease content from 0.20 to 84.31 mg/L. N-total ranged from 47.07 to 309.16 mg/L, sulfate from 72.70 to 1,480.00 mg/L, and phosphate from 1.14 to 98.15 mg/L. Biological attributes showed total coliform counts exceeding 10,000 colonies per 1,000 mL, all surpassing quality standards. Notably, the BOD5/COD ratio indicated low biodegradable quality (values <0.5) for certain wastewater sources. Greywater emerged as the primary pollutant, with substantial mass loadings. Eventually, this study underscores the vital need for wastewater treatment before environmental discharge.Keywords: Characteristics, Domestic Wastewater, Campus, Quality Standards, Hazardous Wastewate

Penyisihan Nitrat Menggunakan Kolom dengan Media Biochar dan Busa Poliuretan Edwin, Tivany; Mera, Mas; Komala, Puti Sri; Zulkarnaini, Zulkarnaini; Nabila, Alya Sausan
Dampak Vol. 21 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.2.1-6.2024

This study examined the removal of nitrate from wastewater using column adsorption method with variations in the ratio of biochar and polyurethane foam, as well as variations in flow rate. The results showed that the highest adsorption capacity was obtained at a flow rate of 30 mL/min compared to other flow rate variations. At that flow rate, the nitrate sorption capacity reached 4.10 mg/g with biochar, 0.20 mg/g using biochar : polyurethane foam (1 : 1) media, and 13.12 mg/g using biochar : polyurethane foam (2 : 1) media. The biochar : polyurethane foam (2 : 1) media showed the highest nitrate adsorption capacity, which was caused by an increase in the contact time of the flow in the media due to more polyurethane foam volume. This study concludes that sufficient contact time between the contaminant and the adsorption media in the column is a key factor for nitrate removal optimization in addition to the adsorbent material used.Keywords:Â Adsorption, Biochar, Polyurethane foam, NitrateÂ ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji penyisihan nitrat dari limbah cair menggunakan metode adsorpsi kolom dengan variasi rasio biochar dan busa poliuretan, serta variasi laju alir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi diperoleh pada laju alir 30 mL/menit dibandingkan variasi laju alir lainnya. Pada laju alir tersebut, kapasitas sadorpsi nitrat mencapai 4,10 mg/g dengan biochar, 0,20 mg/g menggunakan media biochar : busa poliuretan (1 : 1), dan 13,12 mg/g menggunakan media biochar : busa poliuretan (2 : 1). Media biochar : busa poliuretan (2 : 1) menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi nitrat paling tinggi, yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan waktu kontak aliran dalam media akibat kandungan busa poliuretan yang lebih banyak. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa waktu kontak yang cukup antara kontaminan dan media adsorpsi dalam kolom merupakan faktor kunci untuk optimasi penyisihan nitrat selain material adsorben yang dipakai.Kata kunci:Â Adsorpsi, Biochar, Busa poliuretan, Nitrat

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