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Journal : Babali Nursing Research

Personal Hygiene Skills are Not Related to Infections in School-Age Children Maria Anita Yusiana; Sandy Kurniajati; Erva Elli Kristanti; Dyah Ayu Kartika Wulan Sari
Babali Nursing Research Vol 3 No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (246.306 KB) | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2022.3280

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of infection in school-age children can be caused by the negligence of children in carrying out personal hygiene, namely washing hands and due to contact with individuals who have been infected with pathogens. Infectious diseases that often suffer are upper respiratory infection, diarrhea, and intestinal worms with symptoms of fever. Preventive efforts that can be done by children are personal hygiene (washing hands). Prevention of infection in children is done by teaching school-age children to wash their hands properly. The objective of this study was to analyze personal hygiene skills (hand washing) with the incidence of infection in children. Methods: The method in this study was a pre-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. The samples were 20 respondents of school-age children. Differences in pretest-posttest personal hygiene skills (hand washing). Results: The results are based on data collected from 20 subjects, the results of the pretest-posttest personal hygiene skills (hand washing) in the Wilcoxon test, there was a significant difference, namely (p = 0.541). Conclusion: There was no correlation between personal hygiene (hand washing) and the incidence of infection.
The Relationship Between Self-Criticism and Hemoglobin A1c Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Kristanti, Erva Elli; Sari, Dyah Ayu Kartika Wulan
Babali Nursing Research Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Babali Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37363/bnr.2025.64518

Abstract

Background: Until now, Type 2 DM is still one of the metabolic diseases with a prevalence that continues to increase globally, including Indonesia. The problem that arises is that psychosocial factors, including distress due to diabetes, self-compassion, and self-criticism, have been identified as factors that can affect glucose regulation and quality of life of Type 2 DM patients. The Purpose of this Study is to Identify the Relationship Between Self-Criticism and Hemoglobin A1c Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Methods: This study employed a correlational design to examine the relationship between self-criticism with the glucose index in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Pesantren I Primary Health Center, Kediri City. The Self-criticism was assessed using the Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS), and Hemoglobin A1c levels were examined using a Portable Analyzer.  The collected data were analyzed using the regression test (α < 0.05)Bottom of Form. Results: The study showed that the self-criticism of Type 2 DM sufferers was mostly high (66%), with the results of the Hemoglobin A1c Levels being mostly abnormal (67%). There is no relationship between Self-Criticism and Hemoglobin A1c Levels of Type 2 DM sufferers (p = 0.96). Conclusion: Self-criticism does not directly affect the hemoglobin A1c levels. The findings emphasize that Hemoglobin A1c Levels in patients with diabetes mellitus are predominantly influenced by biological factors (such as dietary adherence, physical activity, pharmacological therapy, and metabolic conditions), rather than by a single psychological factor such as self-compassion.