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All Journal MANAJEMEN HUTAN TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Forest Management KOMUNITAS: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE Forest and Society Interdisciplinary Social Studies Jurnal Wana Tropika Jurnal Wana Tropika
Ahmad Maryudi
Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Public Health Social Sciences

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Poor science meets political neglect: Land use changes of high conservation value forests in Indonesia Nurprabowo, Arnanto; Awang, San Afri; Hardwinarto, Sigit; Dharmawan, Budi; Daulay, Muhammad Haidar; Maryudi, Ahmad
Forest and Society Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v5i2.13451

Abstract

Forest land allocation and use in Indonesia have been politically contested and characterized by poor data and competing interests of different institutions. This study analyzes the process of integrating scientific findings in policymaking about land use and changes. The focus is on the processes related to the changes of Highly Important Forest Zones with Strategic Values (Dampak Penting Cakupan Luas dan bernilai Strategis/DPCLS). DPCLS forests are unique as any changes require approval from the parliament to complement the processes at the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and must be based on rigorous scientific evaluation. This study uses the case of Riau Islands (Kepri) Province, previously part of Riau Province, which to date is one of only two Indonesian provinces yet to accept the forest zonings of the Ministry. The province’s strategic positions as exclusive economic and free trade zones make it further interesting in terms of land allocation as land becomes increasingly valuable for other uses. This paper specifically asks how the scientific investigation on the potential land use changes were conducted, how reliable the discoveries are, and how they were utilized in multiple steps at different institutions from the proposal evaluations to the approval stages. Our research indicates that scientific findings have rarely been integrated in policy making regarding DPCLS forests in Kepri Province. In addition, the scientific findings are weak; the institution producing them is heavily dominated by government officials and paid consultants/ experts. The scientific body was only established to fulfill the formal processes required by the regulatory frameworks. Proposals and decisions on the changes of DPCLS forests in Kepri Province are more characterized by political considerations. The “scientific findings” of the current land use in Kepri Province is used as a political commodity (or commodities) to support the interests of actors.
Nongovernmental organizations as interest groups and their roles in policy processes: Insights from Indonesian forest and environmental governance Laraswati, Dwi; Krott, Max; Soraya, Emma; Rahayu, Sari; Fisher, Micah R.; Giessen, Lukas; Maryudi, Ahmad
Forest and Society Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v6i2.19125

Abstract

The traditional conceptions and claims of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have profiled NGOs as civil society representatives and as benevolent philanthropic actors of development in the Global South. However, recent phenomena indicate NGOs often acting in opposition to their benevolent claims. This study attempts to move away from the normative concepts of NGOs and develop an analytical framework fitted with the current empirics in environmental governance. Using theories of organized interest groups in a democratic political system, we analyze the extent of NGOs fulfilling their roles as organized interest groups (OIGs), where they should take roles representing the interests of particular groups within societies and exerting political influence on governments on the basis of these common interests. We use empirics from Indonesian forest and environment-related governance, and our framework is called “Representation–Influence Framework,” which assists in establishing more systematic coherent typologies of OIGs. Analyzed from the perspective that NGOs claim to serve as representatives of specific groups within societies, we establish three overarching categories of OIGs, that is, 1) en route to fulfilling the claim, 2) breaking the claim, and 3) opposing the claim. We further detail our framework into a subset of nine OIG typologies. In this way, we provide pathways to begin deconstructing the common simplifications and misunderstandings about NGOs. For empirics, we identified 38 OIGs in the cases of social forestry and timber legality policies and populated them according to the typologies. We found that most of them are en route to fulfilling the claim of representing the groups’ interests, although their political influence on the government is, in most cases, limited.
Scholarly Interest in Forest Fires in Indonesia: A Bibliographical Review Wulandari, Eka; Mardiatno, Djati; Susilastuti, Dewi Haryani; Maryudi, Ahmad
Forest and Society Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v6i2.21473

Abstract

Forest fires in Indonesia have attracted much attention among researchers over the past few decades. This paper aims to systematically map the existing corpus of scientific knowledge on forest fires in Indonesia. The systematic maps visualize which areas of significant activity and indicate specific interests and motives. The systematic analysis is also helpful in improving the understanding of current issues, problems, and challenges. From the scientific database of Scopus, we found 209 peer-reviewed journal articles directly related to forest fires in Indonesia published between 1989 and 2021 (July). In general, the number of publications rose after major fire events, notably in 1997/1998. The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related big fires seem to be the primary driver of more scientific inquiries. The present review shows that although fires occurred throughout the year, they mainly occurred in the dry season, indicating the crucial role of weather even though it is not the direct cause of fire ignition. Our research shows that all types of forest functions in Indonesia have experienced fires, but approximately half of the studied fires occurred in conservation areas. More specifically, previous studies have been more dedicated to secondary forests. The studies generally pointed out that secondary forests are more prone to fires. More than a half of the existing scientific work was looking at human-induced fires, although natural hazards drove that came close. Regarding human-induced drivers, most research was dedicated to the links between fires and the use of fires in land preparation for both small-scale agricultural activities and commercial plantations. The impacts of forest fires have been the most studied topic among scholars on fires in Indonesia. More specifically, the existing research was focused on the ecological/ environmental effects dominated by studies on the impacts of air quality and biodiversity. Interestingly, the existing research rarely addressed other issues, such as local livelihoods and how they adapt to environmental changes.
New land governance models and management scenarios: Fitting Forest Management Units (FMUs) for forested landscapes outside forest zones in Indonesia Daulay, Muhammad Haidar; Susanti, Fitria Dewi; Laraswati, Dwi; Arthalina, Erliza C.; Maryudi, Ahmad
Forest and Society Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): APRIL
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v7i1.23962

Abstract

Many parts of non-forest zones (Areal untuk Penggunaaan Lain/APL) in Indonesia are forested but are however under intense pressure from unsustainable practices and conversion. To help preserve forested APL zones, the Ministry of Environment of Forestry is envisioning the integration of forested APL areas into the operational activities of the Forest Management Units/ FMUs (Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan/KPH), a management arm of the forest administration. Under the current governance arrangements, FMUs are not tasked to manage the areas. In this paper, we developed new governance arrangements and management scenarios that permit management of forested APL by FMUs based on iterative processes and intensive consultation with related stakeholders. We developed three plausible broad scenarios: 1) the handing over forested APLs to FMUs, 2) co-management, and 3) FMUs to provide technical assistance for preserving forested APLs. We further detailed the three scenarios into five different models. Our scenarios of institutional arrangements and management models are by no means prescriptive and readily operationalized on the ground. Instead, the processes by which the scenarios and models were developed can be adopted when the FMUs intend to develop more detailed scenarios that reflect specific situations and conditions.
Conservation Policy, Indigeneity, and Changing Traditional Hunting Practices in West Papua Fatem, Sepus M.; Runtuboi, Yubelince Y.; Fisher, Micah R.; Sufi, Yafed; Maryudi, Ahmad; Sirimorok, Nurhady
Forest and Society Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v7i2.27420

Abstract

Regional governments are increasingly developing conservation policy initiatives that are framed alongside the empowerment of Indigenous Peoples. This paper examines the case of Tambrauw, West Papua, that set out to establish one of the first ever Conservation Regencies in Indonesia. To understand the implications of conservation policy developments, we explored from an environmental justice perspective the ways that one of the most important forest-based activities of local communities – hunting – has changed in recent years. Data was collected using qualitative methods of participatory observation and interviews between 2015-2018 across three Tambrauw districts. The study shows how policy changes are increasing clashes between local hunters and conservation officials. This has implications for broader issues of conservation policy and local livelihoods, and sheds light on the more recent trend of foregrounding Indigenous identity in forest management. Although on the face of it the emergence of conservation regencies represents a trend in downscaling authority to empower local communities, findings shows that place-based and more locally responsive policies need to be established to address emerging conflicts that can also meet broader conservation outcomes.
Emergent Institutional Issues from New Tenure Reforms and Social-Forestry Initiatives in Indonesia: Notes from The Field Kusuma, Aprisep Ferdhana; Sahide, Muhammad Alif K.; Purwanto, Ris Hadi; Ismariana, Ema; Santoso, Widodo Budi; Wulandari , Eka; Maryudi, Ahmad
Forest and Society Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v7i2.28319

Abstract

In Indonesia, land tenure reform has been approached as a policy priority by the government to address rural poverty and achieve distributive economic equity. It is instituted around allocation and consolidation of land ownership and access. Tenure reform policy promises over 21.7 million hectares (including 16.8 million hectares of forestland) to be distributed through two modes, i.e., land subject to agrarian reform and social forestry. Specifically for Java, the country’s most populated island, the government has recently allocated 1.1 million hectares of state forests to be entrusted to local communities in a scheme called Kawasan Hutan Dengan Pengelolaan Khusus/KHDPK (Forest Zones for Special Management Purposes). Approximately three-quarters of the KHDPK-reserved forestland is pledged for SF licensing/permits to be completed by 2024. Currently, there is heightened activity to hand over social forestry permits. However, the KHDPK-designated forest is not an unoccupied resource that can simply be transferred/granted to local communities. From only four sites, we discovered that the forests have been guided by contrasting (often conflicting) principles, norms, and values that have shaped the existing tenure arrangements, how it is used and managed, and by whom. Such issues must be navigated prior to introducing the new policy and implementation regime. We conclude that while the policy rationales look perfect as a framework, KHDPK implementation exhibits impediments and potential failures. There is risk of altering it into a mere industry of policy rhetoric, sustaining major flaws from design to execution.
Revealing the Multilevel Actors Power Network in Mangrove Forest Governance - Insights from the Sundarbans, Bangladesh Khan, Md Faisal Abedin Khan; Rahman, Md Saifur; Maryudi, Ahmad; Schusser, Carsten; Giessen, Lukas
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i2.32924

Abstract

Having diversified ecological and socio-economic function of the Sundarbans Mangrove Forests (SMF), its governance significantly relies on the power relations among multidisciplinary actors present at the multiple level of jurisdictions from national to local level. The analysis elicits the identification of actors and the extraction of their interrelationships based on different power resources, which frame power interaction of the multilevel mangrove governance for the SMF of Bangladesh. Actors were identified by snowball approach and then qualitative interviews to them were carried out. A web-based mapping tool was used for extracting social network analysis of multilevel power relations for the Sundarbans’ governance. The revealed power network indicated that the national level state actors (e.g., actors from government and administration category) were driving all sorts of power sources; coercion, dominant information and (dis-)incentives over the actors at local level emphasizing cross-cutting policy issues and multifunction of the mangroves. The local level non-state actors’ (mostly NGOs) proactive and participatory approaches delineated as bridging role in mangrove governance between national level state actors and local level user actors based on coercive, (dis-)incentives and dominant information power elements. The actors at the local level user category didn’t show any substantial effects on policy decisions. To analyse the effects of policy implementation and growing competitiveness on the ground, in regard of subsidies amongst the different actor groups further research is needed.
Corruption in Social Forestry in Indonesia Ismariana, Ema; Kusuma, Aprisep Ferdhana; Permadi, Dwiko Budi; Kartodihardjo, Hariadi; Santoso, Widodo Budi; Maryudi, Ahmad
Forest and Society Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v8i2.34782

Abstract

Social forestry is envisioned as a governance reform to empower rural communities to improve both the forest condition and their quality of life. In Indonesia, however, its implementation has been plagued by a number of governance-related issues including corrupt practices among various actors. Drawing on programs implemented in Java, we delve into the types and mechanisms by which corruption has occurred (or occurs) in various social forestry activities. Tracking experience across several phases of social forestry, the corrupt practices were initially performed among the field foresters and the higher hierarchies. These corrupt practices were later imitated by other actors, who increasingly considered them as normal and acceptable practices. In contemporary social forestry programs, corruption is conducted by diverse stakeholders, including smallholder farmers, public officials and other authorities among the bureaucracy, as well as non-government organizations. Corruption has significant bearing on policy initiatives and programmatic outcomes, as it inhibits the implementation of formal rules and norms of social forestry. Our historical tracing provides better insights into why corruption is not only a social forestry-related challenge but also a part of a larger societal problem as it has been normalized and deepened over decades.
DEGRADASI DAN SISTEM PENGELOLAAN LAHAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI TULIS Kusbiantoro, Ari; Awang, San Afri; Maryudi, Ahmad; Gunawan, Totok
Jurnal Wana Tropika Vol 5 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Institut Pertanian STIPER Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

As a natural component, land is considered to be very essential factor of watershed system, as well as plant and human life. In fact, improper land using leads to land degradation that causes negative effect to watershed ecosystem. Therefore, the right land management system is needed. The objective of the research is to study land degradation carried by social activities in Tulis Watershed. The parameters under study were social-economic, land management, and biophysical in Tulis Watershed. The parameters were obtained by using observation and document study. Theoretic analysis was done to know relation between social activity in land using and land degradation of Tulis Watershed. Social theories were used as basic theory in structure and society’s behavior concept in land management. Meanwhile, land degradation theories were applied as basic theory in analyzing land-use system. Land use system of Potatoes monoculture plantation system used by most people in Tulis Watershed increased land degradation. Therefore, proper land management and social norms obedience were expected be able to decrease land degradation, so they benefited the societies living in social, economy, and environment. In other words, land management system had to assure sustainable watershed ecosystem and increase society’s welfare in Tulis Watershed. Key words: Watershed, degradation, social activity, land management, potatoes
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN DAS MIKRO Indrawati, Dewi R.; Awang, San Afri; Faida, Lies Rahayu W.; Maryudi, Ahmad
Jurnal Wana Tropika Vol 5 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Institut Pertanian STIPER Yogyakarta

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Abstract

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Co-Authors Achmad Djunaedi Agus Heruanto Hadna, Agus Heruanto Ari Kusbiantoro, Ari Arthalina, Erliza C. B. Permadi, Dwiko Baehaqi Budi Dharmawan Darwin, Muhadjir M. Daulay, Muhammad Haidar Dewi Haryani Susilastuti, Dewi Haryani Dewi R. Indrawati, Dewi R. Djati Mardiatno Dwiko Budi Permadi Emma Soraya, Emma Faida, Lies Rahayu W. Fisher, Micah R. I Made Suartika Ismariana, Ema Kartodihardjo, Hariadi Khan, Md Faisal Abedin Khan Krott, Max Kusuma, Aprisep Ferdhana Laraswati, Dwi Lies Rahayu Wijayanti Faida Lukas Giessen, Lukas Meilani, Mei Micah Fisher, Micah Myers, Rodd Nurprabowo, Arnanto Ragandhi, Arsad Rahayu, Sari Rahman, Md Saifur Ris Hadi Purwanto Sahide, Muhammad Alif Kaimuddin San Afri Awang Santoso, Widodo Budi Schusser, Carsten Sepus M. Fatem Setiadi Setiadi Sigit Hardwinarto, Sigit Sirimorok, Nurhady Sufi, Yafed Susanti, Fitria Dewi Tatag Muttaqin Totok Gunawan Wahyu Andayani Wulandari , Eka Yubelince Runtuboi