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All Journal Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia JUTEKS Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri JuTEkS (Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Sains) Jurnal Agricultural Biosystem Engineering Rona Teknik Pertanian Jurnal Agripet
Desrial
Departemen Teknik Mesin Dan Biosistem Institut Pertanian Bogor Jl. Lingkar Akademik, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics

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Karakteristik Fisik dan Mekanik Kemiri (Aleurites moluccana Wild.) Robert Sinaga; Desrial -; Dyah Wulandani
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1048.402 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.04.1.%p

Abstract

AbstractIt is very important to know the characteristics of candle nut before designing nut-deshelling machine. This study was conducted to investigate physical and mechanical characteristics of candle nut before analyzing the impact force on the de-shelling process. The result showed that average diameter of candle nut at intercept A (length), B (width) and C (thickness) were 32.55 mm, 29.05 mm and 23.23 mm respectively. The average value of sphericity and roundness of candle nut were 0.86 and 0.65 respectively. At high moisturecontent candle nut had a greater value of compressive strength and resulted a sticky kernel in the shell. Candle nut had 4.96% db moisture content after dried at sun drying for 20 hours. The value of compressive strength from the maximum load during a compression test (rupture force) of candle nut at this moisture content were 1,208 N, 1,198 N and 1,950 N for intercept A, B and C respectively.AbstrakSangat penting untuk mengetahui karakteristik kemiri sebelum mendesain mesin pemecah biji kemiri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan mekanik biji sebelum menganalisis gaya tumbukan pada proses pemecahan biji kemiri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata diameter biji kemiri pada intersep A (panjang), B (lebar) dan C (tebal) adalah 32.55 mm, 29.05 mm dan 23.23 mm. Nilai rata-rata kebulatan dan kebundaran biji kemiri adalah 0.86 dan 0.65. Pada tingkat kadar air yang tinggi, kemiri memiliki nilai kekuatan tekan yang lebih besar dan akan menghasilkan inti lengket pada tempurung bagian dalam. Kadar air kemiri mencapai 4.96% bk setelah dijemur di bawah sinar matahariselama 20 jam. Nilai kekuatan maksimum pada saat pemberian uji tekan (rupture force) pada tingkat kadar air tersebut pada intersep A adalah adalah 1,208 N, intersep B 1,198 N dan intersep C 1,950 N.
Pertimbangan Sifat Mekanik Pelepah Sawit Terhadap Proses Pengomposan Sebagai Acuan Desain Mesin Pencacah Ramayanty Bulan; Tineke Mandang; Wawan Hermawan; Desrial -
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2134.065 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.04.2.%p

Abstract

AbstractPhysical and mechanical properties of palm frond are very important factor for the development of palm oil waste utilization technology. The objective of this research was to determine mechanical properties of palm frond Frond for Chopper Machine Designing. The research of composting conduct with two composting factor combination, namely: composting starter composition (i.e. Bokashi, vermi-compost and natural composting) and piece of frond dimension (2 cm, 4 cm, and 6 cm). Sample was obtained from 5 years and 20 years palm oil trees. The average length of palm frond was 675.89 cm, average leaflet length at the palm frond base was 103.89 cm and average leaflet length at palm frond tip was 23.83 cm. Maximum compression strength at the 20 years-palm frond base was 8134.62 N and at the 5 years-palm midrib base was 4893.52 N. Maximum force requirement for cutting palm leaf was 67.67 N. The composting processindicates that Bokashi starter composition gives higher percentage of mass reduction on all variant of piece of frond dimension. Smaller piece of frond (2 cm) enable the composting process quicker and had a better result. Statistical analysis reveals that combination of composting factors have significant effect on C/N ratio but insignificant on NPK content.AbstrakKarakteristik fisik dan mekanik pelepah sawit merupakan faktor penting dalam pengembangan teknologi penanganan limbah pelepah sawit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan karakteristik fisik dan mekanik dari pelepah sawit untuk mendesain mesin pencacah daun sawit. Kombinasi metode pengomposan (bokashi, vermikompos, natural kompos) dan ukuran cacahan daun sawit (2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm) juga diteliti. Sampel pelepah sawit diperoleh dari pohon yang berumur 5 tahun dan 20 tahun. Panjang pelepah sawit adalah 675.89 cm, panjang daun rata-rata pada pangkal adalah 103.89 cm dan panjang daun rata-rata pada ujung pelepah adalah 23.83 cm. Kekuatan tekan maksimum pelepah pada bagian pangkal pelepah yang berumur 20 tahun yaitu 8134.62 N dan pada pelepah yang berumur 5 tahun yaitu 4893.52 N. Tahanan potong maksimum daun adalah 67.67 N. Proses pengomposan menunjukkan bahwa metode pengomposan bokashi memberikan persentase penurunan massa yang paling besar dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya. Cacahan daun pelepah 2 cm memberikan proses pengomposan yang lebih baik. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa metode pengomposan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada rasio C/N tetapi tidak signifikan pada kandungan NPK.
Analisis Dimensional Reaktor Berpengaduk Statis untuk Produksi Biodiesel Akhmad Irfan; Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan; Desrial -
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1551.273 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.04.2.%p

Abstract

AbstractBiodiesel production can be done using static mixing reactor (SMR). The production by this method requires less energy than blade agitator. However, the use of elements in the helix-shaped stirrer reactors causing large pressure drop. The other factors that affect the flow in the SMR can be determined using dimensional analysis. Dimensional analysis can be used to eliminate the variables that are not required so that can be done to optimize the energy used in the SMR design. The variables that influence the pressure drop (ΔP) in the SMR can be formulated into mathematical equation as:Total irreversibility due to the use of a static mixer in the SMR tested is 0.237 W.AbstrakProduksi biodiesel dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan reaktor berpengaduk statis atau SMR (Static Mixing Reactor). Pembuatan biodiesel dengan metode ini membutuhkan energi yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan menggunakan blade agitator. Namun demikian penggunaan elemen pengaduk yang berbentuk helix dalam reaktor menimbulkan pressure drop yang besar. Faktor-faktor lain yang berpengaruh terhadap aliran di dalam SMR dapat ditentukan dengan menggunakan analisis dimensional. Analisis dimensional mampu menghilangkan variabel-variabel yang tidak diperlukan sehingga dapat dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan energi yang digunakan dalam perancangan SMR. Variabel-variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap pressure drop (ΔP) di dalam SMR yang dapat diformulasikan ke dalam bentuk persamaan matematis sebagai:Ketakmampubalikan total akibat penggunaan elemen berpengaduk statis yang diuji adalah 0,237 W.
Desain dan Kinerja Mesin Terintegrasi untuk Mencacah Daun Sawit dan Mengempa Pelepah Sawit Ramayanty Bulan; Tineke Mandang; Wawan Hermawan; Desrial Desrial; Agussabti Agussabti
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3158.71 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.1.83-90

Abstract

AbstractOil Palm frond wastes that are stacked in the rows between oil palm plants take a long time to decompose. To accelerate the decomposition, oil palm leaves need to be chopped into small size and the palm frond need to be compressed into flat. This research aims to design and analyze the performance of an integratedmachine for chopping oil palm leaves and compressing fronds. The design of the machine is performed using engineering characteristics of palm leaves and fronds. The machine consists of palm leaf cutting unit, palm compressing unit and palm leaf chopping unit. All units are integrated and powered by a diesel engine. The leaf cutter used circular blades, the frond compressor used two pairs of grid-rolls and the leaf chopper used a reel-bed knife. All units were tested in order to obtain the machine capacity, percentage of leaves cut, percentage of reduction and increase in frond dimension and chopping leaves size. Leaf cutting unit was tested at blade speeds of 480, 640, and 800 rpm. The compressing unit was tested at rollers speeds of 70, 90, and 110 rpm. The chopping unit was tested at blade speeds of 800, 1200, and 1600 rpm. The test results showed that the optimum machine capacity was 207 frond/h (equal to 1.97 ton/h), leaf cutting was 83.01%, frond height decrease was 18.18 %, fronds width increase was 41.20%, and chopping leaves length and width were 23.3 mm, 3.20 mm, respectively. The optimum operation condition was achieved at cutting blade speed of 640 rpm, 110 rpm compressing rolls speed, and 1600 rpm chopping blade speed.AbstrakLimbah pelepah sawit yang ditumpuk pada alur di antara tanaman kelapa sawit membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk terdekomposisi. Untuk mempercepat dekomposisi, daun sawit perlu dicacah menjadi ukuran kecil dan pelepah sawitnya perlu dikempa menjadi pipih. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain dan menganalisis kinerja mesin pencacah daun dan pengempa pelepah sawit. Desain mesin dilakukan menggunakan data karakteristik teknik dan mekanik dari pelepah sawit. Mesin terdiri dari unit pemotong daun sawit, unit pengempa pelepah sawit dan unit pencacah daun sawit. Unit unit mesin tersebut diintegrasikan dengan penggerak sebuah motor diesel. Pemotong daun menggunakan pisau tipe circular,pengempa pelepah menggunakan dua pasang grid-rolls dan pencacah daun menggunakan pisau reelbedknife. Semua unit diuji kinerjanya untuk memperoleh kapasitas mesin, persentase daun terpotong,persentase pengurangan dan pertambahan dimensi pelepah dan ukuran cacahan daun. Unit pemotong daun diuji pada kecepatan putar pisau 480, 640, dan 800 rpm. Unit pengempa diuji pada kecepatan putarrolls 70, 90, dan 110 rpm. Unit pencacah diuji pada kecepatan putar pisau 800, 1200, dan 1600 rpm. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas oprimum mesin adalah 207 pelepah/jam (setara 1.97 ton/jam), persentase daun terpotong 83.01 %, persentase pengurangan tinggi pelepah 18.18%, persentase pertambahan lebar pelepah 41.20%, panjang cacahan daun 23.3 mm dan lebar cacahan daun 3.20 mm.Kondisi optimum dicapai pada kecepatan putar pisau pemotong daun 640 rpm, kecepatan rolls pengempa 110 rpm dan kecepatan pisau pencacah 1600 rpm.
Kinerja Roda Besi Bersirip Multi-Angle untuk Lahan Sawah Terasering Irwin Syahri Cebro; Tineke Mandang; Wawan Hermawan; Desrial Desrial
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2148.951 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.195-202

Abstract

AbstractThe paddy plots in upland area have fairly steep embankments between plots. This condition causes a hand tractor difficult to move from one plot to another. The objective of this research was to design and test a lug wheel equipped with a multi-angle lug mechanism for slope climbing using a hand tractor. The lug plates of the wheel can be rotated using a mechanism, so that the lug angle can be set at 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, and -15°. Traction performance tests of the prototype wheel were conducted on slope tracks of 15o, 30o and 45o angle. Tractor velocity, torque of wheel shaft, wheel rotational speed and wheel sinkage were measured using corresponding sensors and recorded during the performance test. The test result on 45o slope show that lug wheel with lug angle of -15o produced the highest traction efficiency (93.83%). For climbing the slopes, lug wheel with a smaller lug angle (0o and -15o) produced a higher traction efficiency and a smaller wheel slip than that of using a higher lug angle. The multi-angle lug wheel with a small lug angle had a better slope climbing performance than that of the conventional fixed lug wheel.AbstrakPematang sawah di daerah dataran tinggi memiliki tanggul antara petakan yang cukup curam. Kondisi ini membuat traktor tangan sulit untuk berpindah dari satu petakan ke petakan lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendesain dan menguji sirip roda yang dilengkapi mekanisme sirip multi-angle untuk pendakian lereng dengan menggunakan traktor tangan. Pelat sirip dari roda dapat diputar dengan menggunakan mekanisme, sehingga sudut sudut dapat diatur pada 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, dan -15°. Uji kinerja traksi prototipe roda dilakukan pada lintasan miring dengan sudut kemiringan 15o, 30o dan 45o. Kecepatan traktor, torsi poros roda, kecepatan putaran roda dan roda sinkage diukur dengan menggunakan sensor yang sesuai dan dicatat selama pengujian kinerja. Hasil pengujian pada kemiringan 45o menunjukkan bahwa roda pengangkut dengan sudut sirip -15o menghasilkan efisiensi traksi tertinggi (93.83%). Pada pendakian lereng, sirip roda dengan sudut sirip yang lebih kecil (0o dan -15o) menghasilkan efisiensi traksi yang lebih tinggi dan slip roda yang lebih rendah daripada sudut sirip yang lebih besar. Roda besi bersirip multi-angle dengan sudut sirip kecil memiliki kinerja pendakian lereng yang lebih baik daripada roda besi bersirip konvensional.
Rancang Bangun dan Pengujian Penghalang Heliks sebagai Pencampur Udara-Biogas pada Motor Otto Herbert Hasudungan Siahaan; Armansyah H Tambunan; Desrial; Soni Solistia Wirawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.08.3.89-96

Abstract

A helical barrier as air-biogas mixing device was designed and tested for direct use of biogas from digester in otto cycle generator set. Homogeneity of the air-fuel mixture can give better combustion reaction and increase engine power. The design was based on simulation, which shows that a 0.039 m length of helical barrier gave a 5% increase in power compared to non-helical barrier. Likewise, the simulations also showed that the helical barrier reduced specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 8%. Accordingly, the mixer with helical barrier was designed, and fabricated. Its performance test confirms the improvement resulted by using helical barriers as air-biogas mixer in the engine. The experiment showed that the power increased by 5% when using helical barrier, while SFC decreased by 4.5%. It is concluded that the helical barrier can increase the homogeneity of the mixture resulting in better engine performance. Besides, emissions produced from the engine using a helical barrier also decreased.
KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK FISIK, MEKANIK DAN AERODINAMIK DAUN TEH HASIL PETIKAN YANG TELAH DILAYUKAN Agus Sutejo; Mardjan Suro Sutrisno; Hermawan Wawan; Desrial Desrial
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 9, No 3 (2020): September 2020
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v9i3.171-183

Abstract

The design of the wilted tea stalk and leaf separation system aims to improve the quality of the tea produced especially by separating the tea leaves and stalks at the beginning of the process. Stages that are needed to be done include designing a chopper machine that is capable of chopping tea stems and leaves to a certain size and designing stem and leaf separation system with the pneumatic principle with suction. In this study, physical, mechanical and aerodynamic characteristics of tea leaves were measured. The result showed that force to release a leaf is in the range of values between 12.24-16.17 N smaller than the need for the cutting force of the stem and leaves and the greatest difference in force is achieved at a water content between 55 and 58% bb (leaves) and 66-68% bb (stalk). The leaf terminal velocity is <3 m s-1 while the tea terminal velocity is > 9 m s-1. Tea leaf yield value is very important as a reference in testing the performance of tea and tea leaf separator machines where the average leaf yield is 77.33% and the average stem yield is 22.67%. Keywords: characteristic of tea leaves, engineering, separation of tea leaves, withering of tea leaves
Kinerja Mesin Pemisah Potongan Tangkai dan Daun Teh Agus Sutejo; Sutrisno Suro Mardjan; Wawan Hermawan; Desrial Desrial
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 7, No 3 (2018): Desember
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (304.239 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v7i3.160-167

Abstract

The quality of dried tea depends on the condition of raw materials and processing methods. The problem in the tea processing is the mixture of pieces of stalks and leaves. This research aims to examine the performance of stalks and leaves machine separator based on the difference of suction velocity and the terminal velocity of the material. The separator was designed according to the physical and aerodynamic properties of tea leaves. The performance of the separator was done by calculating the separating efficiency of five combined treatments (P, P1a, P1b, P0a, and P0b) and calculating the separating capacity with three feeding treatments (0.4 kg/sec, 0.5 kg/sec, and 0.6 kg/sec). Physical property observation of the tea leaves obtained an average mass 0.143 kg/m² which means the theoretical suction pressure needed is about 1.4 Pa. The actual terminal velocity measured as 7.5 m/sec for the stalk pieces and 3.0 m/sec for the leaf pieces. The optimum separating efficiency was obtained at P treatment, it was about 97.6 %, with average suction ir velocity 3.15 m/s. Optimum separating capacity was obtained about 354.29 kg/hour.
THE APPLICATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER TO DETECT THE PLOUGHING DEPTH M. Hariansyah; Setiawan R. P.A; Desrial .; Made D.S; Asep SApei
JUTEKS Vol 2, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Elektro Engineering

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (557.557 KB) | DOI: 10.32832/juteks.v2i2.397

Abstract

Transmitter and receiver were applied in this research to detect the mole plough. Transmitter was placed outside the farm while receiver was attached on the mole plough construction and then pulled by tractor. Mole plough was used to create drainage channel. However, creating drainage channel at slope of 0,02% is a difficult task as mole ploughing depth is strongly affected by the contour of soil surface. The objective of this research was to design a device which had ability to control mole ploughing depth. Transmitter used a modified green laser beam which used to measure the profile of soil surface. Receiver was used to receive signal. Light receiver sensor used photodiode which formed into matrix sized of (1x8), every row consisted of 40 sensor of photodiode with 8 levels of depth. When transmitter was activated, green laser beam transmitted 1.206 Hz frequency and can be transmitted for maximum 50 m. When photodiode sensor received green laser beam at allowable detection range, the light beam was transmitted to Arduino microcontroller. There were two microcontrollers used to control two units of relay. The first microcontroller was used to detect the contour level of soil surfaceand second microcontroller was used to measure the mole ploughing depth. The research found that there was deviation of mole ploughing depth between setpoint and field testing result.
RANCANG BANGGUN ALAT DETEKSI RINTANGAN PADA LINTASAN KERJA TRAKTOR BERBASIS PENGOLAHAN CITRA Irriwad Putri; Usman Ahmad; Desrial Desrial
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Vol 20, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (359.086 KB) | DOI: 10.25077/jtpa.20.2.65-72.2016

Abstract

Sensor deteksi rintangan (obstacle detection sensor) merupakan komponen yang penting dalam pengembangan traktor otomatis (autonomous tractor) dalam rangka mengenal lingkungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat alat deteksi rintangan pada lintasan outdoor traktor berbasis pengolahan citra. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi penelitian pendahuluan, perancangan alat, pembuatan alat, dan uji fungsional alat. Alat ini menggunakan kamera CCD sebagai sensor utama dan dilengkapai pointer laser. Pada penelitian pendahuluan diperoleh spesifikasi komponen alat yang digunakan yaitu pointer laser berjumlah enam buah dengan sinar laser berwarna merah yang berupa visible light dengan panjang gelombang 650 nm dengan daya < 5mWatt. Kamera perekam yang digunakan  merupakan jenis kamera CCD color dengan resolusi 640 x 480 dan FL 60 mm. Secara keseluruhan alat deteksi rintangan mempunyai konsistensi penyinaran diatas 85%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa alat ini mampu digunakan sebagai alat deteksi rintangan pada lintasan outdoor traktor.
Co-Authors Agus Sutejo Agussabti Agussabti Anuraga Jayanegara Ari Purbayanto Aris Purwanto Armansyah H Tambunan Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan Asep Sapei Budhi Hascaryo Iskandar D.S, Made Diang Sagita Dyah Wulandani Fandra Wiratama Feby Nopriandi Hariansyah, M. I Dewa Made Subrata Irfan, Akhmad Irwin Syahri Cebro Lendrawati Lendrawati Lendrawati, L. M. Hariansyah Made D.S Mohamad Yamin Mudho Saksono Muhammad Iqbal Nazamuddin Putri, Irriwad R. P.A, Setiawan R. Priyanto Ramayanti Bulan, Ramayanti Ramayanty Bulan Ramayanty Bulan Ramayanty Bulan Robert Sinaga Rudi Priyanto Rusnadi . Sahrun Dongoran Saputra, Rahmad Surya Hadi Setiawan R. P.A Siahaan, Herbert Hasudungan Sjahrul Annas Soni Solistia Wirawan Susanto Budi Sulistyo Sutrisno Mardjan Tika Hafzara S Tineke Mandang Usman Ahmad Vita Rumanti Kurniawati W. Manalu Wasmen Manalu Wawan Hermawan Wawan Hermawan Wawan Hermawan Yahya Abdul Kodir, Delphi Yahya