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HUKUM SEJARAH: KAJIAN FILOSOFIS TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD BAQIR AL-SHADR Ismail, Sanusi
Jurnal Mentari Vol 14, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh

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Isu klasik dalam filsafat sejarah yang senantiasa menyita perhatian para filsuf, sejarawan, dan ilmuwan sosial adalah adakah hukum sejarah yang menguasai jalannya proses atau peristiwa-peristiwa yang berkait dengan manusia. Di antara mereka banyak yang berpandangan bahwa hukum sejarah itu ada, dan sebaliknya banyak pula yang berpandangan bahwa hukum sejarah itu tidak ada. Masing-masing pandangan ini membawa konsekuensi masing-masing. Kalau hukum sejarah ada, berarti sejarah bersifat deterministik dan dilandasi asas kausalitas, dan konsekuensinya tidak ada kebebasan buat manusia dalam sejarah, sebaliknya kalau tidak ada hukum sejarah berarti manusia bebas menentukan jalannya sendiri dalam sejarah. Muhammad Baqir al-Shadr memiliki pandangan yang sintetik mengenai hal ini. Ada hukum sejarah dan ada pula kebebasan. Hukum sejarah itu terdiri atas tiga macam, yaitu hukum sejarah hipotetis, orientatif, dan kategoris (determinatif-fatalistik). Dua yang pertama menyediakan ruang kebebasan buat manusia, sementara yang kategoris tidak. Dengan demikian, manusia punya peran aktif dalam kesejarahannya. Gerak sejarah ditentukan oleh jiwa, gagasan, semangat dan perjuangan kolektif. Perubahan subjektif mendahului dan merupakan dasar buat perubahan eksternal (realitas objektif). Kata kunci: Filsafat sejarah, kausalitas, kebebasan. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Mallat, Chibli. 2001. Menyegarkan Islam: Kajian Komprehensif Pertama Atas Hidup dan Karya Muhammad Baqir al-Shadr, (Penerjemah: Santi Indra Astuti). Bandung: Mizan. Muthahhari, Murthada. 2001. Manusia dan Alam Semesta: Konsepsi Islam tentang Jagad Raya, (Penerjemah: Ilyas Hasan). Jakarta: Lentera. Popper, Karl. 1991. The Poverty of Historicism. London and New York: Roudledge. Popper, Karl. 2002. Masyarakat Terbuka dan Musuh-Musuhnya, (Penerjemah: Uzair Fauzan). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Shadr, Muhammad Baqir. 1992, Pedoman Tafsir Modern: Buku Pegangan Mahasiswa dan Para Peneliti al-Qur’an serta Masalah-Masalah Keislaman, (Penerjemah: Hidayaturakhman). Jakarta: Risalah Masa. Shadr, Muhammad Baqir. 1999, Falsafatuna, (Penerjemah: M. Nur Mufid bin Ali). Bandung: Mizan. Shadr, Muhammad Baqir. 1984. Manusia Masa Kini dan Problema Sosial, (Penerjemah: M. Hashem). Bandung: Pustaka.

HUKUM SEJARAH: KAJIAN FILOSOFIS TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD BAQIR AL-SHADR Sanusi Ismail
Mentari: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh Vol 14, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Isu klasik dalam filsafat sejarah yang senantiasa menyita perhatian para filsuf, sejarawan, dan ilmuwan sosial adalah adakah hukum sejarah yang menguasai jalannya proses atau peristiwa-peristiwa yang berkait dengan manusia. Di antara mereka banyak yang berpandangan bahwa hukum sejarah itu ada, dan sebaliknya banyak pula yang berpandangan bahwa hukum sejarah itu tidak ada. Masing-masing pandangan ini membawa konsekuensi masing-masing. Kalau hukum sejarah ada, berarti sejarah bersifat deterministik dan dilandasi asas kausalitas, dan konsekuensinya tidak ada kebebasan buat manusia dalam sejarah, sebaliknya kalau tidak ada hukum sejarah berarti manusia bebas menentukan jalannya sendiri dalam sejarah. Muhammad Baqir al-Shadr memiliki pandangan yang sintetik mengenai hal ini. Ada hukum sejarah dan ada pula kebebasan. Hukum sejarah itu terdiri atas tiga macam, yaitu hukum sejarah hipotetis, orientatif, dan kategoris (determinatif-fatalistik). Dua yang pertama menyediakan ruang kebebasan buat manusia, sementara yang kategoris tidak. Dengan demikian, manusia punya peran aktif dalam kesejarahannya. Gerak sejarah ditentukan oleh jiwa, gagasan, semangat dan perjuangan kolektif. Perubahan subjektif mendahului dan merupakan dasar buat perubahan eksternal (realitas objektif).Â Kata kunci: Filsafat sejarah, kausalitas, kebebasan.

Melawat di Simeulue (Studi Kasus di Desa Lambaya Kec. Simeulue Tengah dengan Desa Sanggiran Kec. Simeulue Barat Kabupaten Simeulue) Rita Safari; Abdul Manan; Sanusi Ismail
Jurnal Adabiya Vol 21, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Adabiya
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/adabiya.v21i1.6449

This study aims to find out the history of visiting Simeulue, the visiting procession the Lambaya Village with Sanggiran Village, the role of the community in preserving visiting traditions and the benefits of visiting the people of Lambaya Village with Sanggiran Village. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that visiting procession is a visit activity carried out by a group of individuals, organizations or communities by way of deliberations with citizens, communicating, and preparing all the necessities and interests of visiting activities. This visit is led by the highest person in the village or someone who is trusted as the leader of the activity group. The role and benefits of the community to preserve the tradition of visiting is that the community continues to maintain, apply, maintain and develop traditions and cultural values so that visiting can strengthen harmony in daily life. In addition, by visiting them they can get new experiences, find out weaknesses, lack of organization, keep them away from enmity, get new families and most importantly get knowledge that they have not yet gotten.

PRESERVING WOET IE BU PEUDAH TRADITION AS A CULTURAL HERITAGE: A CASE STUDY IN GAMPONG LIMPOK, DARUSSALAM DISTRICT, ACEH BESAR REGENCY Fira Fahrika; Sanusi Ismail; Bustami Abubakar
Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture
Publisher : The Department of Islamic History and Culture in cooperation with the Center for Research and Community Service, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

This study aims to examine the making process, social meaning, and function of Ie Bu Peudah and its conservations. The method used in this study is a qualitative method in which the researcher himself is the key instrument. Data collection techniques is conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results obtained from this study concludes that the Woet Ie Bu Peudah tradition has existed since the days of the Aceh Darussalam sultanate and still survives to the present day. The process of making this traditional food is complex, starting from collecting and drying the ingredients to being ground to mash. Meanwhile, Ie Bu Peuda's cooking process takes approximately two hours. The meaning of this tradition among the people of Gampong Limpok, among others, is as a liaison for friendship and also serves as the main menu for breaking the fast. While the efforts made to preserve it include the Gampong Limpok administrations allocating particular funds for this tradition that comes from the APBG, but several things that become obstacles to the continuity of this tradition include, the ingredients for making it that are starting to be difficult to find and its presence only at special moments. certain only

NANDONG: TRADISI LISAN SIMEULUE Sanusi Ismail; Bustami Abubakar; Hasbullah; Azhari Aiyub
Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture
Publisher : The Department of Islamic History and Culture in cooperation with the Center for Research and Community Service, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

Simeulue, located in the Indian Ocean, has attracted a lot of people’s attention after the tsunami hit the region in 2004. The low number of casualties in Simeulue compared to other affected made the island a spotlight for further research. Some people argue that some forms of oral traditions exist among the people of Simeulue have played a role in saving many lives from the impact of the disaster. Nandong is a popular oral tradition in Simeulue. This oral tradition is important and considered as local wisdom because it contains norms and values inherited by the Simeulue community from generation to generation. This article aims to explore the substance and existence of this local wisdom in the Simeulue community. This study was conducted using qualitative methods. Our research data were collected during fieldwork through interviews, participant-observation and archival reviews. This research found that nandong is a distinctive oral tradition that is different from other oral traditions exist in Simeulue such as buai, nanga-nanga, tokok-tokok and nafi-nafi. This study argues that nandong is the most influential oral tradition among the Simeulue community. Unfortunately, the future existence of nandong in Simeulue is at risk of extinction since not many people, especially the young generation, in Simeulue today eager learn the rich and profound teachings contained in nandong.

TULAK PALONG TRADITION IN LAYEUN COMMUNITY, ACEH BESAR Andra Natasya; Sanusi Ismail; Bustami Abubakar
Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture Vol 4 No 1 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture
Publisher : The Department of Islamic History and Culture in cooperation with the Center for Islamic History and Culture in Aceh and Malay World Studies (PUSAKA), Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ijihc.v4i1.1602

This study aims to examine the symbolic meaning of the tulak palong tradition among the people of Layeun-Aceh Besar. Palong is a type of traditional boat used by fishermen on the coast of Aceh Besar. This study uses a qualitative approach in which data is collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants in this study were panglima laot, fishermen, and the local community. The results of the study show that the tulak palong tradition has been practiced in this area since 1970. The tulak (refusal) process is only carried out the first time when the palong is about to sail, and then the palong will continue to be at sea until it needs to be renovated, usually in 2 to 5 years. In the implementation of tulak palong, there are social values, including mutual cooperation and caring for others. In addition to social values, in the process of practicing tulak palong, there are also symbolic meanings such as beauty in decorating the palong, brotherhood among the community.

Dinamika Kehidupan Beragama pada PTKIN di Aceh: Perspektif Kultural dan Historis Sanusi Ismail
Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Sejarah Indonesia
Publisher : Perkumpulan Program Studi Sejarah Se-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/jsi.v6i2.32605

This article discusses the dynamics of religious life that occur on the campuses of State Islamic Religious Universities (PTKIN) in Aceh. PTKIN in Aceh is part of PTKIN nationally, and to a certain extent, the religious dynamics between campuses interact and influence each other, on the other hand, its location in Aceh, has a sociocultural impact and the history of Aceh, which has its own Islamic color. Does the dynamics of religious life at PTKIN in Aceh reflect the dynamics of religious life in Acehnese society, or does it have a different style and be more national in nature as part of PTKIN? The main focus of this study is to see whether the dynamics of religious life at PTKIN in Aceh are based on a contextual and tolerant understanding of religion and whether there are indications of the development of radicalism and violence in the name of religion as has occurred in the last decade in various places in Indonesia, including Aceh. The method used is qualitative, where data collection is carried out using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation, and documentation, while data analysis uses critical discourse analysis. In general, it can be concluded that the dynamics of religious life at PTKIN in Aceh are currently more moderate and tolerant compared to the religious dynamics of Acehnese society in general.

BATU NISAN DI SITUS BINANGA SEBAGAI INDIKASI PEMUKIMAN MUSLIM KUNO DI PANTAI BARAT ACEH Husni, Amir; Ismail, Sanusi; Nasruddin AS, Nasruddin AS; Abubakar, Bustami; Idria, Reza; Hermansyah, Hermansyah; Ruhamah, Ruhamah; Al Fairusy, Muhajir
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This article aims to discuss the development of ancient Muslim settlements on the west coast of Aceh based on the findings of Islamic gravestones at the Binanga site in Subulussalam City, Aceh. This site is very unique, it is located inland and right on the banks of the Singkel River, which is connected to the highlands of Sumatra. There are 131 Islamic gravestones, and their shapes vary greatly. The results of the morphological analysis show that the gravestones were divided into two groups: Aceh gravestones (batu Aceh) and Barus gravestones (nisan Barus). There are no biographical inscriptions carved on the gravestones, however, the morphological analysis shows that these gravestones date from the 18th to 19th centuries AD. These tombstones indicate that Muslim communities began to settle permanently in the interior of Aceh's west coast in the 1700s. The emergence of these settlements is related to the migration of people from the highlands of Sumatra to the west coast of Aceh, which was motivated by the development of international trade centered in Singkel and its surroundings since the 18th and 19th centuries AD. Thus, the tombstone on this site is very important because gave the clear picture to understand the emergence of Muslim settlements on the west coast of Aceh in the past.

FACTUAL CONTENT OF HISTORY IN THE FILM FETIH 1453: MUATAN FAKTA SEJARAH DALAM FILM FETIH 1453 Hidayat, Muhammad Naufal; Ismail, Sanusi
Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture
Publisher : The Department of Islamic History and Culture in cooperation with the Center for Islamic History and Culture in Aceh and Malay World Studies (PUSAKA), Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ijihc.v4i2.3731

This research aims to identify the historical facts present in the film Fetih 1453. It uses historical methods, including heuristic, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The research findings indicate that the film Fetih 1453, directed by Faruk Aksoy, is based on historical facts. The film is set during the Ottoman Empire era, specifically during the rule of Sultan Mehmed II, depicting the story of the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople. The fictional elements present in some characters do not alter the main storyline of the film, which revolves around the conquest of Constantinople. Other aspects examined in the research include the historical facts presented in the film Conquest 1453. Faruk Aksoy portrays historical facts through numerous scenes in the film. The film successfully provides historical information, such as the second ascent of Sultan Mehmed II, the creation of large cannons, the construction of fortresses in Rumelia, the transportation of ships over hills, and the conquest of Constantinople. This film can be used as a reference to understand the depiction of the Ottoman attack on Constantinople through a historical approach, allowing for a sequential examination of events.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Krueng Tunong Aceh Jaya Melalui Usaha Kerupuk Udang Berbasis Komoditas Lokal Ismail, Sanusi; Saputra, Wendi; Baisan, Putra; Faturrohman, Galih; Vanyza; Kartika, Bintang; Padliyah, S Musytiratul; Ananda, Suci Mulia; Kiram, Syaiful; Jauzi, Nesha Alifia; Riayatsyah, Elsyaddad; Abrar, Khairul
MEUSEURAYA - Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol.1 No.2 (Desember 2022)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat STAIN Teungku Dirundeng Meulaboh

Amal ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu rumah tangga Desa Krueng Tunong dalam produksi dan pengelolaan kerupuk udang. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah ibu rumah tangga Desa Krueng Tunong kurang memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan untuk mengolah hasil tambak berupa udang dan memanfaatkannya menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomis. Tujuan dari program ini adalah membuat unit usaha untuk mengembangkan produk pangan berupa kerupuk berbahan dasar udang. Secara khusus merupakan program yang mengajarkan ibu-ibu rumah tangga di Desa Krueng Tunong cara membuat kerupuk udang. Pelatihan ini dimulai dari pengolahan, pengemasan dan pemasaran. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan adalah metode demonstrasi, diskusi dan pelatihan/konsultasi. Kegiatan tersebut melibatkan seluruh anggota Kuliah Kerja Nyata Melayu Serumpun III dari berbagai Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri se-Sumatera yang bertempat di Desa Krueng Tunong didampingi aparatur desa dan dikunjungi ibu-ibu rumah tangga yang ada di Desa Krueng Tunong. Luaran dari kegiatan ini adalah sekelompok ibu rumah tangga dari desa Krueng Tunong yang memiliki keterampilan membuat kerupuk udang dan menjalankan usaha. Dari diskusi-diskusi yang diadakan terlihat bahwa para peserta mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pengolahan dan pemanfaatan udang serta bersedia memanfaatkan peluang yang ada untuk meningkatkan pendapatan mereka. Sekitar 90% peserta aktif memberikan komentar positif tentang keterampilan dan pengetahuan yang diberikan oleh mahasiswa yang mengikuti Kuliah Kerja Nyata.

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