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Specialist Medical Education Program (PPDS): A Phenomenological Study at the Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University Posangi, Iddo; Rawis, Joulanda A M; Tambingon, Henny Nikolin; Sumual, Shelty D.M.
International Journal of Information Technology and Education Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : JR Education

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Abstract

Bullying in clinical medical education has increasingly been recognized as a systemic problem that undermines learning quality, resident well-being, and ultimately patient safety. This study examines the dynamics of bullying within the Specialist Medical Education Program (PPDS), particularly Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, at the Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University (FK Unsrat), and formulates a comprehensive management model for bullying prevention aimed at reducing residents’ risk of depression. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants, including junior residents, senior residents, and consultants. Findings indicate that bullying is often “mild” in appearance yet persistent, manifesting verbally (humiliating remarks, destructive criticism), socially (information exclusion), symbolically (non-academic errands justified as “tradition”), and administratively (unrealistic deadlines and punitive task allocations). These behaviors are normalized by a seniority culture, rigid academic traditions, and hierarchical structures, which create power imbalances and discourage reporting due to fear of retaliation and negative academic consequences. The study also reveals that existing prevention efforts remain largely normative: formal rules are not explicit about bullying, standard operating procedures (SOPs) are absent, and reporting mechanisms are unclear or distrusted. In response, this study proposes an integrated bullying prevention management model consisting of a dedicated SOP, an independent reporting and protection system, strengthened empathetic communication training, consultant mentoring development, organizational culture reorientation, and continuous monitoring and evaluation. The model positions prevention as an institutional quality assurance agenda in clinical education, linking humane supervision, ethical professionalism, and mental health safeguarding to improved learning outcomes and safer care.
Perioperative Management in a Cesarean Section Patient with Rheumatic Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension J. Lawalata, Leonardo A.; Laihad, Mordekhai L.; Posangi, Iddo; Lantang, Eka Y.; Kambey, Barry I.
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i3.52406

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy complicated by rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a high-risk condition with maternal mortality reaching 20–50%. The physiological burden of pregnancy can precipitate cardiovascular decompensation, making perioperative management of cesarean section extremely challenging. Objective: This case report aims to describe the perioperative challenges and the multidisciplinary anesthetic strategy implemented in a high-risk parturient with RHD and PH, emphasizing the rationale for choosing general anesthesia over regional techniques. Methods: A 25-year-old woman (G3P2A0) at 32–33 weeks gestation presented in labor with signs of fetal distress. She had a history of RHD with moderate-to-severe mitral stenosis, moderate tricuspid regurgitation, PH, and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. Due to significant coagulopathy (INR 2.3), regional anesthesia was contraindicated. The patient underwent general anesthesia with gradual induction, invasive hemodynamic monitoring (arterial and central venous lines), and lung-protective ventilation for an emergency cesarean section. Findings: The procedure was completed successfully with the delivery of a live infant with good Apgar scores. Intraoperatively, the patient remained hemodynamically stable with support from inotropes and vasopressors. Postoperatively, she was managed in the intensive care unit (ICU) for four days before being transferred to the general ward and discharged without major complications. Implications: This case underscores that in specific high-risk scenarios where regional anesthesia is contraindicated, a carefully conducted general anesthesia with invasive monitoring can be a safe and effective alternative.