Erwin Pradian
Departemen Anestesiologi Dan Terapi Intensif Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung

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Perbandingan Keberhasilan dan Waktu Intubasi Endotrakeal pada Manekin antara Bantal Intubasi Standar dengan Bantal Intubasi Modifikasi Permana, Sendy Setiawan; Pradian, Erwin; Yadi, Dedi Fitri
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 6, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1111.488 KB) | DOI: 10.15851/jap.v6n3.1363

Abstract

Intubasi pipa endotrakeal adalah standar baku manajemen jalan napas. Direct laryngoscopy dengan memposisikan kepala dan leher secara sniffing position menggunaan bantal agar visualisasi glotis optimal merupakan kunci untuk melakukan tindakan intubasi endotrakea. Tujuan penelitian adalah membandingkan keberhasilan dan lama waktu intubasi endotrakea pada manekin menggunakan bantal intubasi standar dan bantal intubasi modifikas. Penelitian menggunakan metode crossover randomized study dengan teknik nonprobability sampling oleh 31 orang residen anestesi pada manekin di ruang skill lab Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intesif FK Unpad  RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode maret 2018. Penelitian dibagi menjadi kelompok bantal intubasi standar (A) melakukan intubasi endotrakeal menggunakan bantal intubasi standar dilanjutkan menggunakan bantal intubasi modifikasi. Kelompok bantal modifikasi (B) melakukan intubasi endotrakeal dengan bantal intubasi modifikasi dilanjutkan menggunakan bantal intubasi standar, dinilai keberhasilan dan lama waktu intubasi. Data dianalisis dengan Uji t dan Uji Mann-Whitney dengan p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Analisis data statistik menunjukkan angka keberhasilan yang sama pada kedua kelompok, sedangkan lama waktu intubasi endotrakea lebih singkat pada kelompok bantal modifikasi dibandingkan dengan kelompok bantal standar dengan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan waktu intubasi menggunakan bantal intubasi modifikasi lebih singkat dibanding dengan menggunakan bantal standar, sedangan keberhasilan intubasi sama pada kedua kelompok.
Gambaran Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, Lama Perawatan, dan Luaran Pasien di Ruang Perawatan Intensif Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Tahun 2017 Pamugar, Bramantyo; Pradian, Erwin; Fuadi, Iwan
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 6, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (850.734 KB) | DOI: 10.15851/jap.v6n3.1344

Abstract

Skor acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II, lama perawatan, dan luaran pasien merupakan indikator penting di Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Ketiga indikator ini dapat berbeda dari satu dengan tempat lain. Ketiga indikator ini dapat dibandingkan di tempat lain untuk meningkatkan pelayanan ICU. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran skor APACHE II, lama perawatan, dan angka mortalitas pada pasien yang dirawat di ICU RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada tahun 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif observasional yang dilakukan secara retrospektif terhadap 303 objek penelitian. Objek penelitian diambil di bagian rekam medis pada bulan April 2018. Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil skor APACHE II berkisar 0−56  dengan rerata 16,68, angka mortalitas sebesar 130 (42,3%), dan lama perawatan berkisar 2−79 hari dengan rerata 9,89 hari. Data skor APACHE II terhadap angka kematian berbeda dengan Amerika Serikat yang dapat dikarenakan perbedaan acuan prediksi mortalitas, underestimation derajat keparahan pasien cedera kepala, bias yang disebabkan oleh penatalaksanaan pasien pre-ICU, dan satu waktu pemeriksaan skor APACHE II.Kata kunci: APACHE II, ICU, lama perawatan, luaran pasienOverview of Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, Length of Stay, and Patient Outcome in the Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2017The APACHE II score, length of stay, and patient outcome are important indicators in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Those indicators could be different from one place to another and can be compared to increase the quality of health services in ICU. The purpose of this study was to describe acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II, length of stay, and mortality rate of patients at the ICU of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from January 1 to December 31, 2017. This was a retrospective descriptive observational study on 303 patient medical records. It was revealed that the APACHE score was ranging from 0−56 (mean =16.68); the mortality rate was 42.9% (n=130); and the length of stay was 2−79 days (mean 9.89 days). This suggests a gap in these indicators between Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital and hospitals in the United States of America which may be due to differences in the the standard that is used to predict the mortality rate, underestimation of severity of head injury, treatment before admission to ICU, and single time assessment of APACHE II.Key words: APACHE II, ICU, length of stay, outcome
Acid-Base Balance: Stewart’s Approach Pradian, Erwin; Maskoen, Tinni Trihartini; Destiara, Andy Pawana
Majalah Anestesia dan Critical Care Vol 33 No 2 (2015): Juni
Publisher : Perdatin Pusat

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The Henderson-Hasselbalch approach to acid-base balance allows explanation and quantification of many disorders of acid-base phisiology and is still widely used in clinical practice. However, complex metabolic disorders, such as those present in critically ill patients, can be difficult to define and treat using this approach. Peter Stewart proposed a different approach to acid-base physiology based upon physicochemical principles, which are electrochemical neutrality, conservation of mass and law of mass action. According to Stewart, there are only three variables influence the dissociation of water. These independent variables are pCO2, total concentration of weak acid [ATot] and strong ion difference (SID). Another different is if in Henderson-Hasselbalch approach pointed on bicarbonat ion, Stewart use chloride ion as the important anion as the causatif factor so there are also known the terms hyperchloremia acidosis, dilutional acidosis and contraction alkalosis.
Clinical Manifestations of Iscehaemic and Reperfusion Injury Pradian, Erwin; , Rizki; Maskoen, Tinni Trihartini
Majalah Anestesia dan Critical Care Vol 33 No 2 (2015): Juni
Publisher : Perdatin Pusat

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Although restoration of blood low to an ischaemic organ is essential to prevent irreversible tissue injury, reperfusionper se may result in a local and systemic inlammatory response that may augment tissue injury in excess of thatproduced by ischaemia alone. Cellular damage after reperfusion of previously viable ischaemic tissues is deinedas ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. I-R injury is characterized by oxidant production, complement activation,leucocyte endothelial cell adhesion, platelet-leucocyte aggregation, increased microvascular permeability anddecreased endothelium-dependent relaxation. In its severest form, I-R injury can lead to multiorgan dysfunctionor death. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology of I-R injury has advanced signiicantly in the lastdecade, such experimentally derived concepts have yet to be fully integrated into clinical practice. Treatment ofI-R injury is also confounded by the fact that inhibition of I-R-associated inlammation might disrupt protectivephysiological responses or result in immunosuppression. Thus, while timely reperfusion of the ischaemic areaat risk remains the cornerstone of clinical practice, therapeutic strategies such as ischaemic preconditioning,controlled reperfusion, and anti-oxidant, complement or neutrophil therapy may signiicantly prevent or limit I-Rinducedinjury in humans.
Pengaruh Anestesi Umum dibanding dengan Anestesi Spinal untuk Seksio Sesarea terhadap Suhu Rektum Bayi Baru Lahir Rahmat, Rahmat; Pradian, Erwin; Boom, Cindy Elfira
Majalah Anestesia dan Critical Care Vol 34 No 3 (2016): Oktober
Publisher : Perdatin Pusat

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Teknik anestesi spinal dan anestesi umum keduanya mengganggu mekanisme termoregulasi. Masih kurang informasi tentang pengaruh teknik anestesi yang dipakai untuk seksio sesarea terhadap suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan apakah ada perbedaan suhu rektum bayi baru lahir dengan seksio sesarea dihubungkan dengan teknik anestesi yang dipakai. Wanita hamil sebanyak 60 orang secara acak mendapat anestesi umum atau anestesi spinal. Suhu inti ibu diukur tiga kali dengan termometer membran timpani saat induksi, insisi uterus dan saat bayi lahir. Suhu rektum bayi diukur segera setelah lahir. Usia ibu, berat badan, tinggi badan, body mass index (BMI), suhu ibu sesaat sebelum induksi dan suhu ruangan tidak berbeda bermakna pada kedua kelompok. Interval waktu mulai induksi anestesi sampai bayi lahir pada kelompok anestesi spinal ratarata 18,24 menit (SD=2,862) dan kelompok anestesi umum rata-rata 6,47 menit (SD=3,082).Volume cairan pada kelompok anestesi spinal rata-rata 946,6 mL (SD=225,57) dan pada kelompok anestesi umum rata-rata 715,0 mL (SD=133,36), nilai P&lt;0,05. Suhu rektum bayi pada kelompok anestesi spinal rata-rata 37,19oC (SD=0,256) dan pada kelompok anestesi umum rata-rata 37,59oC (SD=0,2288), nilai P&lt;0.05. Suhu rektum bayi lebih rendah padakelompok anestesi spinal dibanding dengan kelompok anestesi umum, tetapi tidak mencapai batas hipotermi. Hal ini akibat pada anestesi spinal terjadi redistribusi panas dari inti ke perifer yang lebih besar, pada penelitian ini ditemukan pula pada anestesi spinal memerlukan lebih banyak cairan intravena dan Interval mulai anestesi sampai bayi lahir lebih panjang. Kata kunci: Anestesi spinal, anestesi umum, suhu membran timpani, suhu rektum bayi, seksio sesarea The Effect Of General Anesthesia Compared to Spinal Anesthesia in Cesarian Section on Newborn Rectal TemperatureBoth spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia interfere thermoregulation mechanism. There are less information on the effect of anesthesia technique applied in cesarean section on newborn rectal temperature. The aim of the study was to determine whether there was a different rectal temperature of the newborn babies with cesarean section in related to using different anesthesia techniques. Sixty pregnant women were randomLy assigned either to general anesthesia group or spinal anesthesia group. The maternal core temperature was measured triplicately with tympanic membrane thermometer at induction, uterine incision, and birth. The rectal temperature of thebabies was promptly measured after delivery. The age, weight, height, BMI, and temperature before induction of the mothers, as well as the room temperature were non-significantly different in both groups. The mean time interval, from anesthesia induction to infant delivery in spinal anesthesia was 18.24 (SD=2.862) minutes and that in general anesthesia was 6.47 (SD=3.082). The mean fluid volume in spinal anesthesia was 946.6 (SD=225.57) mL and that in general anesthesia was 715.0 (SD=133.36) mL, with P&lt;0.05. The mean infant rectal temperature in spinal anesthesia was 37.19 (SD=0.256) °C and that in general anesthesia was 37.59 (SD=0.2288) °C, with p&lt;0.05. The infant rectal temperature was lower in spinal anesthesia compared to that in general anesthesia; but it did notreach hypothermic limit. This was due to that in the spinal anesthesia, there are a greater heat redistribution from core to periphery, a need of more intravenous fluid, and a prolonged interval from anesthesia initiation to infant birth. Key words: Cesarean section, general anesthesia, newborn rectal temperature, spinal anesthesia, tympanicmembrane temperature
Resuscitative Strategies in Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock Supandji, Mia; Budipratama, Dhany; Pradian, Erwin
Majalah Anestesia dan Critical Care Vol 33 No 3 (2015): Oktober
Publisher : Perdatin Pusat

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Trauma and brain injury are common in young patients with a high incidence of mortality. The classic triadof death in a trauma involves hypothermia, acidosis and coagulopathy. This physiologic derangement plays animportant role in exsanguination and death of trauma patients, if it is not promptly diagnosed and aggressivelytreated. However, the optimal strategy is still debatable. Damage Control Resuscitation along with damage controlsurgery has been proven to increase patients survival. DCR is a management of patients with trauma startedfrom the emergency room up to the operating room and the intensive care unit (ICU). Five pillars of DCR are 1.Body rewarming, 2. Correction of acidosis, 3. Permissive hypotension, 4. Restrictive luids administration and 5.Hemostatic resuscitation. Early and aggressive transfusion of blood and blood products, with comparison of PRC,FFP and platelets of 1:1:1, if no whole blood available, can improve the outcome and survival of the patients.
NutritionTherapy in ICU Patiens Kestriani, Nurita Dian; Budipratama, Dhany; Pradian, Erwin
Majalah Anestesia dan Critical Care Vol 33 No 3 (2015): Oktober
Publisher : Perdatin Pusat

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Under ordinary circumstances, feeding is not considered as medical therapy. When normal diet fail to meet daily requirements or when assessment documents deficiencies, then nutritional planning becomes a part of medical therapeutics. The goals of nutritional support for critically ill patients include preserving tissue mass, decreasing usage of endogenous nutrient stores and catabolism, and maintaining or improving organ function (i.e., immune, renal, and hepatic systems; muscle). Specific goals include improving wound healing, decreasing infection, maintaining the gut barrier (decreasing translocation), and decreasing morbidity and mortality all of which may contribute to decreasing the ICU or hospital stay and hospitalization costs.
Perbandingan Epidural Volume Extension 5 mL dan 10 mL Salin 0,9% pada Spinal Anestesi dengan Bupivakain 0,5% 10 mg Hiperbarik terhadap Tinggi Blok Sensorik dan Pemulihan Blok Motorik pada Seksio Sesare Reza Indra Putra; Erwin Pradian; Rudi Kurniadi Kadarsah
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 4, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (420.27 KB) | DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n1.740

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Epidural volume extension (EVE) merupakan bentuk modifikasi dari kombinasi spinal epidural dengan injeksi salin normal ke dalam rongga epidural setelah dosis intratekal. Teknik EVE meningkatkan tingkat blok sensorik yang diakibatkan efek volume saat volume cairan pada rongga epidural yang menekan dural sac dan menyebabkan penyebaran sefalad dari anestetik lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji perbedaan pengaruh EVE 5 mL dan 10 mL salin 0,9% dengan menggunakan bupivakain 0,5% 10 mg terhadap tinggi blok sensorik dan pemulihan blok motorik pada pasien seksio sesarea. Penelitian dilakukan pada pertengahan September–November 2014 di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Dilakukan uji klinis acak terkontrol pada 30 pasien yang menjalani seksio sesarea (SC) dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang menerima EVE 10 mL dan kelompok yang menerima EVE 5 mL pada pasien yang akan dilakukan SC dengan menggunakan anestesi kombinasi spinal epidural. Penilaian ketinggian blok sensorik menggunakan uji pinprick serta penilaian pemulihan blok motorik menggunakan uji bromage score. Data hasil diuji dengan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemulihan blok motorik pada subjek penelitian yang menggunakan EVE 10 mL lebih cepat pulih dibanding dengan menggunakan EVE 5 mL (p<0,001). Simpulan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan pemberian EVE 10 mL pada pasien seksio sesarea memiliki pemulihan blok motorik lebih cepat dengan ketinggian blok sensorik yang sama.Kata kunci: Blok motorik, blok sensorik, epidural volume extensionComparison between 5 mL Epidural Volume Extension and 10 mL Epidural Volume Extension by 0.9% Saline in Spinal Anesthesia with 10 mg 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine on High and Recovery Sensory Block Motor in Caesarean SectionAbstractEpidural volume extension (EVE) is a modified form of combined spinal epidural with normal saline injected into the epidural space after the intrathecal dose. EVE techniques increases the level of sensory block resulting from the volume effects when the volume of fluid in the epidural space suppresses the dural sac and causes the cephalad spread of local anesthetic. The aim of this research was to assess differences in the effects of 5 mL EVE and 10 mL EVE by 0.9% saline with 10 mg 0.5% bupivacaine on sensory block height and motor block recovery in caesarean section patients. This research was carried out from mid September to November 2014 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. This was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 30 patients who underwent caesarean section (SC) and divided randomly into two groups, namely group receiving 10 mL EVE and group receiving 5 mL EVE with a spinal epidural combination anesthesia. The assessment of sensory block height was performed using the pinprick test while bromage score test were used for motor block recovery. The data was analyzed using t test. The results showed a faster recovery of motor block in the research subjects using 10 mL EVE compared to those using 5 mL EVE (p<0.001). The conclusion from this study is that the administration of 10 mL EVE in patients who underwent caesarean section leads to a faster motor block recovery with the same sensory block height.Key words: Block motor, sensory block, epidural volume extension DOI: 10.15851/jap.v4n1.740
Perbandingan Efektivitas Pemberian Efedrin Oral Dosis 25 mg dengan 50 mg Preoperatif terhadap Kejadian Hipotensi Pascaanestesi Spinal pada Seksio Sesarea Selly Oktarina Rosita; Erwin Pradian; Ruli Herman Sitanggang
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 1, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Tablet efedrin dapat mencegah hipotensi dengan efek samping lebih kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dosis efektif tablet efedrin yang diberikan 30–45 menit sebelum dilakukan anestesi spinal untuk menurunkan kejadian hipotensi. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental acak tersamar tunggal dengan 32 ibu hamil ASA II yang menjalani operasi sesar dengan anestesi spinal di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Maret–Mei 2012. Subjek penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi dua, yaitu kelompok 25 mg dan 50 mg. Data dianalisis dengan Uji Mann Whitney dan chi-kuadrat, nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa kejadian hipotensi pada kelompok 25 mg dan kelompok 50 mg berbeda bermakna (p=0,049). Pada kelompok tablet efedrin 25 mg kebutuhan efedrin intravena pascaanestesi spinal lebih besar (p=0,040). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian tablet efedrin 50 mg 30–45 menit sebelum anestesi spinal dapat mencegah hipotensi pascaanestesi spinal lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tablet efedrin 25 mg. Kelompok tablet efedrin 25 mg memerlukan jumlah pemberian efedrin intravena lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan kelompok tablet efedrin 50 mg.Kata kunci: Anestesi spinal, efedrin tablet 25 mg, efedrin tablet 50 mg, seksio sesarea, hipotensi Comparison of the Effectiveness of Preoperative Oral 25 mg and 50 mg Ephedrine on Postspinal Anaesthesia Hypotension in Caesarean SectionAbstractOral ephedrine is one alternative to prevent hypotension with less adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective dose of oral ephedrine given 30–45 minutes before spinal anesthesia to reduce incidence of hypotension. The research was a single-blind randomized experimental study involving 32 pregnant women, ASA II, who underwent caesarean section with spinal anesthesia at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from March to May 2012. Subjects were divided into two groups, 25 mg ephedrine and 50mg ephedrine groups. Data was analyzed using Mann Whitney and chi-square test, p<0.05 was considered significant. Statistical analysis showed there was a significant difference (p=0.049) in incidence of hypotension between 25 mg group and 50mg group. 25mg group required more intravenous ephedrine after spinal anesthesia (p=0.040). The conclusion of this study was that oral 50mg ephedrine given 30–45 minutes before performing spinal anesthesia will reduce the incidence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia in comparison to oral 25mg ephedrine. In 25mg group, the amount of ephedrine intravenous administered is higher compared with 50mg group.Key words: Spinal anesthesia, 25mg oral ephedrine, 50mg oral ephedrine, caesarean section, hypotension DOI: 10.15851/jap.v1n3.192
Efektivitas Penggunaan Prewarming dan Water Warming untuk Mengurangi Penurunan Suhu Intraoperatif pada Operasi Ortopedi Ekstremitas Bawah dengan Anestesi Spinal Emvina Husni Syam; Erwin Pradian; Eri Surahman
Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Vol 1, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Laju penurunan suhu inti tubuh dapat dikurangi dengan tindakan pemanasan sebelum operasi (prewarming) selama 30 menit dan menggunakan alas penghangat water warming selama operasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas prewarming dan alas penghangat water warming dalam mengurangi penurunan suhu intraoperatif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode acak terkontrol buta tunggal terhadap 30 pasien di ruang operasi bedah sentral Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Mei–Juli 2013 yang dikelompokkan menjadi tiga, yaitu kelompok yang dilakukan prewarming selama 30 menit dan menggunakan alas penghangat water warming selama operasi, kelompok pasien yang menggunakan alas penghangat water warming selama operasi, dan kelompok kontrol. Pencatatan suhu inti tubuh dilakukan pada membran timpani tiap 15 menit sejak awal induksi sampai operasi selesai. Analisis data hasil penelitian dilakukan dengan uji statistik yaitu uji chi-kuadrat, uji-t, Uji Friedman dan uji analysis of variance (ANOVA) dengan nilai p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Suhu inti tubuh rata-rata pada kelompok prewarming dan water warming 36,62 °C (p=0,023), kelompok water warming 36,24 °C (p<0,001), dan kelompok kontrol 35,94 °C (p<0,001) yang secara statistik berbeda signifikan. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah penggunaan prewarming dan water warming dapat mengurangi dan memperlambat derajat penurunan suhu selama operasi.Kata kunci: Prewarming, suhu inti tubuh, water warmingEffectiveness of Prewarming and Water Warming to Reduce Intraoperative Temperature Decrease on Spinal Anesthesia for Lower Extremity Orthopedic SurgeryThe decline rate of core body temperature can be reduced by perioperative care such as prewarming (the application of heat to patient’s body prior to surgery) for 30 minutes and by using a water warming pad during surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of prewarming and water warming pad to reduce intraoperative temperature decrease on spinal anesthesia. This study was conducted by a single-blind randomized controlled trials method involving 30 patients in central operating theatre Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital-Bandung within May–July 2013 were classified into three groups, the group of prewarming patients performed for 30 minutes and were using water warming pad during surgery; the group of patients without prewarming and were using water warming pad during surgery; and the control group. Core body temperature on tympanic membrane was recorded every 15 minutes from the initial induction through the end of operation. The result data were analyzed by using chi-square (χ2) test, t test, Friedman Test and ANOVA test, in which the value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Average core body temperature of the prewarming and water warming pad group was 36.62 °C (p=0.023), the water warming pad group was 36.24 °C (p<0.001), and the control group was 35.94 °C (p<0.001), this result statistically significant. The conclusion of this study is prewarming prior to surgery and the use of water warming pad during surgery could reduce temperature decline rate during operation.Key words:  Core body temperature, prewarming, water warming  DOI: 10.15851/jap.v1n2.119
Co-Authors , Rizki - Irwan - Irwan, - - Suhandoko - Suhandoko A. Muthalib Nawawi A. Muthalib Nawawi Adhitya Pratama Agung Ari Budy Siswanto Agung Hujjatulislam Agung Hujjatulislam, Agung Andie Muhari Barzah Andie Muhari Barzah, Andie Muhari Ardi Zulfariansyah Ardi Zulfariansyah Aris Gunawan Baginda Aflah Bahtiar Susanto Bramantyo Pamugar Budi Fitriyana Budi Fitriyana Budi Santosa Budi Santosa Cindy Elfira Boom Dedi Fitri Yadi Delis, Eddo Alan Destiara, Andy Pawana Dhany Budipratama Dian Irawati, Dian Doddy Tavianto Doni Arief Rahmansyah Doni Arief Rahmansyah Eddo Alan Delis Emvina Husni Syam Emvina Husni Syam Eri Surahman Eri Surahman Erlangga, Erias Ezra Oktaliansah Faisal Rachman Faisal Rosady Faisal Rosady Fatima Fatima Ferawati Ferawati Gunawan, Aris Hendro, Rachmad Try Hidayat Hidayat Ida Bagus Krisna Jaya Sutawan Ike Sri Redjeki Ike Sri Redjeki Iman Muhammad Yusup Mansur Iman Muhammad Yusup Mansur Indra Wijaya Indriasari Indriasari Irwan Setiadi Iwan Fuadi Jonathan Jonathan Kurnia Ricky Ananta Kurniawan, Muhammad Budi Listiana Dewi Sartika M. Andy Prihartono M. Erias Erlangga Maransdyka Purnamasidi Maransdyka Purnamasidi Marrylin Tio Simamora Mohamad Andy Prihartono Mohamad Andy Prihartono Muhammad Budi Kurniawan Muthalib Nawawi Nadya, Siti Fairuz Nawawi, Muthalib Nurita Dian Nurita Dian Kestriani Nurita Dian Kestriani Nurita Dian Kestriani Pamugar, Bramantyo Permana, Sendy Setiawan Putra, Prana Indra Rachmad Try Hendro Radian Ahmad Halimi Rahmat Rahmat Reza Indra Putra Reza Indra Putra, Reza Indra Reza W Sudjud Ricky Aditya Rudi Kurniadi Kadarsah Ruli Herman Sitanggang Selly Oktarina Rosita Selly Oktarina Rosita Sendy Setiawan Permana Sobaryati Supandji, Mia Susanto, Bahtiar Suwarman Suwarman Suwarman Tanto, Dedi Tatang Bisri Tatang Bisri Tatang Bisri Tinni T. Maskoen Tinni T. Maskoen Tinni T. Maskoen Tinni Trihartini Maskoen Yovita Koswara Yovita Koswara