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Journal : Kemudi

Israel’s Foreign Policy Interests in Normalizing Relations with Middle East Countries Rio Sundari; Suyastri, Cifebrima; Prayuda, Rendi; Rani, Faisyal
Kemudi Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Kemudi: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Pemerintahan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/kemudi.v8i1.5299

Abstract

This research aims to explain Israel's foreign policy interests in normalizing relations with Arab countries. Between 2020 and 2021, Israel concluded normalization agreements with 4 Arab countries (United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan, Morocco) announced and mediated by President Trump. Previously, in 1978, Egypt had already normalized relations with Israel by signing a peace agreement mediated by then US leader Jimmy Carter. In 1994, Jordan also followed in Egypt's footsteps to normalize relations with Israel in the Washington Declaration mediated by Bill Clinton. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research model approach in analyzed problems empirically. The qualitative approach used in this research is a type of literature study whose data sources are analyzed from books, journals and news protals that have a correlation with the research. The results of the study mentioned that the shift in the perspective of regional security to interests allowed the normalization of this relationship. However, this development does not mean that this normalization leads to peace and stability as the main goal. On the contrary, this diplomatic relationship is only an ulterior motive in carrying out interest mutualism to gain benefits, international status and global reputation that are more favorable to Israel.
Analysis of Indonesia’s Primary Weapon Systems Modernization Policy as a Geopolitical Strategy in Southeast Asia, 2020–2025 Yasmin, Muhammad Al Fajar; Prayuda, Rendi; Sary, Dian Venita
Kemudi Vol 10 No 2 (2026): Kemudi: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Pemerintahan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/kemudi.v10i2.8248

Abstract

The geopolitical dynamics of Southeast Asia during the 2020–2025 period have been shaped by intensifying great power rivalry, rising tensions in the South China Sea, and the transformation of security threats toward multidimensional forms, positioning the modernization of Indonesia’s main weapon systems (alutsista) as a critical instrument for strengthening national defense while reinforcing the country’s geopolitical posture. This study analyzes Indonesia’s defense modernization policy as a geopolitical strategy and identifies structural constraints affecting its implementation through a qualitative descriptive policy analysis based on literature review and secondary data from defense policy documents, government reports, and international security publications, grounded in realist theory and foreign policy analysis that emphasize the state’s role within an anarchic system characterized by power competition and security dilemmas. The findings indicate that modernization performs a dual defense–geopolitical function by enhancing military readiness, supporting Minimum Essential Force (MEF) targets, strengthening deterrence, maintaining regional balance of power, and elevating Indonesia’s strategic bargaining position; however, its effectiveness remains constrained by limited defense budgets, technological dependence on foreign suppliers, underdeveloped domestic defense industry capacity, and inconsistent long-term strategic planning. The study also evaluates modernization through indicators of deterrence posture, strategic signaling, and defense industrial autonomy to measure its geopolitical effectiveness beyond material capability enhancement. The study concludes that the success of defense modernization as a geopolitical strategy depends on the integrated alignment of defense policy, defense diplomacy, and national defense industrial development to achieve sustainable strategic autonomy and reinforce regional stability amid intensifying geopolitical competition