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Atika Sunarto
Universitas Prima Indonesia
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Influence Law International to Policy National Law in Developing Countries in Right Basic Man Sunarto, Atika; Rumapea, Mazmur Septian; Adnan, Muhammad Ali; Khair, Azizan
SASI Volume 31 Issue 1, March 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v31i1.2817

Abstract

Introduction: The issue of the relationship between international law and national legal policies in developing countries, especially in the context of human rights (HAM), is increasingly relevant in contemporary international law studies. Developing countries often face significant challenges in integrating international human rights standards into their domestic legal systems.Purposes of the Research: This study aims to analyze the influence of international law on national legal policies in developing countries in the context of human rights.Methods of the Research: The method used in this study is the normative legal research method with a literature study approach, which includes an analysis of various national laws and international legal instruments related to human rights. In addition, this study also refers to the results of academic studies, reports from international human rights institutions, and official documents from organizations such as the United Nations (UN) and the National Human Rights Commission. This approach provides a more comprehensive picture of the implementation of international human rights standards in developing countries.Results Main Findings of the Research: The results main findings of the study show that although many developing countries have ratified various international instruments, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, their implementation is often hampered by various domestic factors. Inconsistencies between international obligations and national conditions are major obstacles, exacerbated by political instability, weak state institutions, limited resources, and tensions between international norms and local cultures. In addition, political resistance to the implementation of international human rights policies is also a significant challenge, especially in countries that prioritize political or economic interests over commitment to global human rights standards.
Customary Law for Equitable Spatial Planning: Preventing Social Bankruptcy and Enhancing Community Welfare Adnan, Muhammad Ali; Sunarto, Atika; Khair, Azizan
SASI Volume 32 Issue 1, March 2026 (In Progress Issue)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v32i1.3467

Abstract

Introduction: This study examines the role of customary law as an instrument for equitable spatial planning in preventing socio-economic bankruptcy and enhancing the welfare of indigenous communities in Indonesia. As a living and dynamic legal system, customary law embodies values of ecological balance, deliberation, and restrictions on land conversion without community consent. However, in practice, many regional spatial planning policies have failed to integrate customary norms, resulting in spatial conflicts and social disintegration.Purposes of the Research:  The research aims to analyze how customary law can serve as both a normative and practical foundation for equitable spatial planning, and how integrating local values can prevent social bankruptcy while strengthening the welfare of indigenous peoples.Methods of the Research: This study employs a normative-juridical approach combined with socio-legal analysis to examine the interaction between statutory law and customary practices in spatial management, supported by case studies of customary land conflicts in Salang Tungir Village (Deli Serdang Regency) and Aras Napal Village (Langkat Regency).Results of the Research: Findings indicate that neglecting customary law norms in spatial planning leads to the loss of community access to productive spaces, weakens local economies, and triggers social conflicts. Conversely, applying customary law in spatial planning—through recognition of customary rights, consent mechanisms, and active community participation—fosters spatial justice and enhances community welfare. This study introduces the concept of “customary law-based spatial planning,” which integrates local values with principles of social and ecological justice in national spatial planning policies, offering a framework for more inclusive and sustainable development.
Co-Authors Adnan, Ali Aisyah Aisyah Ali Adnan Anggraini, Putri Arditha Anggraeni, Ajeng Hanum Aruan, Anri Penataran Azizan Khair Christina Karo Karo Derisman Zebua Desnico Parhusip Dicky Alfredo Ginting Efendi, Stanley A. Elvira Fitryani Pakpahan Geraldine, Ananda Gideon Gultom, Sanjaya Gulo, Nestiani Iin Hotprinauli Purba Kaur, Pawiter Dinsha Kelly Kelly Kelly Kelly Keren Trifena Ompusunggu Khair, Azizan Maharani Maharani, Maharani Malau, Steven Canisius Marlina Elisabeth Pakpahan Mashita Margaretha Manurung Mazmur Septian Rumapea Monica Monica, Monica MUHAMMAD ALI ADNAN Muhammad Arif Prasetyo Nainggolan, Samuel Natal, Inson Putra Noor, Tajuddin O.K. Isnainu Puspita Grace Angelia Lumbantobing Rodiatun Adawiyah Ronal Pranata Manullang Ruben Rezeky Sianturi Santo Satria Simanjuntak Siburian, Sukses M P Simarmata, Lucky Every Siringo Ringo, Gideon Sitompul, Aryo Stanley A. Efendi Suhaila Zulkifli Tajuddin Noor Tajuddin Noor Tajuddin Noor Tarigan, Erlangga P Suranta Taris Arrofi, Ahmad Widodo Ramadhana Yanti Agustina Manik Zendrato, Rizaldo zulkifli, suhaila zulkifli