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Risiko Reaktivasi Tuberkulosis Laten pada Terapi COVID-19 Abas, Ghina Mutiara; Sjatha, Fithriyah; Rosana, Yeva
Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Vol 6 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/JBiomedKes.2023.v6.363-372

Abstract

The high mortality rate among COVID-19 patients in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) phase led to the administration of immunosuppressive drugs. Corticosteroids could block inflammation caused by cytokine storm, and prevent pneumonia, edema, fibrosis, and ARDS. Even though it was believed to have beneficial effects, corticosteroids can suppress T CD4+ and CD8+ cell-mediated immunity reaction through decreased IFNγ production thus leading to reactivation of latent Tuberculosis (LTBI). Therefore, the usage of corticosteroids in the ARDS phase of COVID-19 patients should be carefully given; pre-screening of LTBI may be done to avoid Tuberculosis reactivation.
Profile of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang Rosana, Yeva; Herliyana, Lina; Krisandi, Grady; Anggraini Suwarsono, Erike
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.303-313

Abstract

Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by bacteria occupy the second highest rank of common infectious diseases in the world. Empirical use of antibiotics may give rise to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria because of irrational prescription. Choice of antibiotics to treat UTIs is limited because of MDR bacteria. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the bacterial antibiotic susceptibility patterns in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang. Methods Bacterial isolates were obtained from midstream urine specimens from 43 inpatients and 43 outpatients with UTIs in Jakarta and Tangerang. Bacteria were isolated on blood and MacConkey agar media using colony count method. Isolate identification and their susceptibility patterns were performed using VITEK2 compact system according to manufacturers’ instructions. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results A total of 89 bacterial isolates consisting of 15 bacterial species were successfully isolated from 86 specimens. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common etiology of UTIs in inpatients and outpatients. MDR bacteria were found in 52 of the 89 isolates. ESBL-producing E. coli was the most common MDR bacteria. ESBL-producing E. coli and other MDR bacteria showed good susceptibility to ertapenem, meropenem, amikacin, and tigecycline. There were no significant differences regarding the MDR bacterial count in inpatients and outpatients (p=0.521). Conclusion E. coli was found to be the most common MDR bacteria causing UTIs in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang. Higher resistance to many antibiotics was found in MDR bacterial isolates in inpatients compared to outpatients. MDR bacteria in outpatient UTIs were highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics.
Optimization of Duplex Real-time PCR to Detect Corynebacterium ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis from Patients with Suspected Diphtheria in Jakarta Doni Usman; Yeva Rosana; Andi Yasmon
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Vol 12, No 2, 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i2.319

Abstract

Introduction. Diphtheria infection remains a serious public health problem in many countries with low vaccine coverage. Molecular detection plays an important role in controlling disease dissemination. Among more than 122 Corynebacterium species, only three are potentially toxigenic: C. diphtheriae, C. ulcerans, and C. pseudotuberculosis. Infections caused by C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis in humans usually involve close animal contact. Due to the many difficulties in identifying C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis, this study aimed to optimize Duplex Real-time PCR for rapid and precise detection. Method. Duplex real-time PCR was performed by using 2 pairs of primers and a probe to detect C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis. All parameters were optimized to maximize PCR amplification. Then, the primer set's specificity was tested against some microorganisms. The sensitivity test of DNA was conducted to get the detection limit. Results: Optimization of real-time PCR was conducted to achieve optimal amplification conditions.  Annealing temperature 57 °C, Optimization of primer and probe concentration of 0.45 μM and 0.50 μM for C. ulcerans, Primer and probe concentrations of 0.35 μM for C. pseudotuberculosis yielded optimal results. The detection limit of DNA of duplex real-time PCR for C. ulcerans was 4.49 DNA copy number and 1.06 DNA copy number for C. pseudotuberculosis. Conclusion. Duplex Real-time PCR optimization result can be used as a detection of C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis for effective control of dissemination in the population. PCR results showed that all 108 clinical specimens suspect diphtheria were negative for C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis.
Molecular Viability Assay: Improving Leprosy Diagnosis beyond Current Gold Standard Clara Imaniar; Ibnu Agus Ariyanto; Yeva Rosana
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 26 No. 04 (2025): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol26-iss04/568

Abstract

Neglected tropical diseases are still part of the health problems faced by the world. One of the neglected tropical diseases that has not yet reached 100% elimination is leprosy. Mycobacterium leprae is the pathogen responsible for leprosy, a chronic infectious disease that affects the skin and peripheral nerves and can lead to significant disability if left untreated. Currently, the gold standard for diagnosis is detecting acid-fast bacilli (AFB) with Ziehl-Neelsen staining; however, this method cannot distinguish between living and dead bacteria, complicating treatment assessment, relapse detection, and resistance tracking. Therefore, more accurate diagnostic instruments that can differentiate bacterial viability are needed. Since M.leprae cannot be cultured in artificial media, molecular-based assays are promising tools for rapid diagnosis. This study aims to identify recent assays for assessing bacterial viability in leprosy. Articles used are limited to the publication year between 2019 until 2024 from databases such as PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus and Google Scholar, using PRISMA methods. After filtration, from 143 articles we found 5 articles that discussed the viability of leprosy-causing bacteria. The selected studies showed that molecular assays to determine bacterial viability can be used and explored to strengthen the existing gold standard for monitoring treatment of leprosy patients
Short Communication: Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from Jakarta, Indonesia based on partial rpoB gene Andi Yasmon; YEVA ROSANA; DONI USMAN; LUH INTA PRILANDARI; TEGUH SARRY HARTONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210726

Abstract

Abstract. Yasmon A, Rosana Y, Usman D, Prilandari LI, Hartono TS. 2020. Short Communication: Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from Jakarta, Indonesia based on partial rpoB gene. Biodiversitas 21: 3070-3075. Indonesia is a developing country with the greatest potential of diphtheria, so accurate identification is needed to detect C. diphtheriae. The genetic relationship analysis is important to be determined so that this transmittable disease can be prevented. In this study, we reported the identification and phylogenetic analysis of C. diphtheriae based on partial rpoB gene. Twelve samples from throat swabs of diphtheria suspected patients from 2018 to 2019 were used in this study. The result of VITEK 2 ANC-Automated Testing identified that all isolates were C. diphtheriae. However, the identification based on partial rpoB gene analysis showed that only 10 out of 12 isolates were C. diphtheriae, while 2 other isolates were C. argentoratense. Of 10 C. diphtheriae strains/isolates, 2 strains were unique for Indonesia. Thus, it is needed to evaluate the accuracy of VITEK 2 ANC-Automated Testing and to conduct further comprehensive studies on the genetic relationships of C. diphtheriae strains based on multiple virulence genes, multilocus sequence typing and/or whole-genome analysis.