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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Reaktor JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Ilmu Dasar Jurnal Kimia Khatulistiwa PRISMA FISIKA ELKHA : Jurnal Teknik Elektro Jurnal Teknik Sipil Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Jurnal Kimia Riset Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah
Berlian Sitorus
Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Unversitas Tanjungpura
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Public Health Other

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ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA FENOLIK DARI DAUN PUTAT (Planchonia valida Blume) (ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUND FROM PUTAT LEAVES (Planchonia valida Blume)) syafri syamsudin; Andi Hairil Alimuddin; Berlian Sitorus
Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol 5, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Tanjungpura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (376.476 KB) | DOI: 10.26418/indonesian.v5i2.56554

Abstract

Gallic acid have been isolated from the leaves of the Putat plant (Planchonia valida Blume). This study aimed to isolate and characterize isolates from Putat leaves by phytochemical and FTIR spectrophotometry. The research procedures included extraction by maceration, partitioning by fractionation, vacuum liquid chromatography (KCV), gravity column chromatography (KKG), thin layer chromatography (TLC), and FTIR analysis. A total of 1400 grams of putat leaf powder was macerated to produce 159.243 grams (11.38%) of methanol extract. A total of 101 grams of methanol extract was dechlorophyllated to obtain 21.430 grams (21.21%) of dechlorophyllated extract. The dechlorophyllated extract was partitioned gradually with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to produce n-hexane fractions of 0.341 grams (1.591%), and ethyl acetate of 10.143 grams (47.33%), and methanol of 9.170 grams (42.79%). A phytochemical test showed that in the dechlorophyllated extract, the methanol and ethyl acetate fractions contained alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenoids while the n-hexane fraction contained alkaloids and flavonoids. A total of 7 grams of ethyl acetate fraction was fractionated by vacuum liquid chromatography to produce fractions B1 to B8. The B4 fraction was continued to the separation step by gravity column chromatography so that the fractions S1 to S9 were obtained. The S4 fraction was continued to the separation stage using preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) to produce isolates S4.1 to S4.5. Isolate S4.1 was tested for purity by two-dimensional TLC showed that the isolate was not pure. The results of the phytochemical test with 5% FeCl3 spray reagent indicated a positive phenolic compound which was strengthened by FTIR characterization of the presence of –OH, -CH aromatic, -CH aliphatic, C=C, C=O and C-O goups. Based on these results, it was concluded that the isolate from the dechlorophyllated extract of Putat leaves belonged to phenolic compounds.
EFFECT OF SONICATION ON THE PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE POLYPYRROLE/MICROCELLULOSE AND ITS POTENTIAL AS A CAPACITOR Berlian Sitorus; Deni Pranata; Mariana Bara’allo Malino
Jurnal Kimia Riset Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Campus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkr.v7i2.39416

Abstract

The research aims to see the effect of sonication on the properties and capacitance of composites made of microcellulose isolated from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Polypyrrole (PPy). PPy is a conductive polymer limited by its inflexibility; hence PPy is blended with microcellulose which can serve as a good matrix to increase the flexibility of PPy. The procedure to isolate the microcellulose was done by delignification, bleaching, and hydrolysis. In order to see the effect of sonication, hydrolysis was undertaken in two different ways : (i) without sonication and (ii) using sonication. Besides, the polymerization time for pyrrole was also varied: 4 and 16 hours and simultaneously composited with each microcellulose from (i) and (ii). The results show an increase in cellulose crystallinity from  35.6% without sonication to 40% after sonication, while the diameter of the sonicated microcellulose fibers tends to be smaller than the counterpart. The 4-hour polymerization time shows that the composite containing the unsonicated microcellulose has a higher capacitance than the composite with the sonicated microcellulose, 14.8 nF and 8.8 nF, respectively. Meanwhile, a similar capacitance is measured for the 16-hour polymerization, 1.90 nF and 2.68 nF, using the sonicated and un-sonicated microcellulose. Overall, although the capacitances of the composites are in the nanofarad scale, it can be said that the composite can be potentially used as a capacitor.
Adsorpsi Logam Cd Menggunakan α-Selulosa dari Kulit Buah Nanas Mandasari, Weni; Sitorus, Berlian; Rudiyansyah, Rudiyansyah
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah Vol 11, No 2 (2023): Juli 2023
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jtllb.v11i2.66762

Abstract

Pineapple fruit is widely consumed that impact on the waste produced. One of which is pineapple peel has a high cellulose content of around 69.5-71%. In this research, the synthesis of α-cellulose from pineapple peel was tings in order produce an adsorbent for Cd2+ metal ions. The prepared pineapple peel powder was delignified using 2% NaOH to remove lignin, were delignified again using 18% NaOH. The α-cellulose formed was bleached using 3.5% NaOCl. α-cellulose was hydrolyzed using H2SO4 with various concentrations of 2, 3 and 4%. The goal is to determine the optimum absorption of the adsorbent. Based on this research, it was found that the maximum adsorption capacity was obtained at 4% H2SO4 variation  which is 108 mg/g and an efficiency of 54%. The adsorption isotherm model on cellulose meets the assumptions of chemical, and physical adsorption as shown by the R2 value of 0.999. Chemical adsorption (Langmuir isotherm) is indicated by the reaction of the OH group with the metal ion Cd2+. Physical adsorption (Freundlich isotherm) that occurs at heterogeneous adsorption sites supported by changes in surface area (BET) values.
Microcellulose from Betel Husk Fiber as Filler in Bioplastic Kuswariyah, Ratmi; Sitorus, Berlian; Adhitiyawarman, Adhitiyawarman; Antonius, Antonius
Jurnal ILMU DASAR Vol 24 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jid.v24i1.34023

Abstract

Betel nut husk fiber has a reasonably high cellulose content. Meanwhile, bioplastics nowadays are mostly made of Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA), with one of its limitations being tensile strength and other properties regarding mechanical. Thus, this study aims to isolate microcellulose from areca nut fiber and use the fiber as a filler in bioplastic, where cellulose is combined with PVA. The intention is to understand the effect of adding microcellulose from betel nut fibers on the properties, including the biodegradability of PVA-based bioplastic films. This research has three steps: isolating cellulose from betel nut peel fibers by delignification, pulping, and bleaching. The next step is hydrolysis to obtain microcellulose. The last is the preparation of bioplastic films using the solution casting method, with five different ratios of microcellulose content in the bioplastic. The cellulose characterization from FTIR spectra shows the absorption of several peaks, such as O-H, C-H, and C-O functional groups. The mechanical testing results on the variation of bioplastic show that the bioplastic with the best characteristics was PL5, which has the highest microcellulose content, 8 MPa and 10.2% for tensile strength and elongation, respectively. The biodegradation test for bioplastic variation (PL5) was 82% within eight weeks, while in Indonesian National Standard (SNI) number 7188.7:2016, it is 100% within 60 days.
Extraction of Scandium and Removal of Iron from Bauxite Residue using Hydrochloric Acid Solution with/without Addition of EDTA Sitorus, Berlian; Reva, Mincen; Syahbanu, Intan
Reaktor Volume 24 No.3 December 2024
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.24.3.76-81

Abstract

Scandium (Sc) is a strategic metal for its increasing demand for advanced materials applications. As a by-product of alumina production, bauxite residues possess a potential source of Sc. However, its high iron content hinders the Sc extraction efficiency. This study investigated the feasibility of Sc extraction from bauxite residue using hydrochloric acid (HCl) leaching process, with and without the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent. Bauxite residue samples were characterized for their elemental composition using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Subsequently, leaching experiments were conducted using 6M and 9M HCl solutions. The effect of EDTA on Sc extraction yield and iron dissolution was assessed. The XRF analysis revealed a significant iron content in the bauxite residue, confirming the need for effective iron removal. Hydrochloric acid was found to be effective in leaching iron (Fe) from bauxite residue, as confirmed by the high Fe content in the leachate, and a higher HCl concentration led to a higher Sc2O3 concentration in the residue. Although the addition of EDTA was effective in chelating iron, it also reduced Sc extraction efficiency. The leaching results suggested the use of 9M HCl without the addition of EDTA as the best leaching solution for Sc extraction, yielding a higher Sc recovery compared to extractions using 6M HCl and EDTA. These findings contribute to the understanding of Sc extraction from bauxite residue and provide valuable insights for developing efficient and sustainable recovery processes.
Peningkatan Biodegradabilitas dan Penyerapan Air Akibat Penambahan Mikroselulosa Hasil Isolasi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dalam Bioplastik Sitorus, Berlian; Novianti, Icha; Adhitiyawarman; Antonius
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jstundiksha.v12i2.52469

Abstract

Bioplastik adalah jenis bahan yang cakupannya luas, meliputi plastik berbasis bio (bio-based) tetapi tidak harus biodegradabel ataupun plastik berbahan dasar petrokimia dan bio yang dianggap bersifat biodegradable. Penggunaan bioplastik diharapkan dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan yang diakibatkan sampah plastik konvensional. Namun seringkali sifat fisik dari bioplastik belum sesuai dengan yang diinginkan, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan, misalnya dalam hal kekuatan mekanik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan mikroselulosa hasil isolasi dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit terhadap sifat bioplastik komposit dari PVA-selulosa-asam sitrat-pati-gliserol. Adapun tahapan metode yang dilakukan: preparasi serat, delignifikasi, hidrolisis asam, pembuatan film tipis bioplastik, serta karakterisasi mikroselulosa dan plastik yang dihasilkan. Mikroselulosa hasil isolasi memiliki derajat kristalinitas 39% dan diameter serat ± 8,5 μm. Bioplastik dengan lima variasi penambahan massa mikroselulosa: masing-masing diuji kekuatan mekanik, biodegradabilitas dengan metode soil burial test, dan penyerapan air. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan pengaruh penambahan mikroselulosa terhadap bioplastik, yaitu dalam hal peningkatan kekuatan tarik dari bioplastik menjadi 7 - 8 MPa dan persen elongasi 10-16%. Biodegradabilitas dan penyerapan air dari bioplastik semakin tinggi seiring dengan penambahan jumlah mikroselulosa dalam bioplastik.
Electrical Conductivity of Conducting Polymer Composites based on Conducting Polymer/Natural Cellulose Sitorus, Berlian; Malino, Mariana B
ELKHA : Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol. 13 No. 1 April 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v13i1.46048

Abstract

Merging each of the best properties of components into a composite design or hybrid architecture opens up opportunities to develop electroconductive materials as conducting polymer composite. This work deals with studying the electrical conductivity of conducting polymer composites made of cellulose extracted from two biomass: empty fruit bunch from oil palm and peat soil. Two kinds of conducting polymers have been used to fabricate the composites, i.e. polyaniline and polypyrrole, which are polymerized from their monomers, aniline and pyrrole. The novelty of this research is the using of biomass as the source of cellulose to produced conducting polymer composites by adding conducting polymer as filler into polymer matrix. We report experimental studies about the influence of monomer addition on the electrical conductivity of composites produced. The conductivity of the material was measured by using the Electrochemical Impedance System method. The experiments were carried out as a four-set experiment, using two different cellulose sources, EFB and peat soil, combined with aniline and pyrrole. The mass ratio variations of the monomer: cellulose are 1, 2, 3, and 4. The conductivities of the composites increased when more aniline or pyrrole was blended with the extracted cellulose from each source, either EFB or peat soil. The conductivity of composite PANI/EFB, which is 3.5 ´10-3 - 1.1 ´10-2 S/cm, is in the semiconductor range that makes the composites useful for many applications.
ELEMENTS RESOURCE POTENTIAL IN TAILINGS AT THE TAILING STORAGE FACILITY OF PT. INDONESIA CHEMICAL ALUMINA (PT. ICA), TAYAN DISTRICT, SANGGAU REGENCY, WEST KALIMANTAN Eka, Eka; Setiawati, Septami; Sitorus, Berlian
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 23, No 3 (2023): JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL EDISI AGUSTUS 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jts.v23i3.67309

Abstract

PT Indonesia Chemical Alumina (ICA) is the first Chemical Grade Alumina (CGA) producer company in Indonesia which produces tailings, namely red mud, with ± 30% water content and stored in class III landfill facilities according to PP 101 of 2014 article 146. The stockpile has been mixed with tailing from thermal power station (PLTU) of PT ICA which are fly ash and bottom ash (FABA). This study aimed to determine the area and volume of the pile, analyze the characteristics of the tailings, and identify the potential elemental counts in PT ICA's tailings. The method used is mapping using the DJI Mavic 3 Pro, composite sampling, cone and quartering, and characterization using XRF. The results obtained from drone data were converted to determine the amount of potential in each element. The area and volume of tailing pile are 5.64 hectares and 1,400,459.96 tons. The results of the XRF analysis show that the highest elements and oxide compounds are Fe and Fe2O3 at 69.74% and 60.26%, respectively.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) Nanomaterials from Red Mud Using EDTA as Capping Agent Sitorus, Berlian; Manulang, Yunior Arta Arga; Sasri, Risya; Panjaitan, Seno D.
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 8 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 8 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.8.463-470

Abstract

Hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanomaterials, a stable phase of iron oxide, hold significant potential for diverse materials science and technology applications. In this study, red mud was employed as a low-cost precursor for synthesizing hematite nanomaterials, with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) used as a capping agent to prevent particle agglomeration. The effect of EDTA on particle size and colloidal stability was investigated by comparing three synthesis variations: (a) without EDTA (NPH-1), (b) with EDTA via the precipitation method (NPH-2), and (c) with EDTA via the hydrothermal method (NPH-3). XRD analysis confirmed the formation of crystalline hematite (α-Fe2O3) in all samples. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed absorption bands at 1624 cm−1 and 1382 cm−1, corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of the carboxylate (COO−) group, respectively. The difference in these wavenumbers suggests monodentate coordination between the carboxyl groups of EDTA and the hematite nanoparticle surfaces. Particle size analysis indicated that the EDTA-assisted synthesis via precipitation (NPH-2) produced the smallest average particle size (149.6 nm) with a narrow size distribution, as reflected by a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.43. Furthermore, this sample demonstrated enhanced colloidal stability with a zeta potential of −34.0 mV. These findings suggest that the synthesized α-Fe2O3 nanomaterials produced with narrow particle size distribution and high colloidal stability, are promising for visible-light photocatalysis.
Co-Authors Adhitiyawarman, Adhitiyawarman Andi Hairil Alimuddin Antonius Antonius Antonius Deni Pranata Eka, Eka Jimmy Jimmy Kuswariyah, Ratmi Malino, Mariana B Mandasari, Weni Manulang, Yunior Arta Arga Mariana Bara Malino Mariana Bara’allo Malino Novianti, Icha Reva, Mincen Rudiyansyah Rudiyansyah Sasri, Risya Seno Darmawan Panjaitan Setiawati, Septami Sukandar Sukandar syafri syamsudin Syahbanu, Intan Yandri Yandri