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Perilaku Maternal Dan Kesejahteraan Tapir Asia (Tapirus Indicus) Di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda; Ananda, Syafira Dwi
JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Mei 2023
Publisher : Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36722/sst.v8i2.1655

The asian tapir (Tapirus indicus) population continues to decline so the IUCN establishes its conservation status as endangered. One of the conservation efforts that can be done is ex-situ in the zoo. The environmental condition of the zoo is different from their natural habitat which results in asian tapirs having to adapt. One form of adaptation is behavior change that can be experienced by female asian tapir. Behavioral changes such as not wanting to breastfeed can threaten the survival of their offspring. This study aims to identify the maternal behavior of asian tapirs through daytime activities, determine the response of its calf, and determine the welfare of asian tapir in Taman Margasatwa Ragunan (TMR). Observations were made on one female asian tapir and one asian tapir calf. The observation was done from 9.00 to 14.00 during August 2022 and uses the focal animal sampling method. The results show that the mother does more self care than maternal care. Maternal behavior that is carried out are nurse and social. The calf responds by sniffing its mother’s stomach to suckle and approach its mother’s body. The five animal welfare points are fulfilled in asian tapir at TMR.Keywords – Asian tapir, Daily behavior, Maternal care, Tapirus indicus

Perilaku Gajah Sumatra (Elephas maximus sumatranus) Betina pada Kandang Dalam di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, Jakarta Firmanza, Nasya Aqila; Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda
JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 8, No 1 (2023): Januari 2023
Publisher : Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36722/sst.v8i1.1671

Gajah sumatra (Elephas maximus sumatranus) adalah satwa yang mempunyai ikatan keluarga yang kuat dan sistem sosial matriarki yang dipimpin oleh gajah betina dewasa dominan. Kondisi dan perilaku gajah di habitat aslinya tentu berbeda dibandingkan di penangkaran seperti kebun binatang. Taman Margasatwa Ragunan (TMR) merupakah salah satu wilayah konservasi ex-situ. Pengamatan perilaku antargajah betina di kawasan ex-situ penting dilakukan karena bertujuan untuk mengamati dan menganalisis interaksi yang ada antargajah betina pada kandang dalam di TMR. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati perilaku individu dan perilaku sosial antarbetina pada tiga individu gajah sumatra betina yang terdiri dari dua ekor gajah dewasa dan satu ekor gajah anakan yang berada bersama di kandang dalam. Metode yang digunakan adalah scan animal sampling. Hasil pengamatan yaitu perilaku individu gajah sumatra betina pada kandang dalam di TMR didominasi oleh perilaku bergerak dan perilaku sosial antargajah sumatra betina didominasi oleh perilaku mengejar gajah lain. Hasil pengamatan perilaku antargajah betina pada setiap individu gajah berbeda dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal gajah dan lingkungan sekitar.Keywords – Elephas maximus, female sumatran elephant, individual behavior, social behavior

Understanding Orangutan Reproduction: Biological Aspects, Climate Change, and Contaminant Exposure Saka, Raisa Tatum; Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda; Ariantie, Oriza Savitri
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v8i1.26876

Orangutans are arboreal primates and the only great apes native to Asia. Reproduction is crucial for the survival and long-term viability of orangutan populations. This review explores orangutan reproductive biology, focusing on its key features and the potential influences of environmental change. Orangutan (Pongo spp.) reproduction is marked by delayed sexual maturation, long interbirth intervals, and intensive maternal care, reflecting a slow life history strategy. Male bimaturism produces flanged and unflanged forms, each with different mating strategies shaped by social context. Female strategies, such as mate selection and resistance to coercive mating, play a critical role in reproductive outcomes. Climate change, through shifts in rainfall and temperature, is expected to affect food availability, potentially disrupting reproductive timing and offspring survival. The increasing presence of nanoparticles is also considered an emerging threat, though data specific to primates remains limited. Conservation efforts have focused on habitat protection, conflict mitigation, and ex-situ management, including rehabilitation and management of captive individuals in zoos; however, cryopreservation remains largely unexplored.

Understanding Orangutan Reproduction: Biological Aspects, Climate Change, and Contaminant Exposure Saka, Raisa Tatum; Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda; Ariantie, Oriza Savitri
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v8i1.26876

Orangutans are arboreal primates and the only great apes native to Asia. Reproduction is crucial for the survival and long-term viability of orangutan populations. This review explores orangutan reproductive biology, focusing on its key features and the potential influences of environmental change. Orangutan (Pongo spp.) reproduction is marked by delayed sexual maturation, long interbirth intervals, and intensive maternal care, reflecting a slow life history strategy. Male bimaturism produces flanged and unflanged forms, each with different mating strategies shaped by social context. Female strategies, such as mate selection and resistance to coercive mating, play a critical role in reproductive outcomes. Climate change, through shifts in rainfall and temperature, is expected to affect food availability, potentially disrupting reproductive timing and offspring survival. The increasing presence of nanoparticles is also considered an emerging threat, though data specific to primates remains limited. Conservation efforts have focused on habitat protection, conflict mitigation, and ex-situ management, including rehabilitation and management of captive individuals in zoos; however, cryopreservation remains largely unexplored.

Diversity of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Endangered Sumatran Elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1847) at Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, Jakarta Selatan Rosame, Ilmia; Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda; Zain, Siti Nursheena Mohd
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 6 (2025): June
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i6.11394

Parasitic infections in elephants in captivity is not well studied. Animals in captivity are susceptible to parasitic infections because they are prone to stress, which reduces their immune response. Therefore, this study aimed to identify gastrointestinal parasite infections among captive sumatran elephants in Taman Margasatwa Ragunan (TMR). A total of 86 fecal samples were obtained from 4 individual Sumatran elephants, conducted in October-December 2024. Screening of GIPs was carried out using the concentration sedimentation method. A total of 3 GIPs were recovered with the prevalence of hookworm and Balantidium coli is the highest (100%) and Strongyloides sp. (25%). Although there are some parasites found in faeces, Sumatran elephants in TMR There are no specific symptoms associated with the parasite. There is no parasite prevention and control management, such as routine monitoring or administration of anti-parasitic drugs to elephants at TMR. Management and control of parasitic infections needs to be improved to prevent the infection from getting worse and suppress parasite transmission.

Prevalensi Parasit Gastrointestinal pada Owa Jawa (Hylobates moloch, Audebert, 1797) yang Terancam Punah di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, Jakarta Selatan Sukmaningrum, Anisa Putri; Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda; Zain, Siti Nursheena Mohd
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 7 (2025): July
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i7.11392

Primates living in cages are highly susceptible to parasitic infections. Assessing the level of parasitic infection in endangered animals is important to support animal welfare and develop conservation strategies. The infection status of endoparasites in Javan gibbons has been little reported. This study aimed to identify endoparasites and their prevalence in Javan gibbons in Taman Margasatwa Ragunan (TMR). Fecal samples (N=80) were collected from 4 individual Javan gibbons (1 adult male, 2 adult females, and 1 infant male) in October-December 2024. Fecal samples were preserved with 10% formalin solution and analyzed by the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation method. As a result, eggs of the order Strongylida, order Rhabditida (Strongyloides sp.), and order Enoplida (Trichuris trichiura) were found. Adult males were positively infected with worms of the Strongylida order, whereas infant males were infected with Strongyloides sp. and T. trichiura with a prevalence of 25%. The endoparasites found in this study are common in captive and wild Javan gibbons. To prevent an increase in infection, direct contact between humans (keepers/visitors) and Javan gibbons should be strictly prevented. This information is useful in developing a health management program for Javan gibbons in TMR as well as completing information related to endoparasites in Javan gibbons in cages.

Nest Building Ability and Nest Characteristic of Pre-release Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) in Jerora Forest School, Sintang Orangutan Center, West Kalimantan Indriastuti, Hapsari; Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda; Setia, Tatang Mitra
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 7 (2025): July
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i7.11447

Rescue, rehabilitation, and release is one of the strategies for orangutan conservation. Jerora Forest School, Sintang Orangutan Center, West Kalimantan, is a place to rehabilitate orangutan. One of the criteria for orangutan to be ready for release is the ability to build nests. The objective of this study was to analyze the nest building ability and nest characteristic preferences of four pre-release female bornean orangutans (Jamilah, Penai, Joss, and Bondan) in Jerora Forest School. Data was collected in November 2024 to January 2025 using the focal animal sampling, ad libitum sampling, and continuous recording methods. Three out of four female pre-release bornean orangutans (Jamilah, Joss, and Bondan) are categorized as moderate on their ability to build nest, while Penai is less capable. Nest trees used by the juvenile orangutan are more diverse than the ones used by the adult orangutan. The characteristics of the nests used by the research subjects were relatively similar across each age group. Nest trees used by the juvenile orangutans are more diverse than the ones used by the adult orangutans. Based on the nest building observation, Jamilah, Joss, and Bondan are ready to be released, while Penai is not ready to be released yet.

Daily Behavior of Reintroduction Candidate Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) at Jerora Forest School, Sintang Orangutan Center, West Kalimantan Halim, Nauhal Nazri; Sjahfirdi, Luthfiralda; Setia, Tatang Mitra
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 7 (2025): July
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i7.11454

Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) in captivity require time to be released in order to survive in their natural habitat. This study aims to analyze the daily behavior of orangutans awaiting release at the Jerora Forest School, Sintang Orangutan Center, West Kalimantan. The study was conducted using a focused animal observation method with 5-minute intervals without breaks and without time restrictions. Observations were made on two female orangutans, Jamilah (24 years old) and Penai (21 years old). The results of the data analysis showed that Jamilah's feeding behavior occurred in the enclosure (41.89%) and cage (38.49%), while Penai's feeding behavior occurred in the enclosure (31.41%) and cage (41.22%). The least frequent behavior was playing, with Jamilah playing in the enclosure (4.87%) and cage (3.95%) and Penai playing in the enclosure (4.02%) and cage (3.84%). Jamilah's arboreal movement behavior was 62% and Penai's was 82%. The observation results indicate that Jamilah is more ready for release than Penai based on the orangutan release readiness criteria cited from the Orangutan Conservation and Reintroduction Workshop in 2002.

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