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SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF RC HOLLOW RECTANGULAR BRIDGE PIERS RETROFITTED BY CONCRETE JACKETING CONSIDERING THE INITIAL LOAD AND INTERFACE SLIP Suarjana, Made; Octora, Daniel Dixon; Riyansyah, Muhammad
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 52, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2020.52.3.4

In design practice, the assumptions that are used in retrofitting concrete structural elements often ignore the initial load and the interface slip on the contact surfaces between the old and the new concrete. The concrete structural elements that are loaded by the existing gravity load cause initial strain on the existing cross-section before jacketing is applied, while the interface does not act in a fully composite manner. In this study, a seismic performance evaluation using pushover analysis was performed of a damaged reinforced concrete bridge pier retrofitted with concrete jacketing, where the plastic hinge of the retrofitted elements was modeled by considering both parameters. The results showed that concrete jacketing could increase the capacity of the bridge structure. It was also found from the numerical result that the performance level of the bridge considering the initial load compared to the monolithic approach gave the same result since the initial load did not significantly affect the cross-sectional ultimate capacity. The difference between the ultimate capacity values computed by the two models was less than 7%. It was also shown that the interface slip had a significant effect with a slip coefficient smaller than 0.5.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF EXISTING SPECIAL BRIDGES IN INDONESIA BASED ON SNI 1725:2016 AND SNI 2833:2016 (CASE STUDY OF DR. IR. SOEKARNO BRIDGE) Sinatra, Frans; Riyansyah, Muhammad; Suarjana, Made
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 27, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2020.27.1.6

AbtractExisting special bridges such as cable-stayed bridges which are complex in structure need to be evaluated against SNI 1725:2016 and SNI 2833:2016. Dr. Ir. Soekarno Bridge located in Manado, North Sulawesi, was used as case study. Analysis based on the performance of the bridge was conducted using the Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis (NSPA) with three different load distributions and Nonlinear Time History Analysis (NLTHA). Due to the standard load of the bridge, the deflection was still below the allowable deflection. Girder has an overstress of 12% in the Service Ic combination. The cable also has overstress in Cable 7 between 0.4% and 6.2%. Lower segment pylon capacity was exceeded by earthquake load combination of 28%. Bridge performance shows that the bridge structure was at fully operational performance level and the element performance was at immediate occupancy level, each method shows different result in base shear and displacement. The result shows that re-evaluation for existing special bridges is required. The bridge performance has different base shear and displacement for each method. Nonlinear Time History Analysis is the better option for special bridge, Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis method requires a further study to determine the ideal load distribution for special bridge because the load distribution is crucial to determine the result of pushover analysis. AbstrakJembatan khusus eksisting seperti jembatan cable stayed yang sangat kompleks perlu dievaluasi kinerjanya terhadap SNI 1725:2016 dan SNI 2833:2016. Studi kasus pada penelitian ini adalah Jembatan DR. Ir. Soekarno di Kota Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Dilakukan pula analisis berdasarkan kinerja dengan Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis dengan tiga pola beban dan Nonlinear Time History Analysis. Akibat beban standar jembatan, lendutan yang terjadi masih dibawah lendutan ijin. Girder mengalami kelebihan tegangan sebesar 12% pada kombinasi beban Layan Ic. Kabel juga terjadi kelebihan tegangan pada Kabel 7 antara 0,4% sampai 6,2%. Kapasitas pylon segmen bawah terlampaui oleh kombinasi beban gempa sebesar 28%. Analisis kinerja struktur jembatan dengan dua metode didapatkan bahwa tingkat kinerja struktur adalah fully operational dan kinerja elemen adalah immediate occupancy, akan tetapi nilai base shear dan perpindahan berbeda untuk masing-masing metode. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa jembatan khusus eksisting perlu di evaluasi ulang terhadap peraturan terbaru. Kinerja jembatan dengan dua analisis nonlinier yang dilakukan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda, Nonlinear Time History Analysis tetap menjadi metode yang lebih baik untuk jembatan khusus sedangkan metode Nonlinier Static Pushover Analysis perlu penelitian lanjutan untuk menentukan distribusi beban pushover yang cocok digunakan untuk jembatan cable stayed, mengingat pola distribusi beban sangat menentukan hasil dari analisis pushover.

KONTRIBUSI DISIPLIN BELAJAR DAN MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA Sutrisna Dewi, Komang Mia; Suwatra, Ign. Wayan; Suarjana, Made
Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies Vol 2, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jlls.v2i1.17328

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi disiplin belajar dan motivasi berprestasi terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas V SD di Gugus III Kecamatan Sawan Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian â€œex-post factoâ€ dengan jumlah populasi 163 orang dan jumlah sampel 110 orang. Penentuan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik random sampling. Alat pengumpul data berupa kuesioner dan pencatatan dokumen, analisis data dengan teknik regresi sederhana dan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,475, kontribusi sebesar 22,5%, dan sumbangan efektifnya sebesar 17,29%, 2) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi berprestasi terhadap hasil belajar matematika dengan koefisisen korelasi sebesar 0,573, kontribusi sebesar 32,8%, dan sumbangan efektifnya sebesar 28,21%, 3) secara bersama-sama terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara disiplin belajar dan motivasi berprestasi terhadap hasil belajar matematika dengan koefesien korelasi sebesar 0,675 dan kontribusinya sebesar 45,5% terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas V SD di gugus III Kecamatan Sawan Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018.Â Kata-kata kunci : disiplin belajar, Â hasil belajar, motivasi berprestasi

PENGUJIAN NORSOK STANDARD N-004 (DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES) UNTUK BATANG TUBULAR PENYOK TIDAK DI-GROUT DAN DI-GROUT DENGAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA Ranny Adriana; Made Suarjana
Jurnal Applied Science in Civil Engineering Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Applied Science in Civil Engineering
Publisher : Teknik Sipil Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/asce.v3i1.299566

Abstrak: Struktur anjungan lepas pantai biasanya menggunakan struktur baja tubular sebagai komponen utama penyusunnya. Kerusakan penyok dapat terjadi pada baja tubular akibat tabrakan kapal. Salah satu cara untuk memperbaikinya adalah dengan menerapkan sistem fully grouted. Perumusan mengenai kapasitas beban aksial tekan batang tubular penyok (tanpa grout dan dengan grout) terdapat dalam NORSOK STANDARD N-004 (Design of Steel Structures). Hasil perhitungan berdasarkan NORSOK STANDARD N-004 ini diperiksa dan dianalisis serta dibandingkan dengan hasil dari pemodelan elemen hingga. Dalam penelitian ini, diperoleh bahwa kenaikan kapasitas beban tekuk Euler (beban kritis) rata-rata pada perhitungan NORSOK STANDARD N-004 yaitu 35.86% (min. 20.50% dan maks. 47.44%), dan pada perhitungan pemodelan elemen hingga yaitu 46.30% (min. 44.14% dan maks. 48.27%). Sedangkan perbedaan hasil antara perhitungan berdasarkan NORSOK STANDARD N-004 dan pemodelan elemen hingga, untuk batang tubular penyok tanpa grout memiliki perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 21.24% (min. -1.75% dan maks 41.25%), dan untuk batang tubular penyok dengan grout memiliki perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 32.18% (min. -1.4% dan maks 73.8%).

Behavior of Shear Link of WFSection with Diagonal Web Stiffener of Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) of Steel Structure Yurisman Yurisman; Bambang Budiono; Muslinang Moestopo; Made Suarjana
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 42 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2010.42.2.1

This paper presents results of numerical and experimental study of shear link behavior, utilizing diagonal stiffener on web of steel profile to increase shear link performance in an eccentric braced frame (EBF) of a steel structure system. The specimen is to examine the behavior of shear link by using diagonal stiffener on web part under static monotonic and cyclic load. The cyclic loading pattern conducted in the experiment is adjusted according to AISC loading standards 2005. Analysis was carried out using non-linear finite element method using MSC/NASTRAN software. Link was modeled as CQUAD shell element. Along the boundary of the loading area the nodal are constraint to produce only one direction loading. The length of the link in this analysis is 400mm of the steel profile of WF 200.100. Important parameters considered to effect significantly to the performance of shear link have been analyzed, namely flange and web thicknesses, thickness and length of web stiffener, thickness of diagonal stiffener and geometric of diagonal stiffener. The behavior of shear link with diagonal web stiffener was compared with the behavior of standard link designed based on AISC 2005 criteria. Analysis results show that diagonal web stiffener is capable to increase shear link performance in terms of stiffness, strength and energy dissipation in supporting lateral load. However, differences in displacement ductility's between shear links with diagonal stiffener and shear links based on AISC standards have not shown to be significant. Analysis results also show thickness of diagonal stiffener and geometric model of stiffener to have a significant influence on the performance of shear links. To perform validation of the numerical study, the research is followed by experimental work conducted in Structural Mechanic Laboratory Center for Industrial Engineering ITB. The Structures and Mechanics Lab rotary PAU-ITB. The experiments were carried out using three test specimens with model and dimension identical to the model in the numerical study. Experimental testing apparently has shown results of the same behavior as predicted in the numerical study. However, when it is compared to the shape of the hysterical curve, a slight difference is apparent. This is due to the influence of stiffness of bolt joints and the supports which is difficult to model precisely in the numerical studies.

Confinement of Reinforced-Concrete Columns with NonCode Compliant Confining Reinforcement plus Supplemental Pen-Binder Anang Kristianto; Iswandi Imran; Made Suarjana; Ivindra Pane
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 44 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/itbj.eng.sci.2012.44.3.2

Abstract. One of the important requirements for earthquake resistant building related to confinement is the use of seismic hooks in the hoop or confining reinforcement of reinforced-concrete column elements. However, installation of a confining reinforcement with a 135-degree hook is not easy. Therefore, in practice, many construction workers apply a confining reinforcement with a 90-degree hook (non-code compliant). Based on research and records of recent earthquakes in Indonesia, the use of a non-code compliant confining reinforcement for concrete columns produces structures with poor seismic performance. This paper presents a study that introduces an additional element that is expected to improve the effectiveness of concrete columns confined with a non-code compliant confining reinforcement. The additional element, named a pen-binder, is used to keep the non-code compliant confining reinforcement in place. The effectiveness of this element under pure axial concentric loading was investigatedcomprehensively.The specimens tested in this study were 18 concrete columns,with a cross-section of 170 mm x 170 mm and a height of 480 mm. The main test variables were the material type of the pen-binder, the angle of the hook, and the confining reinforcement configuration.The test results indicate that adding pen -binders can effectively improve the strength and ductility of the column specimens confined with a non-code compliant confining reinforcement.

Prestressed Concrete I-Girder Optimization via Genetic Algorithm Tito Adibaskoro; Made Suarjana
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 51 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2019.51.2.2

Prestressed concrete has been gaining popularity in the construction industry because of its many advantages, which include reduced dead load due to less material used and overall cost savings. Nonetheless, a single prestressed concrete I-girder as a structural element in highway bridges is still significantly costly and massive, so optimization can yield a significant amount of cost savings as well as reduced material consumption. In this study, prestressed concrete I-girder optimization was carried out by implementing a genetic algorithm (GA), a method inspired by nature's evolution and natural selection. This study evaluates a number of aspects of applying a genetic algorithm for optimization of material cost of a prestressed concrete I-girder design. A new method for calculating the fitness value is proposed, which was proven to be essential for the application developed in this study. The best solution that resulted from the optimization process is presented, defined by being the least costly solution while still maintaining compliance with the AASHTO LRFD 2007 design code, which includes ultimate strength, service stresses and deflection, detailing requirements, geometrical feasibility, etc. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis was carried out, discussing the influence of the starting conditions on the output of the optimization process.

Seismic Performance of RC Hollow Rectangular Bridge Piers Retrofitted by Concrete Jacketing Considering the Initial Load and Interface Slip Made Suarjana; Daniel Dixon Octora; Muhammad Riyansyah
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 52 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2020.52.3.4

In design practice, the assumptions that are used in retrofitting concrete structural elements often ignore the initial load and the interface slip on the contact surfaces between the old and the new concrete. The concrete structural elements that are loaded by the existing gravity load cause initial strain on the existing cross-section before jacketing is applied, while the interface does not act in a fully composite manner. In this study, a seismic performance evaluation using pushover analysis was performed of a damaged reinforced concrete bridge pier retrofitted with concrete jacketing, where the plastic hinge of the retrofitted elements was modeled by considering both parameters. The results showed that concrete jacketing could increase the capacity of the bridge structure. It was also found from the numerical result that the performance level of the bridge considering the initial load compared to the monolithic approach gave the same result since the initial load did not significantly affect the cross-sectional ultimate capacity. The difference between the ultimate capacity values computed by the two models was less than 7%. It was also shown that the interface slip had a significant effect with a slip coefficient smaller than 0.5.

Coupling of Finite Element and Boundary Element Methods for Structural Analysis of Shear Wall - Frame Building Made Suarjana; Ari Wibowo
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 17 No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2010.17.1.2

Abstract. In this study a method to couple the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) for solving structural analysis problems is investigated and implemented. The investigation is focused on developing and selecting a practical method for integrating the system of linear equations derived from the FEM and the BEM into a combined global system, and to study the efficiency and accuracy of the coupled method. A coupling method that based on transforming the system of equation from the BEM into a form that can be assembled to the global system of equation of the FEM is implemented. The coupled method is useful for solving structural analysis problem of shear wall-frame building. Shear walls are modeled as plane stress BEM regions, while frames are modeled as beam-column FEM regions. The accuracy and efficiency of the coupled method is studied by solving structural analysis problems of an 8 stories shear wall-frame building model. The coupled FEM and BEM method has been implemented for structural analysis of shear wall-frame building in a personal computer program. The coupled method is much more complicated to implement compared to the FEM. However, the benefit of reduced complexity in mesh generation and increased efficiency in both memory requirement and computing time can be very significant.Abstrak. Pada studi ini diteliti metode untuk menggabungkan metode elemen hingga (FEM) dengan metode elemen batas (BEM) dalam menyelesaikan masalah-masalah analisis struktur. Fokus penelitian adalah mengembangkan dan memilih metode yang praktis untuk menggabungkan sistem persamaan linier yang diturunkan dari FEM dan BEM menjadi satu sistem persamaan global, dan untuk mempelajari efisiensi dan akurasi dari metode gabungan. Metode penggabungan yang diterapkan pada dasarnya mentransformasikan sistem persamaan BEM menjadi bentuk yang dapat dirakit ke sistem persamaan global FEM. Sistem gabungan dipergunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah analisis struktur gedung dengan sistem struktur portal dan dinding geser. Dinding geser dimodelkan dengan BEM plane stress, sedangkan portal dimodelkan dengan FEM balok-kolom. Metode gabungan diterapkan menjadi program komputer. Akurasi dan efisiensi metode gabungan dipelajari dengan menyelesaikan analisis struktur gedung 8 lantai dengan sistem portal-dinding geser. Sistem gabungan lebih rumit dalam proses pemrogramannya, tetapi keuntungan diperoleh dari kemudahan pembuatan model struktur dan peningkatan efisiensi dalam pemakaian memori komputer dan waktu penyelesaian.

Kajian Numerik Terhadap Kinerja Link Geser dengan Pengaku Diagonal pada Struktur Rangka Baja Berpenopang Eksentrik (EBF) Yurisman Yurisman; Bambang Budiono; Muslinang Moestopo; Made Suarjana
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 17 No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2010.17.1.3

Abstrak. Makalah ini menyajikan hasil studi numerik yang meneliti perilaku link geser dengan menggunakan pengaku diagonal pada bagian badan untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya, pada sistem struktur baja berpengaku eksentrik (EBF). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti perilaku link geser dengan menggunakan pengaku diagonal pada bagian badan dibawah pembebanan statik monotonik dan siklik dengan kontrol perpindahan, riwayat pembebanan yang diberikan dalam pengujian ini sesuai dengan standar pembebanan AISC 2005. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan elemen hingga Non-Linier dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak komputer MSC/NASTRAN. Link dimodelkan sebagai elemen shell yang ditumpu pada kedua ujungnya sedangkan beberapa nodal pada posisi pembebanan diperbolehkan untuk bertranslasi dalam satu arah saja (sumbu-y).. Beberapa parameter penting yang dianggap berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja link geser telah dianalisa mencakup: tebal sayap, tebal badan, tebal dan jarak pengaku badan, tebal pengaku diagonal dan geometrik pengaku diagonal. Perilaku link geser dengan pengaku diagonal badan dibandingkan dengan perilaku link standar yang direncanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan AISC 2005. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengaku diagonal badan dapat meningkatkan kinerja link geser dalam hal: kekuatan kekakuan dan dissipasi energi dalam menahan beban lateral. Namun, perbedaan nilai daktilitas antara link geser dengan pengaku diagonal badan dan link geser yang direncanakan sesuai standar AISC tidak begitu signifikan. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan pengaku diagonal dan model geometrik pengaku tersebut berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja link geser. Abstract. This paper presents a numerical study to investigate the behaviour of shear link in case of enhancement of the shear link performance of Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBF) of steel structures by using diagonal web stiffenner. This research aims to investigate the behaviour of shear link with diagonal stiffenner under monotonic and cyclic of loading with displacement control, the loading hystory is applied to the model of link accordance with standard of AISC 2005. Non-Linier Finite Element Method is applied using the computer software of MSC/NASTRAN. Link is modeled as shell element and fixed at its both ends except for degree of freedom of the vertical displacement (y-direction) at the one end where the load is applied. Several important parameters of shear link has ben investigated: the thickness of flange, web and web stiffener, the space of web stiffner, the thickness of diagonal web stiffner and its geometric. The behaviour of shear link with diagonal web stiffener is compared to the behaviour of the link designed in accordance with the AISC 2005 Standard Code of Practice. The results of the analysis show that the diagonal web stiffener increases the performance of the shear link in terms of strength, stiffness, energy dissipation to resist lateral load. However, the difference between the ductilities of the link with diagonal web stiffenner and standard link of AISC Code is not significant. Parameters which are significantly influencing the performance of the shear link are the thickness of diagonal web stiffener and its geometry.

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