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Suliasih Suliasih

Pusat Penelitian Biologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Jln. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong Science Center, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Author-ID : 391040

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Pengaruh Kompos yang Diperkaya Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen dan Pelarut Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kapri dan Aktivitas Enzim Fosfatase dalam Tanah Widawati, S; Suliasih, Suliasih; Muharam, Agus
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

ABSTRAK. Penggunaan pupuk organik dalam budidaya sayuran memiliki beberapa keuntungan, terutama untukmempertahankan kondisi tanah dan menekan penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di DesaCidawu (1.250 m dpl.), Cibodas, Kabupaten Cianjur, Provinsi Jawa Barat, mulai bulan Januari sampai Desember2007. Sampel tanah dikoleksi dari daerah berbeda di Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahuipengaruh kompos yang diperkaya dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat (phosphate solubilizing bacteria=PSB) terhadappertumbuhan tanaman kapri dan aktivitas enzim fosfatase di dalam tanah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acakkelompok dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Varietas kapri yang digunakan ialah varietas lokal. Perlakuanterdiri atas (A) tanpa pupuk, (B) pupuk anorganik (TSP+KCl+Urea), (C) kotoran ayam + sekam, (D) kompos, dan(E) kompos plus, yaitu kompos yang diberi campuran bakteri, yaitu bakteri penambat nitrogen simbiotik, bakteripenambat nitrogen nonsimbiotik, dan bakteri pelarut fosfat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran bakteriyang diisolasi dari tanah gambut di Kalimantan Barat yang terkandung dalam kompos plus dapat beradaptasi denganbaik pada lahan di lokasi penelitian. Populasi total SNFB, NSNFB, dan PSB meningkat masing-masing menjadi 9,15x 108, 9,34 x 108, dan 9,35 x 108 sel/g tanah. Keberadaan campuran bakteri tersebut mampu meningkatkan aktivitasenzim fosfatase asam dan basa di dalam tanah. Peningkatan tertinggi aktivitas enzim fosfomonoesterase asam danbasa dicapai pada perlakuan kompos plus. Perlakuan tersebut juga meningkatkan berat buah kapri dibandingkandengan kontrol (75,32 %), perlakuan pupuk kimia (45,48%), kotoran ayam + sekam ( 31,19 %), dan kompos (15,60%). Pemanfaatan campuran bakteri pelarut fosfat tersebut dalam kompos diharapkan dapat digunakan secara meluasdalam pembudidayaan kapri dalam sistem organic farming (OF), sehingga berperan dalam peningkatan produksi dansekaligus menekan penggunaan pupuk anorganik.ABSTRACT. Widawati, S., Suliasih, and A. Muharam. 2010. The Effect of Compost Enriched with SymbioticNitrogen Fixing and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on the Growth of Peas and the Activity of PhosphataseEnzymes in the Soil. The use of organic materials on cultivation of vegetable crops has some advantages, especiallyfor maintaining suitable soil conditions and decreasing the utilization of inorganic fertilizers. The research wascarried out at Cidawu Village, Cibodas (1,250 m asl.), Cianjur, West Java, from January to December 2007. Soilsamples were collected from some different areas in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. The research was aimed todetermine the effect of compost enriched with mixed phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on the growth of peasand on the activity of phosphatase enzymes in the soil. A randomized block design with five treatments and threereplications was used in the experiment. A local variety of peas was utilized in the experiment. The treatments werethe addition of fertilizers consisted of (A) without any fertilizer, (B) with inorganic fertilizers i.e. TSP+KCl+Urea,(C) with chicken dung + rice husk, (D) with compost, and (E) with compost plus (compost enriched with symbioticnitrogen fixing bacteria/SNFB, nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria/NSNFB, and PSB). The results showed thatthe mixed bacteria isolated from peat soil in West Kalimantan in the compost plus (treatment E) properly adaptedin soil conditions at the site of the experiment. The total populations of SNFB, NSNFB, and PSB were increased upto 9.15 x 108, 9.34 x 108, and 9.35 x 108 cell/g soil, respectively. The occurrence of the mixed bacteria increased theactivity of acid and alkaline phosphatases in the soil. The highest activities of acid and alkaline phosphomonoesteraseenzymes in the soil achieved by the treatment of compost plus. The treatment increased the fresh weight of peascompared to control (75.32 %), to the chemical fertilizers (45.48%), to chicken dung+rice husk ( 31.19 %), and tocompost (15.60 %). The widely application of the mixed PSB in compost is hopefully established in cultivation ofpeas in the organic farming (OF) system, then it will confidently support on the increase of peas production, and thedecrease of inorganic fertilizers as well.

Aplikasi Pupuk Organik dan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat dan Aktivitas Mikroba Tanah Suliasih, Suliasih; Widawati, S; Muharam, Agus
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

ABSTRAK. Pemanfaatan bahan organik untuk budidaya tomat dewasa ini difokuskan untuk menekan penggunaanbahan kimia yang berlebihan, sehingga kerusakan lingkungan dapat diminimalkan. Percobaan dilaksanakan di DesaCidawu, Cibodas, Cianjur (1.250 m dpl.), sejak Januari sampai Desember 2007. Pupuk organik yang digunakanyaitu kompos dan kotoran ayam + sekam, sedangkan pupuk hayati yaitu bakteri pelarut fosfat (phosphatesolubilizing bacteria = PSB). Tujuan percobaan adalah mendapatkan inokulan yang efektif untuk meningkatkanpertumbuhan dan hasil tomat, serta menstimulasi aktivitas mikroba dan enzim fosfatase di dalam tanah. Percobaanmenggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu tanpa pemupukan maupun inokulan (K),pemberian inokulan PSB (P1), pemberian kompos (P2), pemberian kotoran ayam+sekam (P3), dan pemberianpupuk kimia NPK (P4), masing-masing dengan tiga kali ulangan. Varietas tomat yang digunakan adalah Gondol.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik atau inokulan PSB dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhantanaman tomat dan hasil buahnya, serta populasi PSB dan aktivitas enzim fosfatase di dalam tanah. Pemberianinokulan PSB menghasilkan peubah tinggi tanaman tomat tertinggi (108,3 cm) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (72,3cm), dan meningkatkan hasil buah sebanyak 88,2% dibandingkan dengan kontrol, dan juga lebih tinggi daripadapemberian pupuk kimia NPK. Peningkatan tertinggi populasi PSB dan aktivitas enzim fosfatase asam serta basadalam tanah setelah panen tomat juga diperoleh dari pemberian inokulan PSB dibandingkan dengan perlakuanlain. Implementasi inokulan PSB dan pupuk organik secara meluas dalam pembudidayaan tomat diharapkandapat mendorong peningkatan produksi, produktivitas, dan mutu buah tomat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar.ABSTRACT. Suliasih, S. Widawati, and A. Muharam. 2010. The Application of Organic Fertilizers andPhosphate Solubilizing Bacteria to Increase the Growth of Tomato and Soil Microbial Activities. The use oforganic matters on tomato cultivation is focused to decrease the utilization of chemical substances for minimizingenvironmental degradation. An experiment was conducted at Cidawu Village, Cibodas, Cianjur (1,250 m asl.) todetermine the suitable and effective inoculant to increase the growth of tomato plants, and also to stimulate soil microbialactivities. The tomato variety used was Gondol. The organic fertilizers were compost, chicken dung plus rice husk,and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), as a biofertilizer. A randomized block design with three replications wasutilized in this experiment. The treatments consisted of without organic fertilizers or PSB (control) (K), inoculationof PSB (P1), application of compost (P2), (4) application of chicken dung plus rice husk (P3), and application of thechemical fertilizer (NPK) (P4). The results showed that the application of organic fertilizers and PSB increased thegrowth of tomato plants and also PSB population, acid, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the soil after harvesting.The inoculation of PSB resulted in heighest plant height (108.3 cm) compared to control (72.3 cm) and also thehighest tomato yield compared to the control treatment (88.2%), and even it was higher than the yield caused by theapplication of the chemical fertilizer. The highest increase of PSB population and the activities of acid and alkalinephosphatase enzymes in soil after harvesting was also caused by the application of the PSB inoculant compared to theother treatments. The applications of organic fertilizers and PSB for wide scale cultivation of tomato expectantly playan important role for increasing production, productivity, and quality of tomato to fulfill market demand for the product.

Pengaruh Kompos yang Diperkaya Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen dan Pelarut Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kapri dan Aktivitas Enzim Fosfatase dalam Tanah Widawati, S; Suliasih, Suliasih; Muharam, Agus
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 20, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v20n3.2010.p%p

ABSTRAK. Penggunaan pupuk organik dalam budidaya sayuran memiliki beberapa keuntungan, terutama untukmempertahankan kondisi tanah dan menekan penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di DesaCidawu (1.250 m dpl.), Cibodas, Kabupaten Cianjur, Provinsi Jawa Barat, mulai bulan Januari sampai Desember2007. Sampel tanah dikoleksi dari daerah berbeda di Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahuipengaruh kompos yang diperkaya dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat (phosphate solubilizing bacteria=PSB) terhadappertumbuhan tanaman kapri dan aktivitas enzim fosfatase di dalam tanah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acakkelompok dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Varietas kapri yang digunakan ialah varietas lokal. Perlakuanterdiri atas (A) tanpa pupuk, (B) pupuk anorganik (TSP+KCl+Urea), (C) kotoran ayam + sekam, (D) kompos, dan(E) kompos plus, yaitu kompos yang diberi campuran bakteri, yaitu bakteri penambat nitrogen simbiotik, bakteripenambat nitrogen nonsimbiotik, dan bakteri pelarut fosfat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran bakteriyang diisolasi dari tanah gambut di Kalimantan Barat yang terkandung dalam kompos plus dapat beradaptasi denganbaik pada lahan di lokasi penelitian. Populasi total SNFB, NSNFB, dan PSB meningkat masing-masing menjadi 9,15x 108, 9,34 x 108, dan 9,35 x 108 sel/g tanah. Keberadaan campuran bakteri tersebut mampu meningkatkan aktivitasenzim fosfatase asam dan basa di dalam tanah. Peningkatan tertinggi aktivitas enzim fosfomonoesterase asam danbasa dicapai pada perlakuan kompos plus. Perlakuan tersebut juga meningkatkan berat buah kapri dibandingkandengan kontrol (75,32 %), perlakuan pupuk kimia (45,48%), kotoran ayam + sekam ( 31,19 %), dan kompos (15,60%). Pemanfaatan campuran bakteri pelarut fosfat tersebut dalam kompos diharapkan dapat digunakan secara meluasdalam pembudidayaan kapri dalam sistem organic farming (OF), sehingga berperan dalam peningkatan produksi dansekaligus menekan penggunaan pupuk anorganik.ABSTRACT. Widawati, S., Suliasih, and A. Muharam. 2010. The Effect of Compost Enriched with SymbioticNitrogen Fixing and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on the Growth of Peas and the Activity of PhosphataseEnzymes in the Soil. The use of organic materials on cultivation of vegetable crops has some advantages, especiallyfor maintaining suitable soil conditions and decreasing the utilization of inorganic fertilizers. The research wascarried out at Cidawu Village, Cibodas (1,250 m asl.), Cianjur, West Java, from January to December 2007. Soilsamples were collected from some different areas in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. The research was aimed todetermine the effect of compost enriched with mixed phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on the growth of peasand on the activity of phosphatase enzymes in the soil. A randomized block design with five treatments and threereplications was used in the experiment. A local variety of peas was utilized in the experiment. The treatments werethe addition of fertilizers consisted of (A) without any fertilizer, (B) with inorganic fertilizers i.e. TSP+KCl+Urea,(C) with chicken dung + rice husk, (D) with compost, and (E) with compost plus (compost enriched with symbioticnitrogen fixing bacteria/SNFB, nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria/NSNFB, and PSB). The results showed thatthe mixed bacteria isolated from peat soil in West Kalimantan in the compost plus (treatment E) properly adaptedin soil conditions at the site of the experiment. The total populations of SNFB, NSNFB, and PSB were increased upto 9.15 x 108, 9.34 x 108, and 9.35 x 108 cell/g soil, respectively. The occurrence of the mixed bacteria increased theactivity of acid and alkaline phosphatases in the soil. The highest activities of acid and alkaline phosphomonoesteraseenzymes in the soil achieved by the treatment of compost plus. The treatment increased the fresh weight of peascompared to control (75.32 %), to the chemical fertilizers (45.48%), to chicken dung+rice husk ( 31.19 %), and tocompost (15.60 %). The widely application of the mixed PSB in compost is hopefully established in cultivation ofpeas in the organic farming (OF) system, then it will confidently support on the increase of peas production, and thedecrease of inorganic fertilizers as well.

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