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Pulp and Paper Characteristics of Five Lesser-known Species in Kalimantan: Effects of Re-beating Rahmaningsih, Heni; Marsoem, Sri Nugroho; Sulistyo, Joko
Wood Research Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2014): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2014.5.2.65-74

Five lesser-known species from natural forests in Central Kalimantan, viz., cempaka (Michelia champaca Linn), mentawa (Artocarpus rigidus Blume), menjalin (Xanthophyllum excelsum Miq.), kempili (Lithocarpus elegans (Blume) Hatus. Ex Soepadmo), and sempori (Dillenia sp.) were evaluated in the laboratory for their specific gravity, fiber morphology, pulping and papermaking properties. In addition, their properties after three-phase beating were also evaluated from a recycled paper point of view. The specific gravity and fiber length range were 0.58~0.68 and 1239~2479 μm, respectively. The highest value in specific gravity was observed in menjalin wood, while the longest fiber was observed in sempori. Kraft pulping with 14% active alkali (as Na2O), 23% sulfidity, 2 h at the maximum temperature showed that the highest screened yield was determined in cempaka wood (44.29%) with a kappa number of 17.6. The freeness ranges of unbeaten pulp were 675~780m mL CSF. The freeness ranges of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd beating were 539~630 mL, 235~275 mL, and 220~230 mL CSF, respectively. The 1st beating exhibited the best mechanical properties. Among the species, cempaka, kempili, and mentawa showed comparatively high tensile (57~60 Nm/g) and burst index (2.6~3.4 KPa m2/g), whereas the highest value for tear index (5.02 mNm2/g) was observed in sempori. A considerable decrease in fiber length, slenderness ratio, and mechanical properties of the paper was observed with an increased beating number. These findings suggest that cutting the fibers or decreasing the slenderness ratio was the main factor causing the strength to decrease.

Pulp and Paper Characteristics of Five Lesser-known Species in Kalimantan: Effects of Re-beating Rahmaningsih, Heni; Marsoem, Sri Nugroho; Sulistyo, Joko
Wood Research Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2014): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2014.5.2.65-74

Five lesser-known species from natural forests in Central Kalimantan, viz., cempaka (Michelia champaca Linn), mentawa (Artocarpus rigidus Blume), menjalin (Xanthophyllum excelsum Miq.), kempili (Lithocarpus elegans (Blume) Hatus. Ex Soepadmo), and sempori (Dillenia sp.) were evaluated in the laboratory for their specific gravity, fiber morphology, pulping and papermaking properties. In addition, their properties after three-phase beating were also evaluated from a recycled paper point of view. The specific gravity and fiber length range were 0.58~0.68 and 1239~2479 μm, respectively. The highest value in specific gravity was observed in menjalin wood, while the longest fiber was observed in sempori. Kraft pulping with 14% active alkali (as Na2O), 23% sulfidity, 2 h at the maximum temperature showed that the highest screened yield was determined in cempaka wood (44.29%) with a kappa number of 17.6. The freeness ranges of unbeaten pulp were 675~780m mL CSF. The freeness ranges of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd beating were 539~630 mL, 235~275 mL, and 220~230 mL CSF, respectively. The 1st beating exhibited the best mechanical properties. Among the species, cempaka, kempili, and mentawa showed comparatively high tensile (57~60 Nm/g) and burst index (2.6~3.4 KPa m2/g), whereas the highest value for tear index (5.02 mNm2/g) was observed in sempori. A considerable decrease in fiber length, slenderness ratio, and mechanical properties of the paper was observed with an increased beating number. These findings suggest that cutting the fibers or decreasing the slenderness ratio was the main factor causing the strength to decrease.

PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP BENIH IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy) PADA SISTEM RESIRKULASI DENGAN PADAT TEBAR 5,7 DAN 9 EKOR/LITER Sulistyo, Joko; Muarif, Muarif; Mumpuni, Fia Sri
Jurnal Pertanian Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016): OKTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) merupakan komoditas unggulan ikan air tawar, tetapihasil produksinya masih belum dapat memenuhi permintaan pasar. Oleh karena itu perluupaya dan teknologi untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan benih dan produksi benih ikan guramedengan pembenihan secara intensif melalui peningkatan padat penebaran dengan sistemresirkulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidupbenih ikan gurami terbaik dengan padat penebaran 5, 7 dan 9 ekor/liter, dengan ukuran benih1 cm dengan sistem resirkulasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perlakuan padat penebaranbenih ikan gurami yang berbeda dalam pemeliharaan sistem resirkulasi memberikan pengaruhnyata terhadap derajat kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan bobot harian, dan panjangmutlak. Nilai tertinggi derajat kelangsungan hidup diperoleh pada padat tebar 5 ekor/literdengan nilai 83,85%, sedangkan nilai laju pertumbuhan bobot harian dan pertumbuhanpanjang mutlak tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan padat tebar 7 ekor/liter.Kata kunci: padat penebaran, ikan gurame, tingkat pertumbuhan, tingkat kelangsungan hidup

The Influence of Culinary Diversity and Tourism Events on Tourist Expenditures (Study in Central Lombok Regency with Destination Image as Intervening Variable) Dewi, Irra Chrisyanti; Sulistyo, Joko
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v5i2.610

This research investigates the interplay between culinary diversity, tourism events, destination image, and tourist expenditures in Central Lombok Regency, Indonesia. A quantitative approach utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze data gathered from domestic and international tourists. Hypothesis testing revealed significant positive relationships between culinary diversity and tourist expenditures, tourism events and tourist expenditures, culinary diversity and destination image, tourism events and destination image, as well as indirect effects through destination image on tourist expenditures. The result highlights the economic importance of diverse culinary experiences and engaging events in driving tourism revenue, shaping destination image perceptions, and influencing tourists' spending behaviors. The study underscores the need for integrated destination management strategies to leverage Central Lombok's cultural and gastronomic assets for sustainable tourism development.

Ketahanan Gubal Jati Hutan Rakyat Diawetkan dengan Senyawa Boron Menggunakan Metode Tekan Lowry terhadap Serangan Rayap Tanah dan Kayu Kering Pertiwi, Yus Andhini Bhekti; Sulistyo, Joko
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 15 No 1 (2021): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Nowadays, most of teak wood that available on the market was mainly from comunity forest. Those teak woods were commonly harvested in the early age. The young teak wood from community forests possesses lower proportion of heartwood than sapwood. Those condition was generally had an affect on the wood durability. Although the wood durability was estimated to be low, but the teak wood from community forest was intensively used for furniture and house construction. Therefore, study on the sapwood durability of young teak wood from community forest is necessary. In the present study, the durability of sapwood treated by boron compound (boric acid and borax) as wood preservatives was investigated. The boron concentrations were 5, 7 and 10%. The vacuum process were used to impreg the preservative into the wood specimens called as Lowry method. The efectivity of preservation method were investigated, namely absorption, retention, penetration, efficacy of subterranean and dry-wood termites. The absorption, retention, and penetration of boron compound were 69.10–96.41 kg/m3, 4.53–5.31 kg/m3, and 3.04–3.16 mm, respectively. Absorption, retention, and penetration of preservatives showed an increasing value by increasing the preservatives concentrations, with the highest values were obtained for 10% boron concentration. Graveyard test was used to evaluate the efficacy of boron in teak sapwood to subterranean termites. During 2 months observation, mass loss and degree of wood damage were 0.42-1.37% and 6.31-18.72%. Furthermore, the efficacy of boron was also conducted for dry-wood termites. The mass loss, degree of wood damage, and dry-wood termites mortality after 28 days observation were 1.46-1.67%, 29.45-32.38%, and 87.33-95.33%, respectively. The durability of boron treatened teak sapwood against subterranean and dry-wood termites was increased. The increasing of teak sapwood durability was characterized by reduction of mass loss and degree of wood damage compared to untreated teak sapwood (control).

Fortification of modified Cassava Starch with Bacterial Polyglutamic Acid derived from Bacillus natto Heroney, Hevenney Vianie; Swee Ling, Joanna Ho; Sulistyo, Joko
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 5 No 1 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : School of Tourism, Universitas Ciputra Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37715/jtce.v5i1.5567

Fortification of cassava starch with bacterial polyglutamic acid (PGA) offers the potential to enhance its nutritional value. The fortified starch was determined for its physicochemical and functional properties after addition of varying levels PGA. The findings showed that with increasing PGA levels, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in bulk density, swelling power, and viscosity (peak, trough, breakdown, setback, and final), while water and oil absorption capacities and solubility index increased. In addition, increasing PGA content significantly (p < 0.05) increased protein content approximately 48.71% and fat content 72.5%, while moisture and ash content decreased 13.10% and 8.1%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed obvious cracks in starch granules and increased binding of PGA protein molecules to the surface of starch granules, resulting in the formation of larger agglomerates. This study focused on the assessment of the effects of fortification of cassava starch with PGA bacteria on its functional and sensory properties.

Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Arabica Spent Coffee Grounds Hamidy, Raymond; Rachman, Hans; Anggara, Jaclyn Regina; Sulistyo, Joko; Asri, Nyoman Puspa
Jurnal IPTEK Vol 29, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya (ITATS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.iptek.2025.v29i1.7815

Global coffee production generates significant amounts of spent coffee grounds (SCG), often discarded, creating environmental challenges. Cellulose, a major component of SCG, can be extracted for industrial applications, such as food packaging and bioplastics. This research aims to determine the optimal cellulose purification time for maximizing purity and characterize the physicochemical properties of the extracted cellulose for food industry use. The study investigates the effect of different purification times on cellulose purity. The highest purity (74.40%) was obtained at 180 minutes, with the extracted cellulose showing high crystallinity and favorable properties, such as low moisture content (3.49%), water absorption capacity (6.17%), and bulk density (0.2871 g/cm³). Characterization using SEM revealed the morphology of cellulose crystals, and analysis (Carr’s index: 15.33%, Hausner ratio: 1.1811) confirmed the material’s suitability for biocomposites in food applications. Color analysis (L*: 76.34, C*: 28.52, h*: 16.46, WI: 62.94) also highlighted the material’s potential for use in food formulations. This research provides valuable data for further applications of cellulose derived from SCG.

TEGANGAN PERTUMBUHAN PERMUKAAN KAYU JABON UMUR 5 TAHUN DARI HUTAN RAKYAT DI SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA Ridho, Muhammad Rosyid; Marsoem, Sri Nugroho; Listyanto, Tomy; Sulistyo, Joko
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI Vol 12, No 4 (2024): JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jhl.v12i4.79496

Burflower (Neolamarckia cadamba Miq.) is a fast-growing wood species which has been planted in some community forest on Java Island in recent years. This study aims to examine the surface growth stress of 5-year-old burflower wood from a community forest in Sleman, Yogyakarta. In addition, the axial variation of the surface growth stress within the stem also studied. The strain gauges method was conducted to determine the surface-released strains (SRS) in the stem periphery. The results show that the mean value of longitudinal SRS was -241,58 μɛ (-239 – 1.141 μɛ), while tangential SRS was -208,89 μɛ (-564 – 18 μɛ). These SRS values were considered low (under 650 μɛ) therefore the burflower wood theoretically has no potential for processing defects. There is no significant difference in SRS value within stem in the axial direction. This result indicates that the SRS measurement for 5-year-old burflower wood can be carried out only in the breast high of standing trees. Keywords: Periphery, processing-defects, strain gauges, strains Abstrak Jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba Miq.) adalah spesies kayu cepat tumbuh yang banyak ditanam di hutan rakyat di Pulau Jawa dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari tegangan pertumbuhan permukaan kayu jabon yang berumur 5 tahun dari hutan rakyat di Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta. Selain itu, variasi aksial dari tegangan pertumbuhan dalam satu batang pohon juga dipelajari. Metode strain gauges digunakan untuk menentukan pelepasan regangan permukaan (PRP) pada periferi batang pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rerata PRP longitudinal yaitu 241,58 μɛ (-239 – 1.141 μɛ), sedangkan PRP tangensial sebesar -208,89 μɛ (-564 – 18 μɛ). Nilai PRP yang relatif rendah (di bawah 650 μɛ) menunjukkan bahwa kayu jabon secara teori tidak berpotensi mengalami cacat pengolahan. Tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan signifikan nilai PRP dalam satu pohon pada arah aksial. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengukuran PRP pada kayu jabon umur 5 tahun cukup dilakukan pada bagian setinggi dada saja pada saat pohon masih berdiri. Kata Kunci: Cacat pengolahan, periferi, regangan, strain gauges

Determination of optimum fermentation time through microscopic, sensory, and eating quality comparison of hyacinth beans, sword beans, and soybean tempeh Jacob, Alexander Michael; Gaby, Cecilia; Rachman, Hans; Sulistyo, Joko; Krisbianto, Oki
AGROINTEK Vol 19, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v19i4.27608

Tempeh is a traditional Indonesian fermented food made from soybeans, which are rich in protein and essential nutrients. However, the increasing demand for soybeans, particularly in Indonesia, has led to a search for alternative legumes. This study aims to evaluate the potential of hyacinth beans (HB) and sword beans (SD) as alternative legumes for tempeh production in comparison to conventional soybean (SB) tempeh. The research was conducted in two phases. The first phase was determining the optimum fermentation duration for HB and SD tempeh compared to SB tempeh using sensory appearance, hardness, and microscopic observation. The second phase was to determine the eating quality of all tempeh, which were steamed and fried, by sensory evaluation supported by color and texture analyses. Protein content analysis was also conducted on raw and cooked tempeh. Results showed that optimal fermentation durations were determined as 36 hours for HB and SD and 48 hours for SB tempeh, which had optimum sensory appearance, hardness, and Rhizopus mycelial growth. SB tempeh was more favored in the second phase than HB and SD tempeh. The preference for SB tempeh compared to the other two was thought to be because the panelists were more familiar with the sensory characteristics of SB tempeh. Protein content was highest in fried SB tempeh (37.49%), significantly increasing due to moisture loss during frying. While the original tempeh made from SB remains the most favored, non-SB legumes, especially SD, also present viable alternatives for tempeh production. Consequently, non-SB tempeh has the potential to reduce dependence on soybeans and support food diversification.

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