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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Prosiding KOMMIT Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Jurnas Nasional Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi Sistemasi: Jurnal Sistem Informasi JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization Indonesian Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Data Mining Journal of Information Technology and Computer Engineering JURTEKSI Jambura Journal of Informatics Jurnal Teknologi Jurnal Sistim Informasi dan Teknologi Sainstek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF) Journal of Applied Data Sciences Jurnal Computer Science and Information Technology (CoSciTech) Journal of Holistics and Health Sciences (JHHS) Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research SmartComp Jurnal Terapan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah CSRID
Sumijan Sumijan
Gunadarma University
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Adaptive Marker-Controlled Watershed Combined with Voxel Quantification for Automated Fetal Measurement Hadi, Febri; Sumijan, Sumijan; Fitri, Iskandar
Journal of Applied Data Sciences Vol 7, No 2: May 2026
Publisher : Bright Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47738/jads.v7i2.1224

Abstract

Accurate and consistent fetal biometric measurement is essential for assessing fetal growth and gestational age in prenatal care. However, ultrasound (US) imaging presents several challenges, including speckle noise, shadowing artifacts, and low tissue contrast, which often degrade segmentation accuracy. Classical watershed algorithms, though effective for edge detection, tend to produce over-segmentation in such complex textures. The dataset used in this study consisted of 272 ultrasound images of patients from M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatra. The dataset covers various phases of fetal development, from the first trimester to the third trimester. All images correspond exclusively to fetal ultrasound examinations and were used solely for automated fetal biometric analysis. To overcome these issues, this study introduced an Adaptive Marker-Controlled Watershed (AMCW) algorithm combined with Voxel Quantification (VQ) to achieve more reliable and automated fetal measurements. The proposed AMCW method integrates adaptive marker generation based on morphological gradient and local intensity statistics, enabling dynamic control of internal and external markers across varying fetal regions. After segmentation, spatially calibrated pixel-based quantification was employed to estimate the dimensional properties of segmented fetal structures. The method was applied exclusively to 2D B-mode ultrasound datasets across multiple gestational ages, targeting four key fetal parameters: Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Head Circumference (HC), Abdominal Circumference (AC), and Femur Length (FL). Although the present study is limited to 2D ultrasound images, the proposed framework may be extendable to 3D ultrasound data in future research. The combination of adaptive marker-controlled watershed segmentation and voxel-based quantification presents a robust, interpretable, and computationally efficient framework for automated fetal measurement. The CNN achieved a classification accuracy of 98.75% on the independent testing dataset, indicating that the extracted biometric features contain strong discriminative information for automated fetal condition assessment. This hybrid approach minimizes operator dependency and measurement variability aligning with clinical measurement trends.
Co-Authors Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Adi Gunawan, Adi Afriyadi, Iqbal Agasi, Andre Ahmad Zaki Am, Andri Nofiar Anam, M Khairul Anisya Anisya Ardiani, Novia Sutra Ardiyan, Destio Boediarsih Devita, Retno Esa Kurniawan Fajrul Islami Fauzana, Rahmi Febri Hadi Febriani, Widya Firdaus, Muhammad Bambang Galih Pramuja Inngam Fanani Gunadi Widi Nurcahyo Hadi Syahputra Hidayad, Asri Husni Thamrin Ilham Roni Yansyah Iskandar Fitri, Iskandar Jaya, Budi Juansen, Monsya Julius Santony Kadrahman, Kadrahman Karfindo, Karfindo Mardian, Zurni Mardison Mardison Masparudin, Masparudin Mifthahul Rahmi Negoro, Wahyu Saptha Pohan, Yosua Ade Putra, Ondra Eka Putra, Surya Dwi Putra, Yoga Ananda Putri, Adek Putri, Dhena Marichy Rahmad Dian Rahman, Surya Aulia Renaldi, Encik Yoega Saiful Bukhori Sarjon Defit Setiawan, Adil Silfia Andini, Silfia Siska, Ayu Prima Soeheri, Soeheri Sovia, Rini Suhaidir, Lc Granadi Sunaryo, Nandra Surmayanti, Surmayanti Tajuddin, Muhammad Tamaza, Muhammad Abyanda Tukino, Tukino Yamin, Abdul Yamin Yendi Putra Yuhandri Yuhandri, Yuhandri Yunus, Yuhandri