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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Buletin Peternakan Pastura; Journal Of Tropical Forage Science Bionatura Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner UNEJ e-Proceeding Buletin Ilmu Makanan Ternak Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan

Toto Toharmat

Department Of Nutrition And Feed Science, Faculty Of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 404595

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Immunology & microbiology Veterinary Other

Published : 19 Documents Claim Missing Document

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Improvement of nutritive value of acacia mangium bark by alkali treatment Wina, Elizabeth; Toharmat, Toto; Astuti, Widia
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 6, No 3 (2001)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bark, especially from Acacia mangium is a by-product from wood processing industries that commonly found in Indonesiaand in big amount will cause environmental problems. One of the alternatives to utilize bark is for animal feed. The aims of this experiment are to improve the nutritive value of bark by alkali treatments (urea and sodium hydroxide) and to determine the level of substitution of elephant grass by bark. The experiment consisted of 3 in vitro studies and 1 in sacco study. In vitro studies consisted of 1) the use of urea or NaOH by wetting and incubation-method, 2) the use of different concentration of Na OH (0-4%) by soaking method, 3) determination of substitution level of elephant grass by treated bark. In sacco study was conducted at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation to compare the degradation of treated bark to elephant grass. The results show that urea treatment did not improve DM or OM digestibilities of bark. Soaking bark in 4% NaOH solution was more effective than wetting and incubation-method in improving in vitro digestibility. (49.26% vs19.56% for soaking and dry-method, respectively). In sacco studyl shows that treated bark had a very high solubility at 0 hour incubation but the degradation at 72 hours incubation was not significantly different from that of 0 hour incubation. The gas produced at in vitro study of treated bark was very low indicated that there was no degradation of bark at all. The level of substitution of elephant grass by treated bark up to 30% gave a non-significant digestibility value to that of 100% elephant grass. In conclusion, bark after tannin-extraction was a better feedstuff for animal feed. The soaking method in 4% NaOH solution improved the digestibility of bark significantly and the level of substitution of elephant grass by treated bark was 30%. Â Key words: Bark, acacia mangium, urea, sodium hydroxide, digestibility

Responses of milk quality to roasted soybeans, calcium soap and organic mineral supplementation in dairy cattle diets ., Adawiah; Sutardi, Toha; Toharmat, Toto; Manalu, Wasmen; ., Nahrowi
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 4 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Milk quality is affected by feed nutrient either macronutrient or micronutrient.Â Roasted soayabeans and calcium soap were to increase supply by pas protein and fat to dairy cattle. Thus, organic mineral was to increase bioavailability of feed mineral to animal.Â The objective of this study was to evaluate roasted soybean, mineral soap and organic mineral supplementation on milk quality of dairy cattle.Â Twenty lactating Frisian Holstein cows (initial weight 361.4 Â± 40.39 kg) were assigned into a randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 4 blocks. The treatments were A: basal diet, B: A + roasted soybean, C: B + calcium soap of corn oil, D: C + calcium soap of corn oil, E: C + calcium soap of fish oil. The experimental diets were offered for 9 and 2 weeks preliminary. The results of the experiment showed that milk protein and lactose were not affected by diets.Â Milk dry matterÂ of cows fed A, B, and D diets were higher (P<0.05) than those of fed C and E diets.Â Milk fat of cows fed A,Â B and D diets were higher (P<0.05) than those ofÂ fed C and E diets. Milk density of cows fed B and E diets were higher (p<0.05) than those of fed A, C and D diets. Milk TPC of cows fed B diet were higher (0.05) than those of fed A, C, D, and E diets. It is concluded that milk quality especially milk protein and lactose concentration are not affected by roasted soyabeans, Ca-soap, and organic mineral. Calcium soap of fish oil and organic mineral decrease population of milk bacteria. Key Words: Calcium Soap, Organic Mineral, Roasted Soyabeans, Dairy Cattle, Quality Milk

Responses of milk quality to roasted soybeans, calcium soap and organic mineral supplementation in dairy cattle diets Adawiah .; Toha Sutardi; Toto Toharmat; Wasmen Manalu; Nahrowi .
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 11, No 4 (2006): DECEMBER 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Milk quality is affected by feed nutrient either macronutrient or micronutrient. Roasted soayabeans and calcium soap were to increase supply by pas protein and fat to dairy cattle. Thus, organic mineral was to increase bioavailability of feed mineral to animal. The objective of this study was to evaluate roasted soybean, mineral soap and organic mineral supplementation on milk quality of dairy cattle. Twenty lactating Frisian Holstein cows (initial weight 361.4 ± 40.39 kg) were assigned into a randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 4 blocks. The treatments were A: basal diet, B: A + roasted soybean, C: B + calcium soap of corn oil, D: C + calcium soap of corn oil, E: C + calcium soap of fish oil. The experimental diets were offered for 9 and 2 weeks preliminary. The results of the experiment showed that milk protein and lactose were not affected by diets. Milk dry matter of cows fed A, B, and D diets were higher (P<0.05) than those of fed C and E diets. Milk fat of cows fed A, B and D diets were higher (P<0.05) than those of fed C and E diets. Milk density of cows fed B and E diets were higher (p<0.05) than those of fed A, C and D diets. Milk TPC of cows fed B diet were higher (0.05) than those of fed A, C, D, and E diets. It is concluded that milk quality especially milk protein and lactose concentration are not affected by roasted soyabeans, Ca-soap, and organic mineral. Calcium soap of fish oil and organic mineral decrease population of milk bacteria. Key Words: Calcium Soap, Organic Mineral, Roasted Soyabeans, Dairy Cattle, Quality Milk

Improvement of nutritive value of acacia mangium bark by alkali treatment Elizabeth Wina; Toto Toharmat; Widia Astuti
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 3 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Bark, especially from Acacia mangium is a by-product from wood processing industries that commonly found in Indonesiaand in big amount will cause environmental problems. One of the alternatives to utilize bark is for animal feed. The aims of this experiment are to improve the nutritive value of bark by alkali treatments (urea and sodium hydroxide) and to determine the level of substitution of elephant grass by bark. The experiment consisted of 3 in vitro studies and 1 in sacco study. In vitro studies consisted of 1) the use of urea or NaOH by wetting and incubation-method, 2) the use of different concentration of Na OH (0-4%) by soaking method, 3) determination of substitution level of elephant grass by treated bark. In sacco study was conducted at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation to compare the degradation of treated bark to elephant grass. The results show that urea treatment did not improve DM or OM digestibilities of bark. Soaking bark in 4% NaOH solution was more effective than wetting and incubation-method in improving in vitro digestibility. (49.26% vs19.56% for soaking and dry-method, respectively). In sacco studyl shows that treated bark had a very high solubility at 0 hour incubation but the degradation at 72 hours incubation was not significantly different from that of 0 hour incubation. The gas produced at in vitro study of treated bark was very low indicated that there was no degradation of bark at all. The level of substitution of elephant grass by treated bark up to 30% gave a non-significant digestibility value to that of 100% elephant grass. In conclusion, bark after tannin-extraction was a better feedstuff for animal feed. The soaking method in 4% NaOH solution improved the digestibility of bark significantly and the level of substitution of elephant grass by treated bark was 30%. Key words: Bark, acacia mangium, urea, sodium hydroxide, digestibility

Co-Authors A K Agustina A K Agustina Adawiah . Asep Sudarman Asep Tata Permana Cahyani, Febriyanti Regina Despal Despal Dwierra Evvyernie Elis Nina Herliyana Elizabeth Wina Elizabeth Wina Ella Rosita Endang Sulistyowati Endang Sulistyowati Febriyanti Regina Cahyani I G Permana I Komang Gede Wiryawan Idat Galih Permana Iman Hernaman Irma Badarina Iwan Prihantoro Iwan Prihantoro Jakaria Jakaria Jakaria Jakaria Komang G. Wiryawan Luki Abdullah Nahrowi Nahrowi Panca Dewi Manu Hara Karti Putut I. Pudjiono Rika Zahera Rita Mutia Rusli, Ridho Kurniawan S Suryahadi Sigit Mujiharjo Simson Tarigan Suwarno, Suwarno TOHA SUTARDI Wasmen Manalu Widia Astuti Widia Astuti Yulia Riska Azzahra Yulia Riska Azzahra

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