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All Journal Humaniora BASASTRA Diglossia BAHASA DAN SASTRA LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching Eralingua : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Asing dan Sastra Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Bakti Budaya: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Jurnal Madah Riau Journal of Empowerment Metalingua: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa Deiksis Metahumaniora Polingua : Scientific journal of Linguistics, Literature and Language Education Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa, dan Sastra Jurnal Kadera Bahasa Interdisciplinary Social Studies Deskripsi Bahasa Journal of Language and Literature Studies Arnawa
Hendrokumoro, Hendrokumoro
Prodi Sastra Jawa, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching

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UNDERSTANDING JAVANESE HARSH EXPRESSIONS AS REFLECTIONS OF CULTURAL NORMS, EMOTIONS, AND SOCIAL RELATIONS Hendrokumoro, Hendrokumoro; Wijana, I Dewa Putu; Ma'shumah, Nadia Khumairo
LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching Vol 28, No 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : English Education Study Programme of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/llt.v28i2.11333

Abstract

Although extensive research on Javanese has focused on politeness, speech levels, and also the preservation of social harmony, studies addressing its harsh words and expressions remain limited. This gap fails to address how Javanese accommodate the expression of conflict, frustration, mockery, as well as other forms of emotional intensity that challenge the idealized image of politeness. The main objective of this study was to investigate the lexicons that constitute harsh words or expressions in Javanese, with particular attention to their sources and the cultural analogies that shape their harsh meanings. Data were generated through the introspective method and literature review and analyzed using Conceptual Metaphor and Dysphemism Theory. The analysis revealed that Javanese harsh words or expressions are grouped into three categories: physical activities, physical states, and body parts or organs, with their usage reflecting two opposite poles: negative, when employed to express conflict, frustration, criticism, or mockery; and neutral, when used playfully among close friends. The findings indicate that the harshness of Javanese expressions is not embedded in the lexical items themselves, but instead arises from the situational and socio-cultural contexts, along with the meanings they convey.
Co-Authors Ayu Safitri Dewi Herlina, Dewi Dian Mahendra Djarot Heru Santosa Dwi Larasati Gretty Silvia Manurung I Desak Ketut Titis Ary Laksanti I Dewa Putu Wijana I Gede Bagus Wisnu Bayu Temaja Ilma Zulfa Intan Elok Okti Wardani Irmansyah, Sera Seftiana Putri Kristi, Tania Lin Shofwata D. Mailawati Mailawati Moh Masrukhi Moh. Masrukhi Monita Sholeha Nadia Khumairo Ma'shumah Neni Nuraeni, Neni Pita, Yul Fulgensia Rusman Radjalewa, Cosmas Reynold Rahilla Fanny Sabbihisma Debby Satiti Siti Sulistiyarini Sitti Rahmah Muhammad Walid, Ahmad Nafiul Zulfa, Ilma